Quantum Orders and Symmetric Spin Liquids
... way to study high Tc superconductors is to construct all the possible spin liquids that have the same symmetries as those observed in high Tc superconductors. Then analyze the physical properties of those spin liquids with dopings to see which one actually describes the high Tc superconductor. Altho ...
... way to study high Tc superconductors is to construct all the possible spin liquids that have the same symmetries as those observed in high Tc superconductors. Then analyze the physical properties of those spin liquids with dopings to see which one actually describes the high Tc superconductor. Altho ...
Quantum Groups: A Path to Current Algebra
... Algebra has moved well beyond the topics discussed in standard undergraduate texts on “modern algebra”. Those books typically dealt with algebraic structures such as groups, rings and fields: still very important concepts! However, Quantum Groups: A Path to Current Algebra is written for the reader a ...
... Algebra has moved well beyond the topics discussed in standard undergraduate texts on “modern algebra”. Those books typically dealt with algebraic structures such as groups, rings and fields: still very important concepts! However, Quantum Groups: A Path to Current Algebra is written for the reader a ...
reactive molecular collisions
... question: Howreliable is classical mechanics for treating nuclear motion in molecular systems? Truhlar & Muckerman(14) present a discussion of this point in their review. At the most detailed dynamicallevel, a failure of classical mechanics can usually be attributed to circumstances in which the imp ...
... question: Howreliable is classical mechanics for treating nuclear motion in molecular systems? Truhlar & Muckerman(14) present a discussion of this point in their review. At the most detailed dynamicallevel, a failure of classical mechanics can usually be attributed to circumstances in which the imp ...
Novel Systems and Methods for Quantum
... Precise control over quantum systems can enable the realization of fascinating applications such as powerful computers, secure communication devices, and simulators that can elucidate the physics of complex condensed matter systems. However, the fragility of quantum effects makes it very difficult to h ...
... Precise control over quantum systems can enable the realization of fascinating applications such as powerful computers, secure communication devices, and simulators that can elucidate the physics of complex condensed matter systems. However, the fragility of quantum effects makes it very difficult to h ...
DE C - MSU College of Engineering
... An asymmetric triangular quantum well was grown by molecular‐beam epitaxy using a digital alloy composition grading method. A high‐resolution electron micrograph (HREM), a computational model, and room‐temperature photoluminescence were used to extract the spatial compositional dependence of the qua ...
... An asymmetric triangular quantum well was grown by molecular‐beam epitaxy using a digital alloy composition grading method. A high‐resolution electron micrograph (HREM), a computational model, and room‐temperature photoluminescence were used to extract the spatial compositional dependence of the qua ...
Document
... the Wineland sense. But this does not mean that all states with no Wineland squeezing are of fully separable form In particular, there can be entangled states with ...
... the Wineland sense. But this does not mean that all states with no Wineland squeezing are of fully separable form In particular, there can be entangled states with ...
PDF
... observation of vortices had been limited to small arrays (up to 11 vortices), both in liquid He [3] and more recently in rotating gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) [4, 5]. We have observed the formation of highly-ordered vortex lattices in a rotating Bose-condensed gas [6]. They were produced ...
... observation of vortices had been limited to small arrays (up to 11 vortices), both in liquid He [3] and more recently in rotating gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) [4, 5]. We have observed the formation of highly-ordered vortex lattices in a rotating Bose-condensed gas [6]. They were produced ...
Physics meets philosophy at the Planck scale: Contemporary
... general relativity can be reconciled in a theory of ‘quantum gravity’. The project suggests a profound revision of our notions of space, time, and matter, and so has become a key topic of debate and collaboration between physicists and philosophers. This timely volume collects classic and original c ...
... general relativity can be reconciled in a theory of ‘quantum gravity’. The project suggests a profound revision of our notions of space, time, and matter, and so has become a key topic of debate and collaboration between physicists and philosophers. This timely volume collects classic and original c ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.