A molecular framework for the inhibition of
... Figure 1. Boron inhibits root growth through regulation of meristem size. (a) Arabidopsis seedlings (5-day-old) were transferred to different concentrations of boric acid (BA) and the root growth was visualized 5 d later. (b) Quantification of root growth of (a) from the root tip to the hypocotyl ba ...
... Figure 1. Boron inhibits root growth through regulation of meristem size. (a) Arabidopsis seedlings (5-day-old) were transferred to different concentrations of boric acid (BA) and the root growth was visualized 5 d later. (b) Quantification of root growth of (a) from the root tip to the hypocotyl ba ...
A Model for Cell Proliferation in a Developing Organism
... moves to site i + 1 pushing all cells to the right of it up by one. A new unmarked cell now occupies site i. Times between proliferation events are iid exp(λ). Equivalently. You can think of independent homogenous rate-λ Poisson processes at each site triggering proliferation events. The state X (t) ...
... moves to site i + 1 pushing all cells to the right of it up by one. A new unmarked cell now occupies site i. Times between proliferation events are iid exp(λ). Equivalently. You can think of independent homogenous rate-λ Poisson processes at each site triggering proliferation events. The state X (t) ...
Chapter 13 - Fission Yeast TOR and Rapamycin
... Since Tor2 physically associates with a raptor-like protein, Mip1, the structure and function of the TORC1 complex is conserved in fission yeast. Fission yeast cells grow normally as haploid, rod-shaped cells, which divide by medial fission, giving rise to two daughter cells of equal size. Upon eith ...
... Since Tor2 physically associates with a raptor-like protein, Mip1, the structure and function of the TORC1 complex is conserved in fission yeast. Fission yeast cells grow normally as haploid, rod-shaped cells, which divide by medial fission, giving rise to two daughter cells of equal size. Upon eith ...
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... and core components of the C. elegans miRISC (Hammell et al., 2009). In mice, the related TRIM32 protein also associates with Ago1 and increases the activity of specific miRISCs (Schwamborn et al., 2009). These findings suggest that different TRIM-NHL domain proteins have evolutionarily distinct fun ...
... and core components of the C. elegans miRISC (Hammell et al., 2009). In mice, the related TRIM32 protein also associates with Ago1 and increases the activity of specific miRISCs (Schwamborn et al., 2009). These findings suggest that different TRIM-NHL domain proteins have evolutionarily distinct fun ...
The integrin–actin connection, an eternal love affair
... Signalling pathways, which depend on localized integrin activation have also been reported. For example, at the leading edge of cells, integrin signalling dissociates complexes between GTP-bound Rho-GTPases and RhoGDI to release active Cdc42 and Rac1, resulting in membrane extension (Del Pozo et al. ...
... Signalling pathways, which depend on localized integrin activation have also been reported. For example, at the leading edge of cells, integrin signalling dissociates complexes between GTP-bound Rho-GTPases and RhoGDI to release active Cdc42 and Rac1, resulting in membrane extension (Del Pozo et al. ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... and model species, including tomato (Ursin et al., 1989; Chmelnitsky et al., 2003), tobacco (Koltunow et al., 1990), Antirrhinum (Nacken et al., 1991), oilseed rape (Scott et al., 1991b; Shen and Hsu, 1992), maize (Wright et al., 1993), rice (Tsuchiya et al., 1994), lily (Crossley et al., 1995), whi ...
... and model species, including tomato (Ursin et al., 1989; Chmelnitsky et al., 2003), tobacco (Koltunow et al., 1990), Antirrhinum (Nacken et al., 1991), oilseed rape (Scott et al., 1991b; Shen and Hsu, 1992), maize (Wright et al., 1993), rice (Tsuchiya et al., 1994), lily (Crossley et al., 1995), whi ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... and model species, including tomato (Ursin et al., 1989; Chmelnitsky et al., 2003), tobacco (Koltunow et al., 1990), Antirrhinum (Nacken et al., 1991), oilseed rape (Scott et al., 1991b; Shen and Hsu, 1992), maize (Wright et al., 1993), rice (Tsuchiya et al., 1994), lily (Crossley et al., 1995), whi ...
... and model species, including tomato (Ursin et al., 1989; Chmelnitsky et al., 2003), tobacco (Koltunow et al., 1990), Antirrhinum (Nacken et al., 1991), oilseed rape (Scott et al., 1991b; Shen and Hsu, 1992), maize (Wright et al., 1993), rice (Tsuchiya et al., 1994), lily (Crossley et al., 1995), whi ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... and model species, including tomato (Ursin et al., 1989; Chmelnitsky et al., 2003), tobacco (Koltunow et al., 1990), Antirrhinum (Nacken et al., 1991), oilseed rape (Scott et al., 1991b; Shen and Hsu, 1992), maize (Wright et al., 1993), rice (Tsuchiya et al., 1994), lily (Crossley et al., 1995), whi ...
... and model species, including tomato (Ursin et al., 1989; Chmelnitsky et al., 2003), tobacco (Koltunow et al., 1990), Antirrhinum (Nacken et al., 1991), oilseed rape (Scott et al., 1991b; Shen and Hsu, 1992), maize (Wright et al., 1993), rice (Tsuchiya et al., 1994), lily (Crossley et al., 1995), whi ...
ASXL1 interacts with the cohesin complex to maintain chromatid
... sides its major function in sister chromatid cohesion, the cohesin complex participates in many other cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation through long-range cis interactions (20–26). Recently, clinical studies have discovered recurrent mutations or deletions in the cohesin genes i ...
... sides its major function in sister chromatid cohesion, the cohesin complex participates in many other cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation through long-range cis interactions (20–26). Recently, clinical studies have discovered recurrent mutations or deletions in the cohesin genes i ...
The zebrafish as a model to study intestinal inflammation
... intestine throughout life, just like its murine counterpart (Muncan et al., 2007). In light of this high functional homology, zebrafish are an excellent model to study the mechanisms controlling renewal of gut epithelium. Although zebrafish do not have 5 intestinal segments like mammals (i.e. jejunum, ...
... intestine throughout life, just like its murine counterpart (Muncan et al., 2007). In light of this high functional homology, zebrafish are an excellent model to study the mechanisms controlling renewal of gut epithelium. Although zebrafish do not have 5 intestinal segments like mammals (i.e. jejunum, ...
Nervous Tissue Review Slides
... • The nerves that carry the stimuli that cause your body's muscles to contract at MOTOR neurons. Their structure is different from sensory neurons. The cell body or perikaryon (A) is filled with chromatophilic substances which pick up the stain in this micrograph. The cell's axon can not be distingu ...
... • The nerves that carry the stimuli that cause your body's muscles to contract at MOTOR neurons. Their structure is different from sensory neurons. The cell body or perikaryon (A) is filled with chromatophilic substances which pick up the stain in this micrograph. The cell's axon can not be distingu ...
Select Acetophenones Modulate Flagellar Motility in Chlamydomonas
... we screened a chemical library of acetophenones (all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich) for inhibitory effects on ciliary motility. Acetophenones were selected for their commercial availability and generally low toxicity in eukaryotic cells. In addition, several acetophenones are natural products (11) or ...
... we screened a chemical library of acetophenones (all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich) for inhibitory effects on ciliary motility. Acetophenones were selected for their commercial availability and generally low toxicity in eukaryotic cells. In addition, several acetophenones are natural products (11) or ...
OsRAN2, essential for mitosis, enhances cold tolerance in rice by
... Cell division plays an important role in plant growth and development. Our previous study suggests that the transcription factor OsMYB3R-2 targets and activates the expression of several G2/M-phase-specific genes such as cyclinB1:1 to increase the cell mitotic index and survival of rice plants under ...
... Cell division plays an important role in plant growth and development. Our previous study suggests that the transcription factor OsMYB3R-2 targets and activates the expression of several G2/M-phase-specific genes such as cyclinB1:1 to increase the cell mitotic index and survival of rice plants under ...
The plant formin AtFH4 interacts with both actin and microtubules
... microtubule bundling. Together, these data show that the GOE domain exhibits microtubule-binding activity in vivo and in vitro, and that the neighbouring FH1 region also influences AtFH4microtubule interactions. In animals, three formins have been found to associate directly with microtubules: mDia1 ...
... microtubule bundling. Together, these data show that the GOE domain exhibits microtubule-binding activity in vivo and in vitro, and that the neighbouring FH1 region also influences AtFH4microtubule interactions. In animals, three formins have been found to associate directly with microtubules: mDia1 ...
Cell shape changes indicate a role for extrinsic tensile forces in
... defined by a central cell surrounded by a corona of neighbouring cells were followed over 2-min windows12. We quantified how fast each of these domains changed dimensions along the AP and the DV axes of the embryo (‘total’ strain rates). Next we quantified the average rates of shape change for cells ...
... defined by a central cell surrounded by a corona of neighbouring cells were followed over 2-min windows12. We quantified how fast each of these domains changed dimensions along the AP and the DV axes of the embryo (‘total’ strain rates). Next we quantified the average rates of shape change for cells ...
CYTOKINESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
... likely as both Golgi stacks and cell plate are labeled only 30–60 min after uptake of the tracer (10). The machinery involved in the formation of cytokinetic vesicles has not been identified. However, the following components may be required, by analogy with vesicle budding in other post-Golgi traffic ...
... likely as both Golgi stacks and cell plate are labeled only 30–60 min after uptake of the tracer (10). The machinery involved in the formation of cytokinetic vesicles has not been identified. However, the following components may be required, by analogy with vesicle budding in other post-Golgi traffic ...
KRP3A and KRP3B: Candidate Motors in Spermatid Maturation in
... different structural demands on these specialized proteins in an array of microtubule complexes. Although microtubule-based movements are critical to spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell function, only a handful of motor proteins have been identified and characterized from the seminiferous epithelium [4 ...
... different structural demands on these specialized proteins in an array of microtubule complexes. Although microtubule-based movements are critical to spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell function, only a handful of motor proteins have been identified and characterized from the seminiferous epithelium [4 ...
Cytokinesis in Higher Plants
... likely as both Golgi stacks and cell plate are labeled only 30–60 min after uptake of the tracer (10). The machinery involved in the formation of cytokinetic vesicles has not been identified. However, the following components may be required, by analogy with vesicle budding in other post-Golgi traffic ...
... likely as both Golgi stacks and cell plate are labeled only 30–60 min after uptake of the tracer (10). The machinery involved in the formation of cytokinetic vesicles has not been identified. However, the following components may be required, by analogy with vesicle budding in other post-Golgi traffic ...
Progress Report on Reduced-Lignin Alfalfa: Part I, Plant Modifications
... The pectin portion is almost completely digested. The non-pectin cell wall fraction (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) is also known as Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF); ideally, alfalfa would contain 40% NDF on a DM basis. The lignin portion of cell walls is completely indigestible; it remains inta ...
... The pectin portion is almost completely digested. The non-pectin cell wall fraction (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) is also known as Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF); ideally, alfalfa would contain 40% NDF on a DM basis. The lignin portion of cell walls is completely indigestible; it remains inta ...
CYTOKINESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
... likely as both Golgi stacks and cell plate are labeled only 30–60 min after uptake of the tracer (10). The machinery involved in the formation of cytokinetic vesicles has not been identified. However, the following components may be required, by analogy with vesicle budding in other post-Golgi traffic ...
... likely as both Golgi stacks and cell plate are labeled only 30–60 min after uptake of the tracer (10). The machinery involved in the formation of cytokinetic vesicles has not been identified. However, the following components may be required, by analogy with vesicle budding in other post-Golgi traffic ...
references - Acusmatica.org
... The use of more than one microbial fuel kits can create more interesting structural patterns in time. Four units were used for this particular musical work. By finding different mechanisms to couple their behaviors one could compare this process to the art of writing for an instrumental improvisatio ...
... The use of more than one microbial fuel kits can create more interesting structural patterns in time. Four units were used for this particular musical work. By finding different mechanisms to couple their behaviors one could compare this process to the art of writing for an instrumental improvisatio ...
Enrichment of Electrochemically Active Bacteria Using a Three
... amperometric signal was observed. After 7 days of enrichment, however, a stable current in a range of 6-12 µA was observed. Typical traces of the current change due to the action of the electrochemically active bacteria in the electrochemical cell with the addition of the synthetic wastewater are sh ...
... amperometric signal was observed. After 7 days of enrichment, however, a stable current in a range of 6-12 µA was observed. Typical traces of the current change due to the action of the electrochemically active bacteria in the electrochemical cell with the addition of the synthetic wastewater are sh ...
Metabolic Incorporation of Stable Isotope Labels into Glycans
... with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), which provides an elegant method for the incorporation of an isotopic label into proteins prior to MS-based proteomics.18 In a SILAC experiment, two cell populations are grown in culture media that are identical except that one of them contains a “light”(nat ...
... with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), which provides an elegant method for the incorporation of an isotopic label into proteins prior to MS-based proteomics.18 In a SILAC experiment, two cell populations are grown in culture media that are identical except that one of them contains a “light”(nat ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.