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SSML_Arabic
SSML_Arabic

... – Some of these vowels (long ones) are written while the short ones are usually omitted. Arabic speakers can easily guess them. – Some consonants are also omitted from the written words (Shadda, Tanween) Ex: ‫ كتاب‬،‫درس‬ ...
Chapter 8 Notes – The Rise of Islam – 600-1200
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Southwest Asia - People Server at UNCW
Southwest Asia - People Server at UNCW

... that Ali's pious supporters refused to fight them. Ali was forced to seek a compromise with Mu'awiya, but this so shocked some of his die-hard supporters who regarded it as a betrayal that he was struck down by one of his own men in 661. Mu'awiya declared himself caliph. Ali's elder son Hassan accep ...
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WHAP Teacher Copy The Rise of Islam and the Making of an Arab
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... b. Shi’a Muslims i. _________________ Muslims rejected the Umayyads ii. The Shi’a believe that caliph must come directly from Muhammad’s _______________________________ c. Sunni Muslims i. __________________ Muslims accepted the rule of the Umayyads ii. The Sunni believe caliphs should follow Muhamm ...
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... according to Islamic teachings, by the voice of the angel Gabriel, who instructed him: ‘Recite: In the name of the Lord who created Man of a blood-clot.’ Over the next two decades, according to Islamic theology, God continued to reveal his messages to Muhammad through Gabriel. Muhammad transmitted t ...
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... who accepted Muawiyah as a legitimate caliph became Sunnis, whereas the substantial minority who sided with Ali became Shiites. This Sunni-Shiite divide has caused numerous civil wars across the Muslim world, whether in Iraq, Lebanon, or Syria, and continues to claim lives today. Thus though the spl ...
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Al-Nahda



Several Arab political parties and movements have been named ""al-Nahda"": For the Tunisian political party, see Ennahda Movement; for the Algerian political party, see Islamic Renaissance Movement.For the Omani football club, see Al-Nahda. For the neighbourhood in Dubai, see Al Nahda, Dubai.Al-Nahda (Arabic: النهضة‎ / ALA-LC: an-Nahḍah; Arabic for ""awakening"" or ""renaissance"") was a cultural renaissance that began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Egypt, then later moving to Ottoman-ruled Arabic-speaking regions including Lebanon, Syria and others. It is often regarded as a period of intellectual modernization and reform.In traditional scholarship, the Nahda is seen as connected to the cultural shock brought on by Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798, and the reformist drive of subsequent rulers such as Muhammad Ali. However, recent scholarship has shown that the Middle Eastern and North African Renaissance was a cultural reform program that was as ""autogenetic"" as it was Western inspired, linked to the Ottoman Tanzimat and internal changes in political economy and communal reformations in Egypt and Syro-Lebanon.The Egyptian nahda was articulated in purely Egyptian terms, and its participants were mostly Egyptians, and Cairo was undoubtedly the geographical center of the movement. But al-Nahda was also felt in neighboring Arab capitals, notably Beirut and Damascus. The shared language of Arabic-speaking nations ensured that the accomplishments of the movement could be quickly picked up by intellectuals in Arab countries.In the Ottoman-ruled Arabic regions, major influence and motive were the 19th century tanzimat reforms of the Ottoman Empire, which brought a constitutional order to Ottoman politics and engendered a new political class, and later the Young Turk Revolution which allowed proliferation of press and other publications.
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