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Comparing Plant And Animal Cells
Comparing Plant And Animal Cells

... packages proteins, lipids and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell. lysosome - vesicles containing digestive enzymes. Where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place. mitochondrion - spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is i ...
Chapter 2 Structure of the Cell
Chapter 2 Structure of the Cell

... our bodies can grow, reproduce, process information, respond to stimuli and carry out an amazing array of chemical reactions. These abilities define life. Even simple unicellular organisms exhibit all the hallmark properties of life, indicating that the cell is the fundamental unit of life. § The Di ...
4 / Molecular and Cellular Biology - CNB-CSIC
4 / Molecular and Cellular Biology - CNB-CSIC

... individuals. The reason we pursue this endeavour is that non-genic variability is the basis of many pathophysiological processes such as cell differentiation, cellular responses to drugs, and even the execution of apoptotic programmes. Non-genetic phenotypic variability can be classified as intrinsi ...
the cell cycle
the cell cycle

... Three types of blood vessels from a network of tubes throughout the body to transport the blood. a) _____________________  Elastic blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart  Are under a great amount of pressure o Have thicker walls to withstand this ...
The Cell
The Cell

... most of the nucleic acids a cell makes, such as DNA and RNA. Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is the physical carrier of inheritance and DNA is restricted to the nucleus. Ribonucleic acid, RNA, is formed in the nucleus using the DNA base sequence as a template. RNA moves out into the cytoplasm where it f ...
File - Mrs. Allen CLMS
File - Mrs. Allen CLMS

... If there is a lot of water outside of the cell and very little inside, then the water goes from where to where? If there is a little water outside of the cell and a lot inside, then the water goes from where to where? ...
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Ch. 5 Cell Transport - Green Local Schools
Ch. 5 Cell Transport - Green Local Schools

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Cell City Project of
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Meiosis Notes - Brookwood High School
Meiosis Notes - Brookwood High School

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Specific Immunity
Specific Immunity

... – White Blood Cells called “B cells” are responsible for the production of antibodies. – Antibodies primarily defends against bacteria, bacterial toxins, and viruses that circulate freely in body fluids. ...
LNov5 genetransfer.ppt
LNov5 genetransfer.ppt

... A single strand of the donor chromosome begins to be transferred, starting at the origin of transfer. Gene A, closest to the origin, is transferred first. DNA synthesis creates complementary strands in both cells. ...
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... Osmosis and cells Plant and animal cells are surrounded by a partiallypermeable plasma membrane. This allows water and other small molecules to diffuse across. Plant cells additionally have a strong cell wall surrounding the membrane which offers support and protection. ...
eprint_1_17645_235
eprint_1_17645_235

... The bacteria are surrounding by rigid cell wall. The principle structural component of cell wall is peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan (PG) is complex of polysaccharide and polypeptide. Most bacteria are classified according to reaction of Gram stain with components of cell wall into major groups; Gram po ...
Notes Cell membrane and its Environment
Notes Cell membrane and its Environment

... Notes: Cell membrane and the Cell Environment: Cells must maintain a biological balance with its environment to survive. To do this cells achieve homeostasis by controlling and regulating what gets into and out of the cell. There can be limits on how much the cell can adjust. Understanding how molec ...
Levels of Organization
Levels of Organization

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The Home as a Model for the Cell – Part One
The Home as a Model for the Cell – Part One

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Ch. 4 Powerpoint Notes - Fulton County Schools
Ch. 4 Powerpoint Notes - Fulton County Schools

... collect water flowing in and pump it out to prevent them from over-expanding. •Salt water fish pump salt out of their specialized gills so they do not dehydrate. •Animal cells are bathed in blood. Kidneys keep the blood isotonic by remove excess salt and water. ...
Is it a Good Idea to upgrade our DNA
Is it a Good Idea to upgrade our DNA

... But Perry’s work added a unique flourish. He did the editing not in a one-cell mouse embryo – which is how most animal germ-line editing by Crispr has been done to date – but earlier, during the process of fertilisation, by injecting the Crispr components and the mouse sperm into the mouse egg at t ...
CELLS
CELLS

... repel charged molecules but allow lipid soluble molecules to pass easily. • Sugars need to be transported through a channel as well as charged ions such as H+, Na+, K+, Cl ...
Unit Cell
Unit Cell

... A crystal is an array of atoms packed together in a regular pattern. A unit cell of a pattern is a piece of the pattern which, when repeated through space without rotation and without gaps or overlaps, reconstructs the pattern to infinity. For filling space without holes, a unit cell must be either ...
Membrane Structure and Function
Membrane Structure and Function

... • Passive transport does not require energy from the cell • Diffusion – the tendency for molecules of any substance to spread out into the available space • Substances always diffuse down its concentration gradient – from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration • Diffusio ...
Case-It - South. Blot.
Case-It - South. Blot.

... The sickle cell mutation also eliminates a restriction enzyme site - the recognition site for the enzyme MstII. To detect the sickle cell mutation, a patient’s DNA is digested with MstII and a Southern blot is performed using a probe corresponding to this region of the hemoglobin gene. The presence ...
Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell
Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell

... scientists to see living cells Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)produce a 3-D image of a cell’s surface Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)produce a 2-D image of the inside of a cell **SEM and TEM do not allow scientists to see living cells, but they do magnify objects up to a million times** ...
Diffusion (Passive Transport)
Diffusion (Passive Transport)

... diffuse across membranes _______________ requiring the cell to use additional ____________________. The movement of materials across the cell membrane _____________ using cellular ______________ is called ________________ transport. Facilitated Diffusion (Passive Transport) Cell membranes have _____ ...
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Cellular differentiation



In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.
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