Document
... • „Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host“ (FAO/WHO, 2001) • Most of them are lactic acid bacteria, e.g. genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium • They improve the colon microbiota after antibiotic therapy, improve lactose into ...
... • „Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host“ (FAO/WHO, 2001) • Most of them are lactic acid bacteria, e.g. genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium • They improve the colon microbiota after antibiotic therapy, improve lactose into ...
Cell Structure and Function
... hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions (having two different affinities, as a polar end that is attracted to water and a nonpolar end that is repelled by it.) ...
... hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions (having two different affinities, as a polar end that is attracted to water and a nonpolar end that is repelled by it.) ...
Changes in lipid and protein constituents of rafts and caveolae in
... recent work has indicated that such changes occur also in association with the MDR phenomenon. Lavie and Cabot have shown that the precursor of all glycosphingolipids, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), is markedly elevated in various MDR cell lines, including MCF-7-AdrR, KB-V, and NIH:OVCAR-3, as compared ...
... recent work has indicated that such changes occur also in association with the MDR phenomenon. Lavie and Cabot have shown that the precursor of all glycosphingolipids, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), is markedly elevated in various MDR cell lines, including MCF-7-AdrR, KB-V, and NIH:OVCAR-3, as compared ...
CELL PARTS Chapter 4
... describe and give examples of chemical reactions required to sustain life (…role of enzymes) describe the relationship between structure and function explain how homeostasis is maintained within living systems; ...
... describe and give examples of chemical reactions required to sustain life (…role of enzymes) describe the relationship between structure and function explain how homeostasis is maintained within living systems; ...
Down regulation of gene-expression by N
... the transcription factor N-myc is dual: it can either activate transcription via dimerization with Max and binding to promoter elements (E-boxes) or repress transcription via a largely unknown mechanism. We used serial analysis of gene expression to identify which genes are down regulated by N-myc. ...
... the transcription factor N-myc is dual: it can either activate transcription via dimerization with Max and binding to promoter elements (E-boxes) or repress transcription via a largely unknown mechanism. We used serial analysis of gene expression to identify which genes are down regulated by N-myc. ...
C - Aptagen
... exposure to the TAMRA labeled G12 library. Mutant receptor cells, grown to 100% confluency in a 100 mm TPP tissue culture dish, were exposed to 0.06 µM TAMRA labeled G12 library in 3ml of binding buffer (0.1mg/ml yeast tRNA, 1mg/ml BSA in wash buffer) for 30 minutes at 370C. The unbound library was ...
... exposure to the TAMRA labeled G12 library. Mutant receptor cells, grown to 100% confluency in a 100 mm TPP tissue culture dish, were exposed to 0.06 µM TAMRA labeled G12 library in 3ml of binding buffer (0.1mg/ml yeast tRNA, 1mg/ml BSA in wash buffer) for 30 minutes at 370C. The unbound library was ...
The Endomembrane System - CM
... • Produces membrane components for membranebound organelles and plasma membrane, including integral and peripheral proteins © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • Produces membrane components for membranebound organelles and plasma membrane, including integral and peripheral proteins © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Morphological changes induced in bacteria as evaluated by electron
... Nowadays, there are several known bacterial mutants resistant to all available antibiotics [1, 2]. The increased prevalence of pathogens causing opportunistic infections in humans and animals underscores the imperative need to develop new and effective biocides. Since 1946, several papers were publi ...
... Nowadays, there are several known bacterial mutants resistant to all available antibiotics [1, 2]. The increased prevalence of pathogens causing opportunistic infections in humans and animals underscores the imperative need to develop new and effective biocides. Since 1946, several papers were publi ...
Integr. Comp. Biol., 43:55–63 Epithelium—the primary building block
... definition, specifying mesenchymal-epithelial interactions, is the only one that conserves the highest information content—anything short of this robs the term of both evolutionary and developmental meaning. In the embryonic development of an organ, an epithelium and a mesenchyme induce each other t ...
... definition, specifying mesenchymal-epithelial interactions, is the only one that conserves the highest information content—anything short of this robs the term of both evolutionary and developmental meaning. In the embryonic development of an organ, an epithelium and a mesenchyme induce each other t ...
Shoebox Cell
... Shoebox Cell You will work in groups of two or three. You may choose your own group. This will be an on-going project. There will be several dates in which different pieces of the shoebox are due. You may revise parts of your shoebox throughout, but you may not copy other groups. You may work on thi ...
... Shoebox Cell You will work in groups of two or three. You may choose your own group. This will be an on-going project. There will be several dates in which different pieces of the shoebox are due. You may revise parts of your shoebox throughout, but you may not copy other groups. You may work on thi ...
Initiation of intracellular offspring in Epulopiscium
... start of asymmetric division cells with bipolar septa appear, indicating that division occurs sequentially at the two poles (Pogliano et al., 1999). Similarly, in sporulating M. polyspora, we have observed cells with either a single polar Z ring or a single polar septum although almost all cells eve ...
... start of asymmetric division cells with bipolar septa appear, indicating that division occurs sequentially at the two poles (Pogliano et al., 1999). Similarly, in sporulating M. polyspora, we have observed cells with either a single polar Z ring or a single polar septum although almost all cells eve ...
Text S1.
... pTAK117, transformed into XL1-Blue host cells and the recombinants with minC in the sense orientation were identified using a simple phenotypic screen. Briefly, plasmid DNA was isolated from putative recombinant clones (irrespective of the orientation of the cloned minC coding sequence) and indepen ...
... pTAK117, transformed into XL1-Blue host cells and the recombinants with minC in the sense orientation were identified using a simple phenotypic screen. Briefly, plasmid DNA was isolated from putative recombinant clones (irrespective of the orientation of the cloned minC coding sequence) and indepen ...
Proteasome function is required for activation of programmed cell
... Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically regulated process required for normal development and adaptation to a variety of stresses both in plants and in animals [1,2]. In contrast to the animal system, signalling pathways and molecular mechanism of PCD are largely unknown in plants. This applies ...
... Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically regulated process required for normal development and adaptation to a variety of stresses both in plants and in animals [1,2]. In contrast to the animal system, signalling pathways and molecular mechanism of PCD are largely unknown in plants. This applies ...
Unit III - Cells - Lesson Module
... All living things are composed of one or more cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure of all living things. ○ The lowest level of structure capable of performing all the activities of life is the cell. ○ A unicellular organism is composed of one cell and all of life’s activities occur within th ...
... All living things are composed of one or more cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure of all living things. ○ The lowest level of structure capable of performing all the activities of life is the cell. ○ A unicellular organism is composed of one cell and all of life’s activities occur within th ...
PowerPoint
... • Amount of NT released at axon terminal is to AP frequency • One AP does not change ion conc. gradients ...
... • Amount of NT released at axon terminal is to AP frequency • One AP does not change ion conc. gradients ...
Planar patch-clamp force microscopy on living cells
... have some significant differences in the arrangement of their membrane compared to the HEK cells. Guided from their elastic response, when indenting the cells, we believe that the anchorage of the Jurkat cell membrane to the cytoskeleton is weaker and therefore might allow for larger voltage-induced ...
... have some significant differences in the arrangement of their membrane compared to the HEK cells. Guided from their elastic response, when indenting the cells, we believe that the anchorage of the Jurkat cell membrane to the cytoskeleton is weaker and therefore might allow for larger voltage-induced ...
Molecular Genetics for the Practicing Physician
... Cluster 1: CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP) low; Cluster 2: CIMP negative; Cluster 3: CIMP positive ...
... Cluster 1: CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP) low; Cluster 2: CIMP negative; Cluster 3: CIMP positive ...
guldenN14
... zone. In some species, however, additional progenitor populations take up residence adjacent to the ventricular zone, in another proliferative region called the subventricular zone (SVZ)3–7. These cell types, including outer radial glia, have been implicated in the expansion of the neocortex of huma ...
... zone. In some species, however, additional progenitor populations take up residence adjacent to the ventricular zone, in another proliferative region called the subventricular zone (SVZ)3–7. These cell types, including outer radial glia, have been implicated in the expansion of the neocortex of huma ...
system to Yeast as a model system to study aging mechanisms
... • in-expensive growth media • convenient growth conditions • non-pathogenic, so can be handled with few precautions • highly versatile DNA transformation system • can be maintained in stable haploid and diploid states that facilitate genetic analyses • novel techniques (2-hybrid, Yeast Artificial Ch ...
... • in-expensive growth media • convenient growth conditions • non-pathogenic, so can be handled with few precautions • highly versatile DNA transformation system • can be maintained in stable haploid and diploid states that facilitate genetic analyses • novel techniques (2-hybrid, Yeast Artificial Ch ...
Bacteria
... – Acts like mitochondria in cells – Contains enzymes that speed up cellular respiration ...
... – Acts like mitochondria in cells – Contains enzymes that speed up cellular respiration ...
Differential Expression of Four Connexin Genes, Cx-26, Cx
... members of a growing multigene family; at present, 12 different genes in mammals have been identified that code for different members of the connexin family (1, 2). Some connexins have been cloned from multiple species, and their sequences have turned out to be fairly conserved throughout the specie ...
... members of a growing multigene family; at present, 12 different genes in mammals have been identified that code for different members of the connexin family (1, 2). Some connexins have been cloned from multiple species, and their sequences have turned out to be fairly conserved throughout the specie ...
Cell Communication
... • Caffeine has many effects on the body, but the most noticeable is that it keeps us awake. • The caffeine molecule is large and polar, so it doesn’t diffuse easily across the cell membrane. • Instead it binds to receptors on the surfaces of nerve cells in the brain. ...
... • Caffeine has many effects on the body, but the most noticeable is that it keeps us awake. • The caffeine molecule is large and polar, so it doesn’t diffuse easily across the cell membrane. • Instead it binds to receptors on the surfaces of nerve cells in the brain. ...
Curcumin
... to decrease the cytoproliferative activity are comparable with concentrations necessary to achieve 50% cytotoxicity. Among the set of aroma compounds studied, curcumin and were shown to possess the strongest cytotoxic properties (15.0±5.0 μM and 16.5±6.7 μM, respectively). Low cytotoxicity and influ ...
... to decrease the cytoproliferative activity are comparable with concentrations necessary to achieve 50% cytotoxicity. Among the set of aroma compounds studied, curcumin and were shown to possess the strongest cytotoxic properties (15.0±5.0 μM and 16.5±6.7 μM, respectively). Low cytotoxicity and influ ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.