Studies of vacuolar trafficking pathways regulated by RAB5 and
... exchange on both conventional and plant-unique RAB5 proteins. The A. thaliana genome contains another gene encoding a VPS9 domain-containing protein, VPS9b, but VPS9b expression is not detected in vegetative tissues. Thus, VPS9a is practically the sole GEF for RAB5s in vegetative developmental stage ...
... exchange on both conventional and plant-unique RAB5 proteins. The A. thaliana genome contains another gene encoding a VPS9 domain-containing protein, VPS9b, but VPS9b expression is not detected in vegetative tissues. Thus, VPS9a is practically the sole GEF for RAB5s in vegetative developmental stage ...
Student Edition Sample Chapter (3MB PDF)
... information on how to make the cell’s proteins. You might say it’s kind of like a recipe book. ...
... information on how to make the cell’s proteins. You might say it’s kind of like a recipe book. ...
Cellular Respiration, burning the fuel of life - Jocha
... 1. All cells in your body do cellular respiration, and all eukaryotic organisms do it basically in the same way. Where in the cell does cellular respiration take place? 2. What is the main goal of cellular respiration? 3. Organisms that can and cannot make their own food receive specific names, whic ...
... 1. All cells in your body do cellular respiration, and all eukaryotic organisms do it basically in the same way. Where in the cell does cellular respiration take place? 2. What is the main goal of cellular respiration? 3. Organisms that can and cannot make their own food receive specific names, whic ...
Cell Cycle Control in the Fission Yeast
... similarities to the cdcl0 reading frame but there are a number of interesting comparisons with respect to cdc2. About 20% homology at the amino acid level is seen with cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase and several other putative protein kinases in the src family of oncogenes. A higher level of hom ...
... similarities to the cdcl0 reading frame but there are a number of interesting comparisons with respect to cdc2. About 20% homology at the amino acid level is seen with cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase and several other putative protein kinases in the src family of oncogenes. A higher level of hom ...
Collagenase - Thermo Fisher Scientific
... disaggregation. Collagenase is a protease with specificity for the bond between a neutral amino acid (X) and glycine in the sequence Pro-XGly-Pro. This sequence is found in high frequency in collagen. Collagenase is unique among proteases in its ability to degrade the triplehelical native collagen f ...
... disaggregation. Collagenase is a protease with specificity for the bond between a neutral amino acid (X) and glycine in the sequence Pro-XGly-Pro. This sequence is found in high frequency in collagen. Collagenase is unique among proteases in its ability to degrade the triplehelical native collagen f ...
Intracellular-volume measurements of wheat
... The effect of illumination on TPMP+ ( + T P B - ) and Rb' accumulation by protoplasts, compared with dark controls, is presented in Fig. la. From this one may see that in the light there was an initial, significant increase in the TPMP+ (+TPB- ) accumulation ratio. After I2min, however, the value ha ...
... The effect of illumination on TPMP+ ( + T P B - ) and Rb' accumulation by protoplasts, compared with dark controls, is presented in Fig. la. From this one may see that in the light there was an initial, significant increase in the TPMP+ (+TPB- ) accumulation ratio. After I2min, however, the value ha ...
The possible involvement of protein synthesis in the
... usually completed within 60 min. By contrast, when the host cells were pre-incubated with the drugs for 60 rnin at 37 "C prior to infection, the extent of DNA injection decreased with increasing drug concentration. The concentrations of drug required to decrease the number of ghost phages by half we ...
... usually completed within 60 min. By contrast, when the host cells were pre-incubated with the drugs for 60 rnin at 37 "C prior to infection, the extent of DNA injection decreased with increasing drug concentration. The concentrations of drug required to decrease the number of ghost phages by half we ...
A Diffusible Signal from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Elicits a
... The generation of a transient Ca21 elevation after perception of the rhizobial signaling molecule Nod factor is documented as one of the earliest plant responses in legume-rhizobia association (Cardenas et al., 2000). Oscillations in cytosolic free Ca21 concentration ([Ca21]cyt) have been observed i ...
... The generation of a transient Ca21 elevation after perception of the rhizobial signaling molecule Nod factor is documented as one of the earliest plant responses in legume-rhizobia association (Cardenas et al., 2000). Oscillations in cytosolic free Ca21 concentration ([Ca21]cyt) have been observed i ...
3:2
... –A network of thin, fibrous materials that act as a scaffold and support the organelles. –Microtubules – hollow filaments of protein. –Microfilaments – solid filaments of protein. ...
... –A network of thin, fibrous materials that act as a scaffold and support the organelles. –Microtubules – hollow filaments of protein. –Microfilaments – solid filaments of protein. ...
Functions of AP1 (Fos/Jun) in bone development
... and CREB families of proteins are also part of AP1 complexes. AP1 converts extracellular signals into changes in the expression of specific target genes, which harbour AP1 binding site(s) in their promoter or enhancer regions. The activity of AP1 is modulated by interactions with other transcription ...
... and CREB families of proteins are also part of AP1 complexes. AP1 converts extracellular signals into changes in the expression of specific target genes, which harbour AP1 binding site(s) in their promoter or enhancer regions. The activity of AP1 is modulated by interactions with other transcription ...
Endosymbiosis: Eukaryotes and their Organelles
... variation in size and organization, genetic information supports that it only has one origin, so the answer to the question is “no.” I feel like you keep revisiting the same story of these endosymbiotic events. The past two paragraphs seem to be discussing the same idea, cells engulfing other cells. ...
... variation in size and organization, genetic information supports that it only has one origin, so the answer to the question is “no.” I feel like you keep revisiting the same story of these endosymbiotic events. The past two paragraphs seem to be discussing the same idea, cells engulfing other cells. ...
Bud Formation by the Yeast Saccharomyces
... Strain A 12-34 carries a mutation in the CDC28 gene (the activity of which defines start ; reference 6) and the cdc4-6 mutation. When exponentially growing cells of this strain were shifted to the nonpermissive temperature, most cells were arrested at start as unbudded cells, while some cells in the ...
... Strain A 12-34 carries a mutation in the CDC28 gene (the activity of which defines start ; reference 6) and the cdc4-6 mutation. When exponentially growing cells of this strain were shifted to the nonpermissive temperature, most cells were arrested at start as unbudded cells, while some cells in the ...
Infrared spectroscopic study of bryostatin 1
... Previous studies on intact cells have shown that bryostatin 1 (Bryo 1) induces significant alterations in the membranes of WSU-CLL cells (a drug-resistant B-CLL cell line), changes which may play an important role in the mechanism of reduced drug resistance of B-CLL cells to 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine ( ...
... Previous studies on intact cells have shown that bryostatin 1 (Bryo 1) induces significant alterations in the membranes of WSU-CLL cells (a drug-resistant B-CLL cell line), changes which may play an important role in the mechanism of reduced drug resistance of B-CLL cells to 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine ( ...
The Cell Membrane
... integral proteins penetrate lipid bilayer, usually across whole membrane transmembrane protein ex: transport proteins ...
... integral proteins penetrate lipid bilayer, usually across whole membrane transmembrane protein ex: transport proteins ...
1 (a)
... activities during apoptosis in cells. kinases are employed in cell growth and differentiation which play a major role in cancer development and progression. These pathways and effects of inhibitors on them have been studied using SILAC. Cellular functions are mediated by several protein complexes th ...
... activities during apoptosis in cells. kinases are employed in cell growth and differentiation which play a major role in cancer development and progression. These pathways and effects of inhibitors on them have been studied using SILAC. Cellular functions are mediated by several protein complexes th ...
Populus endobetamannanase PtrMAN6 plays a role in coordinating
... In higher plants, cell walls (CWs) make up the bodily structure and stockpile the majority of photosynthesisfixed carbon and solar energy. CWs can be generally classified into the primary cell wall (PCW) and secondary cell wall (SCW), which are formed through different processes and are regulated vi ...
... In higher plants, cell walls (CWs) make up the bodily structure and stockpile the majority of photosynthesisfixed carbon and solar energy. CWs can be generally classified into the primary cell wall (PCW) and secondary cell wall (SCW), which are formed through different processes and are regulated vi ...
Science and Nature Series Cells
... • Clue 1: Special body parts detect and respond to changes in the organism’s environment. This stimulus can be sound, taste, sight or touch. • Clue 2: provides materials for building, maintaining and repairing body tissues, and energy to support other life processes. • Clue 3: The ability or tendenc ...
... • Clue 1: Special body parts detect and respond to changes in the organism’s environment. This stimulus can be sound, taste, sight or touch. • Clue 2: provides materials for building, maintaining and repairing body tissues, and energy to support other life processes. • Clue 3: The ability or tendenc ...
Isolation of N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-Alanine Amidase Gene (amiB) from
... When V. anguillarum is taken up by marine fish, the bacterial cells should encounter an acidic environment and survive during passage through the stomach. They finally attach and colonize within the intestine of the fish. In V. cholerae, the expression level of heat-shock proteins changes in order t ...
... When V. anguillarum is taken up by marine fish, the bacterial cells should encounter an acidic environment and survive during passage through the stomach. They finally attach and colonize within the intestine of the fish. In V. cholerae, the expression level of heat-shock proteins changes in order t ...
Nanomechanics of superbugs and superdrugs
... in understanding how drugs work on targets such as the bacterial cell wall, a vital evolutionarily conserved feature of virtually all bacteria, which confers mechanical strength and is key to their survival. The cell wall is a crosslinked peptidoglycan matrix that protects bacteria from harsh extern ...
... in understanding how drugs work on targets such as the bacterial cell wall, a vital evolutionarily conserved feature of virtually all bacteria, which confers mechanical strength and is key to their survival. The cell wall is a crosslinked peptidoglycan matrix that protects bacteria from harsh extern ...
10.2 Process of Cell Division
... The genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by chromosomes. Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins. Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information. Cells of every organism have a specific number of ...
... The genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by chromosomes. Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins. Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information. Cells of every organism have a specific number of ...
Mammalian cells are not synchronized in G1-phase by
... examples may suffice. In one paper (Pellegata et al. 1996), the methods section states that ‘Synchronized cell populations were obtained by release from confluence/serum deprivationinduced G0 arrest’. In another paper (Lindeman et al. 1997), ‘cells were arrested in G0 by serum starvation for 72 h an ...
... examples may suffice. In one paper (Pellegata et al. 1996), the methods section states that ‘Synchronized cell populations were obtained by release from confluence/serum deprivationinduced G0 arrest’. In another paper (Lindeman et al. 1997), ‘cells were arrested in G0 by serum starvation for 72 h an ...
Biology
... Use of microscope to observe movement of water in plants and to compare sizes of various types of cells Examination under the microscope an animal cell (e.g. from frog’s blood) and a plant cell (e.g. from onion epidermis), using an appropriate temporary staining technique, such as iodine or methylen ...
... Use of microscope to observe movement of water in plants and to compare sizes of various types of cells Examination under the microscope an animal cell (e.g. from frog’s blood) and a plant cell (e.g. from onion epidermis), using an appropriate temporary staining technique, such as iodine or methylen ...
Stem Cells of the Hair Follicular Tissue: Application in Cell Based
... population that does not contain visible melanin pigment but can be distinguished morphologically from surrounding keratinocytes in the outer root sheath (ORS) of human hair follicles 3 weeks following ionizing irradiation. In the clinic, skin repigmentation, in vitiligo, an acquired pigmentary diso ...
... population that does not contain visible melanin pigment but can be distinguished morphologically from surrounding keratinocytes in the outer root sheath (ORS) of human hair follicles 3 weeks following ionizing irradiation. In the clinic, skin repigmentation, in vitiligo, an acquired pigmentary diso ...
Physiologic factors related to drug absorption
... a) Simple squamous epithelium. This forms a thin layer of flattened cells and consequently is relatively permeable. This type of epithelium lines most of the blood vessels b) Simple columnar epithelium. A single layer of columnar cells is found in the epithelium of organs such as the stomach and sma ...
... a) Simple squamous epithelium. This forms a thin layer of flattened cells and consequently is relatively permeable. This type of epithelium lines most of the blood vessels b) Simple columnar epithelium. A single layer of columnar cells is found in the epithelium of organs such as the stomach and sma ...
Ordinal Position of Neurons in Cat Striate Cortex
... their ordinal or serial position in the processing sequence. The latency of orthodromic activation by electrical stimulation at various sites along the retinostriate pathway was employed to assess the ordinal position of striate neurons. This method has been used previously by a number of authors, b ...
... their ordinal or serial position in the processing sequence. The latency of orthodromic activation by electrical stimulation at various sites along the retinostriate pathway was employed to assess the ordinal position of striate neurons. This method has been used previously by a number of authors, b ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.