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Transportation Through the Plasma Membrane
Transportation Through the Plasma Membrane

... Maintaining a Balance  _____________________ - internal balance  ________________ _________________ - allows some materials to pass through membrane while rejecting others. ...
The Prokaryotes: Eubacteria and Archaea
The Prokaryotes: Eubacteria and Archaea

... treatment of things not caused by bacteria, patients not following their prescriptions properly or just by natural selection. • This has created what is known as a ‘superbug’, which is a term for a bacterium that cannot be destroyed by antibiotics. ...
Diffusion and Osmosis - Washington State University
Diffusion and Osmosis - Washington State University

... • Because of collisions with other particles, a diffusing particle changes direction on a picosecond time scale. Therefore, individual particles move about randomly and tend to return to the same spots. • However, if there is a concentration gradient, the average number of particles moving down the ...
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... • Bacteria and other microbes produce antibiotics to reduce competition from other organisms • Penicillin was the first to be use to fight disease - discovered accidently by Alexander Fleming in 1928 ...
Spring 2015-Chapter 6
Spring 2015-Chapter 6

... lakes or deep in the ocean. It is thought that the hydrostatic pressure is necessary to maintain the proper three dimensional configuration of their proteins, i.e., enzymes. Most of these organisms can live only a short time at standard atmospheric pressure. Hence, when they are studies it must be d ...
Cells
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... All organisms are composed of cells, whether they exist as single cells, colonies of cells, or in multicellular form. Cells are usually very small, and for this reason, a thorough understanding of subcellular structure and function has been possible only through advances in electron microscopy and m ...
Science on the Farm: an Overview of Student/Faculty Research
Science on the Farm: an Overview of Student/Faculty Research

... Relatively Cell Membrane Impermeant Relatively Highly Fluorescent ...
Cell Unit Organization
Cell Unit Organization

... material to be transported from cell to cell. Cells communicate over short distances by using local regulators that target cells in the vicinity of the emitting cell. Examples: o Neurotransmitters 
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CHAPTER 3 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CHAPTER 3 PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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Intercellular interactions. Course. Prof. A.Oleskin
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... suspension and not bound up in solid tissue, it makes sense for them to communicate by soluble, circulating protein molecules. However, as different lines of research converged, it became clear that some of the same signaling proteins the hematopoietic and immune systems used were also being used by ...
Ligand Elicited Response Sf9 cell deposition and Surface
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... of detecting ligand-activated cellular responses within a functionalized insect cell. We report preliminary results from our SAW biosensor setup, acoustically measuring cellular responses which are triggered when 12.5 μM concentration of octopamine, an invertebrate neurotransmitter, binds to the end ...
Herpes Virus - mbbsclub.com
Herpes Virus - mbbsclub.com

... bacteria to nutrients by a process called chemotaxis. • These propellers are composed of many sub units of single protein flagellin, arranged in chains. • Energy for the movement is provided by ATP. • Flagellated bacteria have specific number and locations on the bacterial cell wall. ...
Lab02 Cells
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... All organisms are composed of cells, whether they exist as single cells, colonies of cells, or in multicellular form. Cells are usually very small, and for this reason, a thorough understanding of subcellular structure and function has been possible only through advances in electron microscopy and m ...
Classification
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... and in the ice in ______________________. Their ___________ ___________ are chemically different than those of _______________________, or they may not have them at all. The 3 kinds are ______________ _______________, ___________ _______________, and _______________ _________________. IV. Uses for B ...
CH05-Control of Microbial Growth
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... • Hydrogen peroxide: effectiveness depends on surface….inanimate or living • Aerobic cells produce enzyme catalase – Breaks down H2O2 to O2, H2O • More effective on inanimate object ...
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...  Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration  Aquaporin is an integral protein that speeds up movement of water molcules ...
The endosymbiotic theory
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... The mitochondria of eukaryotes evolved from aerobic bacteria (probably related to the rickettsias) living within their host cell. The chloroplasts of eukaryotes evolved from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. Eukaryotic cilia and flagella may have arisen from endosymbiotic spirochetes. The basal bodies fr ...
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Observing Bacteria Types
Observing Bacteria Types

... Make sure prepared slides are clean. Make sure the scanning (4X) objective is used to locate the specimen prior to using the low (10x) and high (40x) power objectives. Yogurt at room temperature may give better results. Make sure students do not use too much yogurt on their slide. Make sure students ...
MCB 3020L Lab Experiment 1 Examination of Natural Microbes
MCB 3020L Lab Experiment 1 Examination of Natural Microbes

... the use of the microscope from their previous biology courses. In microbiology, however, you are dealing with such minute forms that it is essential to use good microscope technique. To observe microbes clearly you will especially need proper, focused illumination, a good selection of objectives and ...
Lec.2
Lec.2

...  Outer membrane: it’s a bilayer structure: and inner leaflet resembles in composition the cell membrane. While the phospholipids of the outer leaflet are replaced by lipopolysaccharides molecules. Thus this bilayer differs  from the bilayer of cell membrane. The outer membrane protects the cell fr ...
Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes

... Prokaryotes are generally single celled organisms, although some occur as aggregates, colonies, or simple multi-cellular forms. The three most common prokaryotic shapes are spherical (cocci) , rod shaped (bacilli), and helical forms. Nearly all prokaryotes have external cell walls, which protect and ...
L2_Bacterial structuresHO
L2_Bacterial structuresHO

... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
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Online Counseling Resource YCMOU ELearning Drive…

...  Flagella are filamentous protein structures attached to the cell surface that provide the swimming movement for most motile prokaryotes.  Prokaryotic flagella are much thinner than eukaryotic flagella, and they lack the typical "9 + 2" arrangement of microtubules.  The diameter of a prokaryotic ...
growth curve
growth curve

... Bacterial growth is the division of one bacterium into two daughter cells in a process called binary fission where one cell divides into 2 cells, the 2 cells into 4, the 4 into 8, etc.. Providing genetically identical daughter cells to the original cells resulting in local doubling of the bacterial ...
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Chemotaxis



Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.
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