PGA Series of High Power Laser-Diodes for Industrial Range Finding
... The laser is operated by pulsing current in the forward bias direction. The Excelitas warranty applies only to devices operated within the maximum rating, as specified. Exceeding these conditions is likely to cause permanent “burn off” damage to the laser facet and consequently a significant reducti ...
... The laser is operated by pulsing current in the forward bias direction. The Excelitas warranty applies only to devices operated within the maximum rating, as specified. Exceeding these conditions is likely to cause permanent “burn off” damage to the laser facet and consequently a significant reducti ...
AJ Pikul (EE) - ECE Senior Design
... since we are using very small resistances. The parallel setup has a low impedance so it will drop less voltage which is useful to us. Within the parallel setup we can either use one op-amp over the whole circuit, or one over each resistor. We chose to put one at each resistor because the switches ch ...
... since we are using very small resistances. The parallel setup has a low impedance so it will drop less voltage which is useful to us. Within the parallel setup we can either use one op-amp over the whole circuit, or one over each resistor. We chose to put one at each resistor because the switches ch ...
Technical Research Paper “Microcontroller based Fault Detector”
... The relay is then connected to the load. In our device we have used a lamp load to show the operation of relay. Now, the AC supply is used to get a 3 phase looped supply by a switch named R Y B in the project. It is used to get a three phase supply done by looping the three terminals of the swit ...
... The relay is then connected to the load. In our device we have used a lamp load to show the operation of relay. Now, the AC supply is used to get a 3 phase looped supply by a switch named R Y B in the project. It is used to get a three phase supply done by looping the three terminals of the swit ...
Any path along which electrons can flow is a circuit.
... For the combination of three 8-ohm resistors, the two resistors in parallel are equivalent to a single 4-ohm resistor. They are in series with an 8-ohm resistor, adding to produce an equivalent resistance of 12 ohms. If a 12-volt battery were connected to these resistors, the current through the bat ...
... For the combination of three 8-ohm resistors, the two resistors in parallel are equivalent to a single 4-ohm resistor. They are in series with an 8-ohm resistor, adding to produce an equivalent resistance of 12 ohms. If a 12-volt battery were connected to these resistors, the current through the bat ...
35 Electric Circuits
... For the combination of three 8-ohm resistors, the two resistors in parallel are equivalent to a single 4-ohm resistor. They are in series with an 8-ohm resistor, adding to produce an equivalent resistance of 12 ohms. If a 12-volt battery were connected to these resistors, the current through the bat ...
... For the combination of three 8-ohm resistors, the two resistors in parallel are equivalent to a single 4-ohm resistor. They are in series with an 8-ohm resistor, adding to produce an equivalent resistance of 12 ohms. If a 12-volt battery were connected to these resistors, the current through the bat ...
A 60-GHz CMOS Receiver Front-End
... HE 7-GHz unlicensed band around 60 GHz offers the possibility of data communication at rates of several gigabits per second. In addition to satisfying speed-intensive applications, such high data rates can also reduce the energy dissipated per bit because the power consumption of RF transceivers has ...
... HE 7-GHz unlicensed band around 60 GHz offers the possibility of data communication at rates of several gigabits per second. In addition to satisfying speed-intensive applications, such high data rates can also reduce the energy dissipated per bit because the power consumption of RF transceivers has ...
An Ultra-low Power Temperature Independent Subthreshold CMOS
... of supply voltage and temperature is needed. They are also widely used in comparators, flash memories, PLLs, capacitance-to-digital convertors and Power management circuits [2], [3]. The desire for low-power circuits is increasing rapidly in portable devices [4]. For a better compatibility, voltage ...
... of supply voltage and temperature is needed. They are also widely used in comparators, flash memories, PLLs, capacitance-to-digital convertors and Power management circuits [2], [3]. The desire for low-power circuits is increasing rapidly in portable devices [4]. For a better compatibility, voltage ...
Current Electricity
... with a power supply of 1.3-V. What is the resistance in the circuit? 1. A current of 400mA runs through a bulb that is connected to two 15-Ω resistors. What is the voltage in the circuit? 1. A light bulb has a resistance of 10-Ω in a circuit powered by three 0.5-V batteries. What is the current runn ...
... with a power supply of 1.3-V. What is the resistance in the circuit? 1. A current of 400mA runs through a bulb that is connected to two 15-Ω resistors. What is the voltage in the circuit? 1. A light bulb has a resistance of 10-Ω in a circuit powered by three 0.5-V batteries. What is the current runn ...
Voltage-Divider Bias Circuits
... Biasing refers to the establishment of suitable dc values of different currents and voltages of a given transistor. Through proper biasing, a desired DC operating point or quiescent point; Q-Point of the transistor amplifier, in the active region (linear region) of the characteristics is obtaine ...
... Biasing refers to the establishment of suitable dc values of different currents and voltages of a given transistor. Through proper biasing, a desired DC operating point or quiescent point; Q-Point of the transistor amplifier, in the active region (linear region) of the characteristics is obtaine ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.