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- Cal State LA - Instructional Web Server
- Cal State LA - Instructional Web Server

... At least one sequence identifier (Seq-id) Information on the physical type of molecule (DNA, RNA, or protein) Descriptors, which describe the entire Bioseq Annotations, which provide information regarding specific locations within the Bioseq ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Long Noncoding RNAs
Molecular Mechanisms of Long Noncoding RNAs

... et al., 2009). Kcnq1ot1 is a 90 kb lncRNA expressed from the paternal allele that directs silencing of a cluster of genes in the imprinted Kcnq1 domain (Pandey et al., 2008). Kcnq1ot1 interacts with the histone methyltransferases G9a and PRC2, effectively forming a repression domain in cis to its tr ...
AUG
AUG

... - ribosome binding site (RBS) or Shine-Dalgarno sequence - complementary to the 3’end of 16S rRNA 3’ end of 16S rRNA ...
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... PROTEIN SYNTHESIS PROTEINS CAN BE: ________________________________________ (forming a part of the cell materials) ________________________________________ (hormones, enzymes, or chemicals involved in cell chemistry) Translation • The process in which the information in the nucleotide base sequence ...
No evidence for viral sequences in lepidic
No evidence for viral sequences in lepidic

... and with sequences of Uniprot database using BLASTX with an E-value equal to 1E-3. All ...
12-5 Gene Regulation - Lincoln Park High School
12-5 Gene Regulation - Lincoln Park High School

... Can transcription occur when the repressor is bound to the operator? No Why or why not? The repressor protein blocks RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter How does the presence of lactose help start transcription of the lac genes? Lactose binds to the repressor protein, causing it to release f ...
Know Before You Buy! Teacher Guide - Science Take-Out
Know Before You Buy! Teacher Guide - Science Take-Out

... involved in lactose metabolism.  Bacteria normally rely on glucose in their environment as a  food source.  However, if glucose is not available and lactose (a disaccharide) is present in  the environment, bacteria can survive by switching on the genes that allow them to use  lactose as a food sourc ...
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... snRNA snRNPs Spliceosome ...
1) For a couple of decades, biologists knew the
1) For a couple of decades, biologists knew the

... B) each of the genes sharing a common control element, allowing a single activator to turn on their transcription at once, regardless of their location in the genome C) organizing the genes into large operons, allowing them to be transcribed as a single unit D) A and B only E) A, B , and C 39) A euk ...
Chapter 28 Regulation of Gene Expression
Chapter 28 Regulation of Gene Expression

... Brief review figure 28-2 Sequences in promoter region vary widely In general closer to consensus, more often transcribed Further from consensus less transcribed May effect by factor of 1000 Constitutive genes not expressed at same levels due to this difference Regulated gene involved this + addition ...
Chapter 17
Chapter 17

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HOW HIV INFECTS CELLS
HOW HIV INFECTS CELLS

... HOW HIV INFECTS CELLS In general, viruses have very small genomes which means they can encode a very limited number of their own proteins. For this reason, most viruses must use the proteins provided by their host in order to reproduce and make more viruses. In a way, viruses are parasitic, they bri ...
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Control of Gene Activity

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PART III. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS SATISFIES: How DNA Makes It A
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... along with all the blue mRNA (messenger-RNA) nucleotides scattered next to it. This represents the contents of the nucleus. 4. Now, on the left side of the membrane (in the "cytoplasm"), place the "ribosome" surface in a horizontal position across the bottom of that area, and scatter the yellow tRNA ...
Transcription Activity Guide
Transcription Activity Guide

... 1. How many possible triplet codes can be generated from these four base letters? 64, calculation: 4 different bases, in groups of three, 43 = 64. _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ...
ch_07_study guide
ch_07_study guide

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Nucleotides - Mrs Miller's Blog | Science Revision
Nucleotides - Mrs Miller's Blog | Science Revision

... U in RNA replacing T in DNA If a DNA template strand code reads ATTCGCGTTAAT, what would the complementary MRNA strand read? UAAGCGCAAUUA Suggest why MRNA is less stable than DNA, and explain why this is a necessary feature of MRNA RNA is single stranded and so less stable, as nucleotide bases are e ...
Early Discoveries related to DNA…con`t
Early Discoveries related to DNA…con`t

... • A gene is a segment of DNA that specifies the ______________________ of a protein • Among all living things, from _____________ to _____________________…from ___________ ________________ …the same basic processes of specifying polypeptides and expressing genes are found. ...
UNIT 6 lecture part 3regulation
UNIT 6 lecture part 3regulation

... The lac operon is only transcribed when a galactoside predominates in the cell: • A repressor protein is normally bound to the operator, which blocks transcription. • In the presence of a -galactoside, the repressor detaches and allows RNA polymerase to initiate transcription. The key to this regu ...
Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

... – Griffith injected mice with S-bacteria. • Mice died from pneumonia – Mice injected with R-bacteria • Mice never got sick – Heat-killed S-bacteria and then injected it into mice • Mice survived. – Mixed heat-killed S-bacteria with R-bacteria and injected them into mice. • Mice got sick and died. ...
English Version
English Version

... 1. Basic principle of regardless of gene expression. (1) The common feature of gene expression is both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (2) Regulation of transcriptional initiation is the key step in regulation of gene expression. (3) Induction and repression are the basic models of prokaryotic gene expr ...
Ms Gentry`s Nucleic acids powerpoint File
Ms Gentry`s Nucleic acids powerpoint File

... called mRNA (messenger) a copy of the original DNA (TRANSCRIPTION)  The mRNA peels away and leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore and attaches to a ribosome  tRNA (transfer) brings amino acids to the ribosome in the correct order according to the base sequence on the mRNA (TRANSLATION)  The a ...
Mechanisms of assembly and genome packaging in an RNA virus
Mechanisms of assembly and genome packaging in an RNA virus

... particular challenge for single-stranded RNA viruses, as they must preferentially select their genomes from a high background of cellular mRNA. CPMV, a plant infecting member of the order Picornavirales, has a bipartite, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. Its icosahedral particles have a ma ...
RNA transcription and mRNA processing
RNA transcription and mRNA processing

... that are functional products themselves, such as ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). These RNAs are involved in translation. RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcribes RNA from structural genes, that is, genes that code for polypeptides. Pol II therefore is the primary RNA polymerase and the o ...
Automation of Reverse Transcription of Avian Influenza Viral RNA
Automation of Reverse Transcription of Avian Influenza Viral RNA

... µL of nuclease free water to each of the Rx-Mix vials with the workstation and mixed with pipetting action of the workstation. Aliquote of 100 µL of each of the reaction mix was transferred into vials placed on the cooling block for preparing working master mixes. To each of the above-said vials con ...
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Non-coding RNA



A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is an RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. Less-frequently used synonyms are non-protein-coding RNA (npcRNA), non-messenger RNA (nmRNA) and functional RNA (fRNA). The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene.Non-coding RNA genes include highly abundant and functionally important RNAs such as transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as RNAs such as snoRNAs, microRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, and piRNAs and the long ncRNAs that include examples such as Xist and HOTAIR (see here for a more complete list of ncRNAs). The number of ncRNAs encoded within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest the existence of thousands of ncRNAs., but see Since many of the newly identified ncRNAs have not been validated for their function, it is possible that many are non-functional. It is also likely that many ncRNAs are non functional (sometimes referred to as Junk RNA), and are the product of spurious transcription.
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