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Phosphorus and iron deficiencies induce a
Phosphorus and iron deficiencies induce a

... plants were harvested, separating roots and shoots; fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of the tissues were measured and root/ shoot ratios assessed. Oven-dried samples (60 °C) of shoots and roots were acid digested with concentrated ultrapure HNO3 (650 ml l−1; Carlo Erba, Milano, Italy) using a s ...
Rain Garden Plants The most important factor in a
Rain Garden Plants The most important factor in a

... Quick growing grass adapts to almost any soil. For moist to dry soils Adaptable tree or shrub which tolerates wide range of soils that are well drained ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... interactive effect of plant litter and microbial community composition, although this is not always observed, particularly in later stages of litter decomposition (Wallenstein et al., 2013). These studies are a very important step forward for our understanding of litter–microbe interactions, as they ...
A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes
A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes

... (e.g., Taylor 1987). These improvements notwithstanding, the m o s t c o m m o n l y used technique for biomass assessment remains the coring or excavation of soil and subsequent separation o f roots. B 6 h m (1979) provides an excellent historical overview o f methods for root studies. In spite of ...
Author's personal copy
Author's personal copy

... benefits of phytoremediation have been demonstrated in many heavymetal contaminated sites, therefore this technology has been utilized by many environmental companies (Glass, 2000). Phytoremediation includes several subsets such as, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, rhizofiltration, and phytovolati ...
Russian knapweed [Acroptilon repens]
Russian knapweed [Acroptilon repens]

... SYNONYMS: angel’s hair, witch’s hair, tangle gut, strangle gut, devil’s gut, love vine, witch’s shoelaces. GENERAL DESCRIPTION: Annual stem parasites with leafless, thread-like, orange, red, or yellow stems that twine over other plants. Dodder can be problematic in agricultural crops, especially alf ...
Growing Food: A Guide to Food Production
Growing Food: A Guide to Food Production

... If plants are growing too close together (ie they are “too closely spaced”) they compete with each other for light, water, nutrients and air, and produce small plants of low quality which are more susceptible to attack by pests and diseases. If plants are growing too far apart, the yield per unit ar ...
6. Soil conditions
6. Soil conditions

... Integrated Crop Production III. Pepó, Péter Csajbók, József TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0009 University of Debrecen, Service Sciences Methodology Centre Debrecen, 2013. ...
Temporal variation of δ13C of larch leaves from a montane boreal
Temporal variation of δ13C of larch leaves from a montane boreal

... iron tower at the site (Li et al. 2005). Precipitation during the leaf-out period at the tower site was not available and instead precipitation observed at the Mongonmorit Weather Station was used. Additional details about the study site are presented elsewhere (Li et al. 2005, 2006). Sample collect ...
Small ruminant management and feeding with high quality
Small ruminant management and feeding with high quality

... However, there many examples where farmers, more than technicians and researchers, have realized that small ruminants benefit from better forages and are already mixing grasses with legumes and other high quality forages, seeing the results in terms of general well-being and productivity. The purpo ...
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)

... with other beneficial bacteria and mycorrhiza. This article incorporates the recent developments on microbial P solubilization into classical knowledge on the subject was given by Sonam Sharma et al.(2011). All microbes help in the uptake of tricalcium phosphate by the plants. The interactive effect ...
Crop Roots - Missouri State University
Crop Roots - Missouri State University

... years in a garden, if the appropriate Ceanothi are planted & left alone. Watering & fertilizing the plants more than required fools the plant into thinking that they do not need friends & can do all things themselves. The plants, if they do not die that day from pathogens, grow fast & robust, then d ...
Water deficit and nitrogen nutrition of crops. A review - HAL
Water deficit and nitrogen nutrition of crops. A review - HAL

... (Accepted 15 October 2009) ...
Carrots: Commercial Vegetable
Carrots: Commercial Vegetable

... also migrate .into Michigan from overwintering areas in Missouri and Arkansas. However, long distance migrants are probably rare in Michigan. Check fields for leafhoppers at least 1 or 2 times per week and treat if numbers exceed 5 to 10 per 100 sweeps with an insect net. Weekly field scouting can s ...
Mulberry Cultivation - Board of Intermediate Education,AP
Mulberry Cultivation - Board of Intermediate Education,AP

... Mulberry. Mulberry plant is mainly to produce high quality and quantity of leaf for rearing silk worms. The leaf quality has positive effect on the quality of cocoons which directly influence the silk yarn quality. Mulberry leaf protein is the source for the silk worm to bio-synthesize the silk whic ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... Methods and Results: Molecular methods were used to test the effects of foliar application of fungicide on the diversity and distribution of nifH genes associated with two chickpea cultivars and their nodulation. Treatments were replicated four times in a split-plot design in the field, in 2008 and ...
Role of Microorganisms in Nitrogen Cycling In North Dakota Soils
Role of Microorganisms in Nitrogen Cycling In North Dakota Soils

... marketed in this area in a way which suggests that they are capable of increasing crop yields by nitrogen fixation. A type of bacteria called Azotobacter is the most common example but many others, of defined or undefined com­ position, have made an appearance. Azotobacter is extreme­ ly capable of ...
Matching roots to their environment
Matching roots to their environment

... occur through plant roots, and the roots of agricultural crops have a significant role to play in soil sustainability, carbon sequestration, reducing emissions of greenhouse gasses, and in preventing the eutrophication of water bodies associated with the application of mineral fertilizers. † Scope T ...
download PDF
download PDF

... tomed submerged beds or under conifer rainforest canopies, producers have been gearing up and expanding production since early 2000s. The B.C. growers have the support of Canadian government researchers, who apparently are tight-lipped about their methods in this highly competitive industry. ...
Guidelines for the management of biodiversity in
Guidelines for the management of biodiversity in

... The term agro-ecosystem refers to the part of the landscape which is modified by the humans and where farming is practised. Agro-ecosystems differ from the natural ecosystems since they have been modified by the presence of human beings and by their activities. If one considers the number and the pr ...
TREE WORK SAFETY
TREE WORK SAFETY

... Excessive mulch can also create a welcoming habitat for animals such as voles that might feed on the base of plants. While you remove excess mulch check to be sure that the trees and shrubs were not planted too deep. The trunk flare or root-stem transition area should be at the soil surface. What if ...
Effect of Organic Manure with or Without Chemical Fertilizers on... Yield and Quality of Some Varieties of Broccoli Plants
Effect of Organic Manure with or Without Chemical Fertilizers on... Yield and Quality of Some Varieties of Broccoli Plants

... . It well known that, broccoli has enormous nutritional and medicinal values due to its high contents of vitamins (A, B1, B2, B5, B6 and E) , minerals (Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe) and antioxidant substances which prevent the formation of cancer causing agents[1]. Broccoli is widely, cultivated in many Europe ...
Enhancing the ability of Panicum virgatum to survive
Enhancing the ability of Panicum virgatum to survive

... resulting in a loss of topsoil. With the loss of topsoil, the soils of the reservoir areas are primarily B and C-horizon subsoils characteristically low in nutrient content. Because of the low nutrient content of the clay soils, planting around the shorelines and expecting plants to return season af ...
Copper compounds
Copper compounds

... PESTICIDE USAGE-WORLD SCENARIO There are about 1250 pesticides registered throughout the world out of which about 25 per cent have been phased out or banned due to their hazards to environment (Tomar and Parmar, 1993). The rate of increase in the usage of pesticides in developing countries is consi ...
our Species Identification Table
our Species Identification Table

... As above Good for underplanting. Nuts are a valuable food resource Mixes well in woodland Excellent as coppice understorey. Good fuelwood Suitable for planting besides roads Grows well with ash. Locally common in ancient woodland Hardy, common in hedgerows. Forms tall hedge Very important for wildli ...
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Base-cation saturation ratio

Base-cation saturation ratio (BCSR) is a method of interpreting soil test results that is widely used in sustainable agriculture, supported by the National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service (ATTRA) and claimed to be successfully in use on over a million acres (4,000 km²) of farmland worldwide. The traditional method, as used by most university laboratories, is known variously as the 'sufficiency level', sufficiency level of available nutrients (SLAN), or Index(UK) system. The sufficiency level system is concerned only with keeping plant-available nutrient levels within a well studied range, making sure there is neither a deficiency nor an excess. In the BCSR system, soil cations are balanced according to varying ratios often stated as giving 'ideal' or 'balanced' soil. These ratios can be between individual cations, such as the calcium to magnesium ratio, or they may be expressed as a percentage saturation of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil. Most 'ideal soil' theories stress both approaches. (See also – Cation exchange capacity)Strictly speaking, the 'base' cations are limited to calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium, and these are the primary nutrients that BCSR methods are most concerned with balancing. However, many proponents of 'ideal soil' theories also stress the importance of balancing the anions phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine as well as numerous minor and trace elements. The conventional SLAN system does not generally test for minor and trace elements unless there is sufficient cause to suspect a deficiency or toxicity.BCSR supporters argue that a soil balanced using their methods leads to greater crop yield and nutritional quality, as well as increasing the soil biological activity and the physical properties of tilth, aeration, and moisture retention. There is currently no publicly available research or trial data to support these claims, but BCSR systems are fairly widely used in organic farms and many positive testimonials from farmers and gardeners can be found on the internet and in alternative agriculture literature. Under most circumstances following BCSR systems will not lead to negative effects. The main concern for farmers is simply the unnecessary expense of applying soil amendments beyond what the crop can actually utilise.
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