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Anaphylaxis_01 (Pathophysiology)
Anaphylaxis_01 (Pathophysiology)

... secrete PAF and PAF can activate mast cells in vitro, so PAF potentially may contribute to human anaphylaxis. Additionally, anaphylaxis has been reported to be more severe in individuals who catabolize PAF slowly. Rare individuals have experienced anaphylaxis after receiving therapeutic preparations ...
Asthma Control and Exacerbations
Asthma Control and Exacerbations

... studies. The term is variously used to refer to episodes or events occurring multiple times a week (5), or to severe events requiring hospitalization. ‘‘Asthma severity’’ has also been used to describe either a patient’s overall clinical status, or the intensity of asthma symptoms or exacerbations ( ...
Autoimmunity to glomerular antigens in
Autoimmunity to glomerular antigens in

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)
Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)

... R.GvW. received fees for lectures and expert panel participation from Allmiral, Alcon, Hal, Merck Sharp & Dome, Novartis, Stallargènes and UCB. H.J.S. is co-chair of the GRADE working group and he supports the implementation of the GRADE approach worldwide. From non-profit organizations he has accep ...
Determinants of Fruit and Vegetables Availability in Low
Determinants of Fruit and Vegetables Availability in Low

... people can get adequate vitamin D3 through exposure to sunlight; however, the amount of sunlight exposure a person needs depends on time of day, season, latitude (distance from equator), skin pigmentation, and sunscreen application. In general, exposure of the arms and legs for 5 to 30 minutes betwe ...
Contact dermatitis: a practice parameter Practice parameter
Contact dermatitis: a practice parameter Practice parameter

... The major goal of these guidelines is to ensure that CD patients benefit from the best available diagnostic and therapeutic applications by consultant allergists/clinical immunologists. In achieving this balance, allergists/clinical immunologists may choose to develop a collegial working relationshi ...
EndoS and SpeB from Streptococcus pyogenes
EndoS and SpeB from Streptococcus pyogenes

... to analyze each sample. After the wells were washed with PBS, all of the wells were blocked for 2 h at room temperature with Veronal-buffered saline containing Ca2⫹ (0.15 mmol/liter), Mg2⫹ (0.5 mmol/liter), and 0.1% gelatin. Purified complement proteins were added to the MBL-deficient serum from whi ...
Medical and surgical management of nasal polyps
Medical and surgical management of nasal polyps

... produce a number of molecules to attract inflammatory cells and prolong their survival [11,25]. These inflammatory cells themselves can also produce cytokines such as interleukin-3, tumor necrosis factor-α, and GM-CSF, which recruit more inflammatory cells in an autocrine fashion [25]. Adhesion mole ...
Quyen Vu Lice Outbreaks: Transmission and Avenues for Treatment
Quyen Vu Lice Outbreaks: Transmission and Avenues for Treatment

... easily treated. For pubic lice because it's considered an STI this could also lead to underreporting. ...
Central Venous Catheters
Central Venous Catheters

... 800–900 mOsm/L has been widely thought (several guideline statements) to warrant use of a central line, the upper limit based on a clinical study published 30 years ago.2 However, in another clinical study on this subject it proved possible to give PN with an osmolality around 1100 mOsm/kg for up to ...
Psychological Stress and Antibody Response to Immunization: A
Psychological Stress and Antibody Response to Immunization: A

... also result in tolerance, the lack of antibody production. Conditions that bias the immune response toward tolerance or immunity are not well understood but may involve the concentration, frequency of exposure, and size of the antigen (11). Secondary antibody response. The initial response to an ant ...
Transmission of Infection by Flexible Gastrointestinal
Transmission of Infection by Flexible Gastrointestinal

Differential Host Immune Responses to Epidemic and Endemic
Differential Host Immune Responses to Epidemic and Endemic

... Shigella dysenteriae type 1 causes devastating epidemics in developing countries with high case-fatality rates in all age-groups. The aim of the study was to compare host immune responses to epidemic (T2218) and endemic strains of S. dysenteriae type 1. Shigellacidal activity of serum from rabbits i ...
Dental Hygiene OSHA Manual
Dental Hygiene OSHA Manual

... obligations on dentists. The material on the following pages explains these obligations and what you must do to comply if you are an employer with one or more employees. As you know, the use of personal protective equipment to protect against bloodborne pathogens (e.g., gloves, gowns, masks and eyew ...
6.1 Chapter 8-Pt 1 Infection and Immune Deficiencies
6.1 Chapter 8-Pt 1 Infection and Immune Deficiencies

... Vaccines - induce a primary immune response, thus priming the immune system so that exposure to the actual organism in the future is met with a vigorous and effective defense.  Inactivated or weakened, but antigenically similar material is used to make vaccine.  This could be an attenuated organis ...
Arterial catheter-related bloodstream infection: incidence
Arterial catheter-related bloodstream infection: incidence

... catheter-related BSI was 3.4 per 1000 catheter-days. With every study catheter cultured and using PFGE to link bloodstream isolates conclusively with catheter isolates, the rate of arterial catheter-related BSI was considerably higher than most intensivists might expect. This contrasts with lower ra ...
Infections and Immunodeficiencies
Infections and Immunodeficiencies

... Vaccines - induce a primary immune response, thus priming the immune system so that exposure to the actual organism in the future is met with a vigorous and effective defense.  Inactivated or weakened, but antigenically similar material is used to make vaccine.  This could be an attenuated organis ...
The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of
The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of

... All the studies above lack specificity since correlation calculations between airborne penicillins and health effects have been based on the total or the respirable dust level assuming all dust emanates from penicillins. In some cases this assumption may be adequate, e.g. in pharmaceutical industry ...
AGA Technical Review On The Evaluation And
AGA Technical Review On The Evaluation And

... in children and correlates well with quantitative fat output as measured using the van de Kamer method.38–40 Fecal cultures. Because bacterial infections are rarely the cause of chronic diarrhea in immunocompetent patients, routine fecal cultures usually are not obtained in most individuals with chr ...
Best Practices for Hand Hygiene
Best Practices for Hand Hygiene

... when the hands are not visibly soiled. ABHRs contain emollients to reduce skin irritation and are less time-consuming to use than washing with soap and water. Antibiotic-Resistant Organism (ARO): A microorganism that has developed resistance to the action of several antimicrobial agents and that is ...
Before initial patient environment contact
Before initial patient environment contact

... Some trainers may find them helpful to reinforce training scenarios. These scenarios show examples of sequences of health care during which several indications for hand hygiene occur. • Missed hand hygiene indications are shown in some scenarios and duplicate scenarios are also provided showing an e ...
Unraveling the Mystery of Bartonellosis
Unraveling the Mystery of Bartonellosis

... parasitic activity although they do not rely on a host to complete their life cycle. Other well-known pathogenic Alpha­proteobacteria include Ricket­ tsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Brucella species. While Bartonella can infect healthy people, it has generally been believed by mainstream medicine t ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Some trainers may find them helpful to reinforce training scenarios. These scenarios show examples of sequences of health care during which several indications for hand hygiene occur. • Missed hand hygiene indications are shown in some scenarios and duplicate scenarios are also provided showing an e ...
Diagnosis of rheumatic fever - Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Diagnosis of rheumatic fever - Journal of Preventive Cardiology

... studies have suggested that subclinical carditis as a major Jones’ criterion influences the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in 11–16% of patients only.9,10 Echocardiography is essential and useful in ruling out infective endocarditis in patients of established rheumatic heart disease. Those who o ...
Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes
Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes

... presence of acute hemorrhage, and hemosiderin-laden macrophages and free hemosiderin are markers of recent or chronic hemorrhage. Inflammation of the pulmonary vasculature is usually indicative of a systemic vasculitis. Although any form of bleeding diathesis or other condition that increases pulmon ...
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Hygiene hypothesis

In medicine, the hygiene hypothesis is a hypothesis that states that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents, symbiotic microorganisms (e.g. gut flora or probiotics), and parasites increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing the natural development of the immune system. In particular, the lack of exposure is thought to lead to defects in the establishment of immune tolerance.The hygiene hypothesis has also been called the ""biome depletion theory"" and the ""lost friends theory"".
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