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Cells
Cells

... CELLS ...
Cell Organelles
Cell Organelles

... Cell Organelles Organelle= “little organ” Found only inside eukaryotic cells All the stuff in between the organelles is cytosol Liquid in a cell is cytoplasm ...
Topic 2: Cells - Cerebralenhancementzone
Topic 2: Cells - Cerebralenhancementzone

... It has taken several hundred years of research to formulate modern cell theory. Many scientists have contributed to developing the three main principles of this theory. These are:  All organisms are composed of one or more cells.  Cells are the smallest units of life.  All cells come from pre-exi ...
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Monera

... Archaebacteria - Found in anaerobic conditions with high [salt], high temperature, and low pH. These are believed to be the conditions on the early Earth. Earth?s early atmosphere did not contain oxygen. The earliest organisms were anaerobic. ii. Eubacteria - This group includes the traditional bact ...
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... 21. When you pour salt in a glass of water, at first it doesn’t taste salty. Later, it tastes very salty. What process is taking place? Is it passive or active transport? Diffusion; passive ...
“Life is like a box of chocolates: you never know what you are going
“Life is like a box of chocolates: you never know what you are going

... the surprises in life and surprises in the kinds of chocolate that is packaged inside the box. Other than the surprises that come in both life and chocolates, the two do not have much in common. This comparison of similarity between two normally non-similar things is called an analogy. Analogies are ...
Name__________________________ Date_______________
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013368718X_CH10_143

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Biology AP
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... Understand the importance of selective permeability in biological systems. Know the function of each of the four major components of a cell membrane. Differentiate among diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and active transport. Describe the six classes of membrane proteins and how each perfor ...
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... to make and interpret figures, charts, and graphs Current techniques that are utilized in a modern Molecular Biology research laboratory. Practical skills taught include monitoring bacterial growth, phenotype testing of bacterial strains, plasmid DNA isolation, restriction digest analysis, DNA cloni ...
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Biology worksheet for class IX

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Cellular differentiation



In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.
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