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EC8011 40V Gate Pulse Modulator - E-CMOS
EC8011 40V Gate Pulse Modulator - E-CMOS

... The GPM consists of two high voltage MOSFETs which include P1 between VGH and VGHM and P2 between VGHM and RE. The switch control block is enabled when VDPM exceeds VREF and then P1 and P2 are controlled by VFLK and CD. There are three different modes of operation (see the Typical Application Circui ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSRJEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSRJEEE)

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... models the membrane capacitance of a neuron. As the capacitor charges, the voltage across the membrane and ground, which models extracellular space, begins to rise. Eventually the membrane voltage becomes great enough to overcome the threshold before the diode. Current will then begin to flow throug ...
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... It is important to note that the X and Y outputs remain unclamped, i.e. 0g still corresponds to Vcc/2 . So if one accidentally powers a DE-ACCM5G with 14V, the outputs would read 7v or more, which might be enough to damage an external device connected at the time. Reverse voltage Even the best engin ...
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IMEC, Leuven, Belgium, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Transformer - Hafiz Physics
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... The coils are not perfect electrical conductors and heat up because of resistance. To keep the resistance low, thick copper wire is used where possible. The core is itself a conductor, so the changing magnetic field induces currents in it. These circulating currents have heating effect. To reduce th ...
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Vintage Homebrew Setting the stage Technology / economics

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... For frequencies above 1 MHz, LC feedback oscillators are used. We will discuss the Colpitts, Hartley and crystalcontrolled oscillators. BJT amplifier can usually obtain higher oscillating frequency than using standard operational amplifier. In this case the high frequency hybrid - model [1] must be ...
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... LOW and turning off the transistor. Another charging cycle begins, and the entire process repeats. The result is rectangular wave output whose duty cycle depends on the values of R1 and R2. By selecting R1 and R2, the duty cycle of the output can be adjusted. Since C1 charges through R1+R2 and disch ...
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US6X3
US6X3

... No technical content pages of this document may be reproduced in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission of ROHM CO.,LTD. The contents described herein are subject to change without notice. The specifications for the product described in this document are for reference only. Up ...
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Spark-gap transmitter



A spark-gap transmitter is a device that generates radio frequency electromagnetic waves using a spark gap.Spark gap transmitters were the first devices to demonstrate practical radio transmission, and were the standard technology for the first three decades of radio (1887–1916). Later, more efficient transmitters were developed based on rotary machines like the high-speed Alexanderson alternators and the static Poulsen Arc generators.Most operators, however, still preferred spark transmitters because of their uncomplicated design and because the carrier stopped when the telegraph key was released, which let the operator ""listen through"" for a reply. With other types of transmitter, the carrier could not be controlled so easily, and they required elaborate measures to modulate the carrier and to prevent transmitter leakage from de-sensitizing the receiver. After WWI, greatly improved transmitters based on vacuum tubes became available, which overcame these problems, and by the late 1920s the only spark transmitters still in regular operation were ""legacy"" installations on naval vessels. Even when vacuum tube based transmitters had been installed, many vessels retained their crude but reliable spark transmitters as an emergency backup. However, by 1940, the technology was no longer used for communication. Use of the spark-gap transmitter led to many radio operators being nicknamed ""Sparks"" long after they ceased using spark transmitters. Even today, the German verb funken, literally, ""to spark,"" also means ""to send a radio message or signal.""
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