The Sinorhizobium meliloti sensor histidine kinase
... Sinorhizobium meliloti is alternately capable of colonizing the soil as a free-living bacterium or establishing a chronic intracellular infection with its legume host for the purpose of nitrogen fixation. We previously identified the S. meliloti two-component sensor histidine kinase CbrA as playing ...
... Sinorhizobium meliloti is alternately capable of colonizing the soil as a free-living bacterium or establishing a chronic intracellular infection with its legume host for the purpose of nitrogen fixation. We previously identified the S. meliloti two-component sensor histidine kinase CbrA as playing ...
Ubiquitin Found to Mark Pathogen-Containing Vacuoles
... vacuoles for destruction by using a molecule called ubiquitin, commonly known as the "kiss of death." The finding could lead to new therapeutic strategies to boost the immune system's response to the pathogens responsible for a long list of human ailments, including tuberculosis, salmonella, chlamyd ...
... vacuoles for destruction by using a molecule called ubiquitin, commonly known as the "kiss of death." The finding could lead to new therapeutic strategies to boost the immune system's response to the pathogens responsible for a long list of human ailments, including tuberculosis, salmonella, chlamyd ...
Classification: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES: Medical Sciences
... capture a hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve and a standard deviation curve as a function of oxygen partial pressure. At each oxygen partial pressure, we can retrieve a full distribution of single cell oxygen saturation and observe its correlation to total hemoglobin concentration. In addition, us ...
... capture a hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve and a standard deviation curve as a function of oxygen partial pressure. At each oxygen partial pressure, we can retrieve a full distribution of single cell oxygen saturation and observe its correlation to total hemoglobin concentration. In addition, us ...
Thrombin Activation of S-Phase Reentry by Cultured
... form lentoid bodies in vitro, despite the fact that only dorsal cells participate in lens regeneration in vivo. As serum also contains mitogenic growth factors, we wanted to see whether purified growth factors could induce S-phase reentry of PEC. We tested three different growth factors, EGF, PDGF-C ...
... form lentoid bodies in vitro, despite the fact that only dorsal cells participate in lens regeneration in vivo. As serum also contains mitogenic growth factors, we wanted to see whether purified growth factors could induce S-phase reentry of PEC. We tested three different growth factors, EGF, PDGF-C ...
Autophagy in Stem Cell Maintenance and Differentiation
... Moreover, considering that some amino acids generated through the autophagic pathway may be used for protein synthesis, or even further processed in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in order to provide intermediates that can be converted into nucleotides and sterols [16], it is tempting to specula ...
... Moreover, considering that some amino acids generated through the autophagic pathway may be used for protein synthesis, or even further processed in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in order to provide intermediates that can be converted into nucleotides and sterols [16], it is tempting to specula ...
Lamin proteins form an internal nucleoskeleton as well as a
... minute treatments) in ice-cold physiological buffer (PB), washed in PB and ~90% of the chromatin was removed by treatment with EcoRI + HaeIII followed by electrophoresis as described by Hozák et al. (1993). HeLa cells in G2 phase were also collected 20 hours after release of a nitrous oxide block us ...
... minute treatments) in ice-cold physiological buffer (PB), washed in PB and ~90% of the chromatin was removed by treatment with EcoRI + HaeIII followed by electrophoresis as described by Hozák et al. (1993). HeLa cells in G2 phase were also collected 20 hours after release of a nitrous oxide block us ...
Molecular anatomy of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell
... Antigen-specific CD8 + T cells are required for the clearance of most viral infections and several cancers. However, it is not clear in vivo whether CD8 + T cells can engage multiple targets simultaneously, engagement results in the formation of an immunologic synapse or molecules involved in CD8 fu ...
... Antigen-specific CD8 + T cells are required for the clearance of most viral infections and several cancers. However, it is not clear in vivo whether CD8 + T cells can engage multiple targets simultaneously, engagement results in the formation of an immunologic synapse or molecules involved in CD8 fu ...
Research Project Final Report
... SID 5 (Research Project Final Report) is designed to capture the information on the results and outputs of Defra-funded research in a format that is easily publishable through the Defra website. A SID 5 must be completed for all projects. ...
... SID 5 (Research Project Final Report) is designed to capture the information on the results and outputs of Defra-funded research in a format that is easily publishable through the Defra website. A SID 5 must be completed for all projects. ...
Non-genetic heterogeneity of cells in development: more than just
... Non-genetic heterogeneity of cells in development: more than just noise Cell-to-cell variability of gene expression in clonal populations of mammalian cells is ubiquitous. However, because molecular biologists habitually assume uniformity of the cell populations that serve as starting material for e ...
... Non-genetic heterogeneity of cells in development: more than just noise Cell-to-cell variability of gene expression in clonal populations of mammalian cells is ubiquitous. However, because molecular biologists habitually assume uniformity of the cell populations that serve as starting material for e ...
insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and their functions
... the cell surface. IGFBP-5 binds to extracellular matrix and IGFBP-3 interacts with membrane glycosaminoglycans. Cell-associated IGFBPs show lower affinity to IGFs and potentiate IGFs effects (HOSSNER et al. 1997). Proteolysis of IGFBP-3, -4 and -5 decreases their affinity to IGF-I for 50-100-fold. I ...
... the cell surface. IGFBP-5 binds to extracellular matrix and IGFBP-3 interacts with membrane glycosaminoglycans. Cell-associated IGFBPs show lower affinity to IGFs and potentiate IGFs effects (HOSSNER et al. 1997). Proteolysis of IGFBP-3, -4 and -5 decreases their affinity to IGF-I for 50-100-fold. I ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... Lysosomes are small organelles filled with enzymes. Lysosomes break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. Lysosomes also break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness. Slide 23 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Lysosomes are small organelles filled with enzymes. Lysosomes break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. Lysosomes also break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness. Slide 23 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Parallels between tissue repair and embryo morphogenesis
... machinery is required if the organism is wounded, in order to replace missing tissues and repair the wound. Recent studies have revealed significant parallels between how tissues are built during development and how they are rebuilt during tissue repair episodes. This review outlines these parallels ...
... machinery is required if the organism is wounded, in order to replace missing tissues and repair the wound. Recent studies have revealed significant parallels between how tissues are built during development and how they are rebuilt during tissue repair episodes. This review outlines these parallels ...
Developmentally Controlled Farnesylation
... is determined by the b-subunits of each enzyme through sequence-specific recognition of the C-terminal CaaX box motif in substrate proteins (Yalovsky et al., 1999; Sinensky, 2000). Specific inhibitors of PFT or PGGT-I inhibit progression of the cell cycle in plant and animal cells, indicating that p ...
... is determined by the b-subunits of each enzyme through sequence-specific recognition of the C-terminal CaaX box motif in substrate proteins (Yalovsky et al., 1999; Sinensky, 2000). Specific inhibitors of PFT or PGGT-I inhibit progression of the cell cycle in plant and animal cells, indicating that p ...
Solubilization and Analysis of Mannoprotein Molecules from The
... periplasmic invertase molecules. Besides this, the fact that the activity of lytic enzymes on glucan for the purpose of obtaining protoplasts is facilitated by previous treatment of intact cells with proteases or reducing agents (Vrganskh et ul., 1977; Santos et ul., 1981)points to an internal locat ...
... periplasmic invertase molecules. Besides this, the fact that the activity of lytic enzymes on glucan for the purpose of obtaining protoplasts is facilitated by previous treatment of intact cells with proteases or reducing agents (Vrganskh et ul., 1977; Santos et ul., 1981)points to an internal locat ...
Determination of the Order of Gene Function in Yeast Nuclear Division Pathway Using cs and ts Mutants.
... cs-ts double mutants of blocking the function of two gene products independently. If one incubates cells at the high nonpermissive temperature (during which the gene bearing the ts mutation fails to function), allows the cell cycle to arrest, and then shifts to the low nonpermissive temperature (dur ...
... cs-ts double mutants of blocking the function of two gene products independently. If one incubates cells at the high nonpermissive temperature (during which the gene bearing the ts mutation fails to function), allows the cell cycle to arrest, and then shifts to the low nonpermissive temperature (dur ...
Mesoderm induction in Xenopus laevis:responding
... epidermal differentiation in more detail. We find that this is a dose-dependent phenomenon that can occur in single cells in the absence of cell division. Animal pole blastomeres become more difficult to divert from epidermal differentiation at later stages of development and by stage 12 they are 'd ...
... epidermal differentiation in more detail. We find that this is a dose-dependent phenomenon that can occur in single cells in the absence of cell division. Animal pole blastomeres become more difficult to divert from epidermal differentiation at later stages of development and by stage 12 they are 'd ...
further characterization of the f1-histone
... DEAE-Sephadex and hydroxylapatite chromatography of KII phosphokinase activity obtained from Sephadex G-400 . (A) 2 .5 mg of KI1 was loaded on a 0 .9 X 12 cm column of DEAE-Sephadex in 0 .01 M Tris-HCI (pH 8.0), 0 .014 M /3-mercaptoethanol, and eluted with a 50 nil linear gradient of NaCl in the sam ...
... DEAE-Sephadex and hydroxylapatite chromatography of KII phosphokinase activity obtained from Sephadex G-400 . (A) 2 .5 mg of KI1 was loaded on a 0 .9 X 12 cm column of DEAE-Sephadex in 0 .01 M Tris-HCI (pH 8.0), 0 .014 M /3-mercaptoethanol, and eluted with a 50 nil linear gradient of NaCl in the sam ...
WWW.BROOKES.AC.UK/GO/RADAR
... common text book knowledge has been made by Pyke (2009): “In a leaf, the chloroplasts in the epidermal cells covering the leaf surface are significantly smaller and poorly developed compared with mesophyll chloroplasts, but do contain low levels of chlorophyll and should be considered as chloroplast ...
... common text book knowledge has been made by Pyke (2009): “In a leaf, the chloroplasts in the epidermal cells covering the leaf surface are significantly smaller and poorly developed compared with mesophyll chloroplasts, but do contain low levels of chlorophyll and should be considered as chloroplast ...
Chapter 28 Discovery and Classification of Glycan
... interactions between host cells and bacteria provide a normal mechanism of coexistence. Several bacterial species that are part of the normal gut flora including non-pathogen E. coli use adhesins to bind to glycolipids present on cells lining the ...
... interactions between host cells and bacteria provide a normal mechanism of coexistence. Several bacterial species that are part of the normal gut flora including non-pathogen E. coli use adhesins to bind to glycolipids present on cells lining the ...
Lymphoblastoid cell lines: a continuous in vitro source of
... A major segment of the available reports where EBV LCLs are used as a model system comprises of cytotoxicity and DNA damage/repair studies. Blue region in the graph represents reports where EBV LCLs are used as a model system for DNA damage repair studies (15%). Red region represents other cytotoxic ...
... A major segment of the available reports where EBV LCLs are used as a model system comprises of cytotoxicity and DNA damage/repair studies. Blue region in the graph represents reports where EBV LCLs are used as a model system for DNA damage repair studies (15%). Red region represents other cytotoxic ...
Using light to shape chemical gradients for parallel and automated
... et al, 2010). Despite many years of research, the molecular mechanisms responsible for spatial sensing have remained elusive. One challenge in the field has been that the response of cells to chemoattractant stimulation is complex and multifaceted. Cells respond by increasing their motility (chemoki ...
... et al, 2010). Despite many years of research, the molecular mechanisms responsible for spatial sensing have remained elusive. One challenge in the field has been that the response of cells to chemoattractant stimulation is complex and multifaceted. Cells respond by increasing their motility (chemoki ...
PLANT CELL WALL PROTEINS
... To date, however, most of the characterized genes and proteins derive from dicots; a few derive from monocots, gymnosperms, and green algae. Important resources for this evolutionary approach are members of the green algae class Chlorophyceae, such as Chlamydomonas and Volvox, which also contain cel ...
... To date, however, most of the characterized genes and proteins derive from dicots; a few derive from monocots, gymnosperms, and green algae. Important resources for this evolutionary approach are members of the green algae class Chlorophyceae, such as Chlamydomonas and Volvox, which also contain cel ...
A Mechanism for Asymmetric Cell Division Resulting in Proliferative
... On the basis of this result, we used site-directed mutagenesis to identify AKT1 domains that might be required for its partial suppression during asymmetric division. We created a series of AKT1 cDNA constructs with mutations in critical amino acids known to be important for various aspects of AKT1 ...
... On the basis of this result, we used site-directed mutagenesis to identify AKT1 domains that might be required for its partial suppression during asymmetric division. We created a series of AKT1 cDNA constructs with mutations in critical amino acids known to be important for various aspects of AKT1 ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).