Sampathkumar-2011-Live Cell Imaging Re - Max
... Reports of AF and MT associations in plants are scarce, but are supported by imaging of fixed tissues, pharmacological studies, and the existence of common binding partners (Collings, 2008). In fixed tissues, fine transverse AFs have been observed as an ordered array, reminiscent of the transverse a ...
... Reports of AF and MT associations in plants are scarce, but are supported by imaging of fixed tissues, pharmacological studies, and the existence of common binding partners (Collings, 2008). In fixed tissues, fine transverse AFs have been observed as an ordered array, reminiscent of the transverse a ...
Polarity Control of Spindle Positioning in the C. elegans Embryo
... examples of niche-dependent asymmetric divisions. The mechanisms that control these divisions differ from the focus of this chapter and are therefore not discussed. Insight obtained in C. elegans studies has substantially contributed to the molecular understanding of asymmetric divisions in mammals, ...
... examples of niche-dependent asymmetric divisions. The mechanisms that control these divisions differ from the focus of this chapter and are therefore not discussed. Insight obtained in C. elegans studies has substantially contributed to the molecular understanding of asymmetric divisions in mammals, ...
Mitochondria use actin filaments as rails for fast translocation in
... mitochondria moving slowly along microtubules (0.220.05 m m s1), while in our study, mitochondria movement along microtubules was less than our limit of detection (0.3 m m s1). In any case, our in vivo study shows that mitochondria and peroxisomes in Arabidopsis and tobacco move quickly and over ...
... mitochondria moving slowly along microtubules (0.220.05 m m s1), while in our study, mitochondria movement along microtubules was less than our limit of detection (0.3 m m s1). In any case, our in vivo study shows that mitochondria and peroxisomes in Arabidopsis and tobacco move quickly and over ...
Organisation of Xenopus oocyte and egg cortices
... putative RNA-binding protein related to the Drosophila germ plasm component nanos, Xdaz1 is a functional homolog of Drosophila boule (Houston et al., 1998), and Xpat transcripts segregate with germ plasm and then with primordial germ cells during early development (Hudson and Woodland, 1998). Other ...
... putative RNA-binding protein related to the Drosophila germ plasm component nanos, Xdaz1 is a functional homolog of Drosophila boule (Houston et al., 1998), and Xpat transcripts segregate with germ plasm and then with primordial germ cells during early development (Hudson and Woodland, 1998). Other ...
the Golgi Apparatus as the central station of the
... (Rambourg y Clermont, 1990) (Fig. 2). The morphologic polarity of the Golgi apparatus results in functional polarity and vectorial traffic. During this journey, the lipids and proteins passing through the Golgi undergo several sequential modifications determined by the molecular composition of the ...
... (Rambourg y Clermont, 1990) (Fig. 2). The morphologic polarity of the Golgi apparatus results in functional polarity and vectorial traffic. During this journey, the lipids and proteins passing through the Golgi undergo several sequential modifications determined by the molecular composition of the ...
Localization of the mei-1 Gene Product of
... The mitotic-defective mutations, which include ts, dominant gain-of-function (gf) alleles of mei-l(ct46) and mel26(ct61), and recessive loss-of-function alleles of zyg-9, are characterized by a shortened mitotic spindle in the posterior of the embryo, often with a dorsal-ventral orientation (Fig. 1; ...
... The mitotic-defective mutations, which include ts, dominant gain-of-function (gf) alleles of mei-l(ct46) and mel26(ct61), and recessive loss-of-function alleles of zyg-9, are characterized by a shortened mitotic spindle in the posterior of the embryo, often with a dorsal-ventral orientation (Fig. 1; ...
Strategies of actin reorganisation in plant cells
... between growth, shrinking and pausing phases (reviewed in Desai and Mitchison, 1997). The switch between phases usually occurs at the dynamic plus-end of microtubules depending on the nucleotide bound to the tubulin dimer and the activity of microtubule-binding proteins. The fundamental behaviour of ...
... between growth, shrinking and pausing phases (reviewed in Desai and Mitchison, 1997). The switch between phases usually occurs at the dynamic plus-end of microtubules depending on the nucleotide bound to the tubulin dimer and the activity of microtubule-binding proteins. The fundamental behaviour of ...
Molecular Components of the Bacterial Cytoskeleton
... proteins, and carries some of the catalytic residues for GTP hydrolysis (Nogales et al. 1998a). The tubulin proteins are GTPases, with the active site formed at the interface between subunits, using essential amino acid residues from both subunits. Thus, GTPase activity only occurs when two or more ...
... proteins, and carries some of the catalytic residues for GTP hydrolysis (Nogales et al. 1998a). The tubulin proteins are GTPases, with the active site formed at the interface between subunits, using essential amino acid residues from both subunits. Thus, GTPase activity only occurs when two or more ...
1-Tubulin mRNAs Are Specified by the First 13
... autoregulation onto a chimeric mRNA. We have previously shown (16) that insertion of a 106-base-pair segment of exon 1 of the chicken 132 tubulin gene (57 bases of 5'-untranslatedregion sequence and 49 coding nucleotides) into a chimeric gene composed of the mouse MT I promoter and an HSV tk gene bo ...
... autoregulation onto a chimeric mRNA. We have previously shown (16) that insertion of a 106-base-pair segment of exon 1 of the chicken 132 tubulin gene (57 bases of 5'-untranslatedregion sequence and 49 coding nucleotides) into a chimeric gene composed of the mouse MT I promoter and an HSV tk gene bo ...
ROLE OF SPINDLE MICROTUBULES IN THE
... are not assembled, do these events follow nuclear envelope breakdown at the normal time or are they delayed? (c) Cleavage: Does the egg cortex remain competent to form a furrow if mitosis is prolonged, or does the egg have to wait until the next cell cycle to cleave? (d) Progress through mitosis: Wh ...
... are not assembled, do these events follow nuclear envelope breakdown at the normal time or are they delayed? (c) Cleavage: Does the egg cortex remain competent to form a furrow if mitosis is prolonged, or does the egg have to wait until the next cell cycle to cleave? (d) Progress through mitosis: Wh ...
The Amoeboid Parabasalid Flagellate Gigantomonas herculeaof the
... including the flagella, the cresta and axostyle structures, and cytoplasmic organelles such as Golgi bodies, hydrogenosomes, bacteria inside vacuoles and many vesicles (Figs 13-15). Higher magnification shows that the cytoplasm of the peripheral zone is composed of a microfibrillar network, and also ...
... including the flagella, the cresta and axostyle structures, and cytoplasmic organelles such as Golgi bodies, hydrogenosomes, bacteria inside vacuoles and many vesicles (Figs 13-15). Higher magnification shows that the cytoplasm of the peripheral zone is composed of a microfibrillar network, and also ...
Actin microfilaments in fungi
... 1 pN (Kovar & Pollard 2004). Thus, when turgor is low or absent microfilaments could provide a protrusive force in a manner similar to that which is responsible for the extension of lamellipodia in animal cells (Heath & Steinberg 1999). Cables and filaments, in association with the ABP myosin, are l ...
... 1 pN (Kovar & Pollard 2004). Thus, when turgor is low or absent microfilaments could provide a protrusive force in a manner similar to that which is responsible for the extension of lamellipodia in animal cells (Heath & Steinberg 1999). Cables and filaments, in association with the ABP myosin, are l ...
Intrusive growth of flax phloem fibers is of intercalary type
... elongate considerably during their development and intrude between existing cells. We questioned whether fiber elongation is caused by cell tip growth or intercalary growth. Cells with tip growth are characterized by having two specific zones of cytoplasm in the cell tip, one with vesicles and no la ...
... elongate considerably during their development and intrude between existing cells. We questioned whether fiber elongation is caused by cell tip growth or intercalary growth. Cells with tip growth are characterized by having two specific zones of cytoplasm in the cell tip, one with vesicles and no la ...
Yeast Mutants Sensitive to Antimicrotubule Drugs Define Three Genes That Affect Microtubule Function.
... provides a URA3 gene for selection of UraCin yeast. Bacterial colonies carrying plasmids that had suffered insertions were pooled and plasmidDNA extracted. This DNAwas transformed into DBY3402 and Ura+ transformants were tested for benomyl resistance. The plasmidDNA from transformants that remained ...
... provides a URA3 gene for selection of UraCin yeast. Bacterial colonies carrying plasmids that had suffered insertions were pooled and plasmidDNA extracted. This DNAwas transformed into DBY3402 and Ura+ transformants were tested for benomyl resistance. The plasmidDNA from transformants that remained ...
Expansion of the phragmoplast during plant cytokinesis: a MAPK
... A coupling mechanism should exist between the events involved in cell-plate formation and the disassembly of phragmoplast MTs. Recent studies have suggested the involvement of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in the regulation of such a coupling mechanism [36–38,39••]. The MAPK casc ...
... A coupling mechanism should exist between the events involved in cell-plate formation and the disassembly of phragmoplast MTs. Recent studies have suggested the involvement of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in the regulation of such a coupling mechanism [36–38,39••]. The MAPK casc ...
Nup358 interacts with APC and plays a role in cell polarization
... The microtubule cytoskeleton plays pivotal roles in cell movement, intracellular trafficking, mitosis and cell polarity. Microtubules, which are polymers of α- and β-tubulin subunits, alternate stochastically between growth and shrinkage phases (Desai and Mitchison, 1997). These dynamic microtubules ...
... The microtubule cytoskeleton plays pivotal roles in cell movement, intracellular trafficking, mitosis and cell polarity. Microtubules, which are polymers of α- and β-tubulin subunits, alternate stochastically between growth and shrinkage phases (Desai and Mitchison, 1997). These dynamic microtubules ...
Get PDF file - Botanik in Bonn
... compartmentation of protein synthesis (53). Specialized bands of cortical MTs which help shape the secondary walls of plant cells are well known (174) even though the conditions which bring about these MT distributions are obscure; some perhaps, could involve self-organizing processes dependent upon ...
... compartmentation of protein synthesis (53). Specialized bands of cortical MTs which help shape the secondary walls of plant cells are well known (174) even though the conditions which bring about these MT distributions are obscure; some perhaps, could involve self-organizing processes dependent upon ...
Merotelic kinetochore orientation occurs frequently during early
... Journal of Cell Science 116, 4213-4225 © 2003 The Company of Biologists Ltd doi:10.1242/jcs.00716 ...
... Journal of Cell Science 116, 4213-4225 © 2003 The Company of Biologists Ltd doi:10.1242/jcs.00716 ...
Handout
... • Summary of microfilament-based structures: microvilli cell cortex stress fiber focal adhesion lamellipodium (leading edge) adhesion belt contractile ring ...
... • Summary of microfilament-based structures: microvilli cell cortex stress fiber focal adhesion lamellipodium (leading edge) adhesion belt contractile ring ...
Arabidopsis Kinetochore Fiber-Associated MAP65-4
... (Figure 3C). These experiments revealed that the N-terminal, the central, and the 3N domains independently contributed to the MT bundling activity, whereas the 3C domain did not (Figure 3). To discriminate between the amino acid sequences involved in MT bundling and MT binding in the 3N domain, we p ...
... (Figure 3C). These experiments revealed that the N-terminal, the central, and the 3N domains independently contributed to the MT bundling activity, whereas the 3C domain did not (Figure 3). To discriminate between the amino acid sequences involved in MT bundling and MT binding in the 3N domain, we p ...
Effect of n-butanol and cold pretreatment on the cytoskeleton and
... ubiquitin-26S proteosome system and autophagy (Alché et al. 2000; Maraschin et al. 2005b). In the next step, the nucleus moves from the periphery to the center of the microspore. Simultaneously, the vacuole is fragmented by cytoplasmic strands, creating the so-called star-like structure (reviewed by ...
... ubiquitin-26S proteosome system and autophagy (Alché et al. 2000; Maraschin et al. 2005b). In the next step, the nucleus moves from the periphery to the center of the microspore. Simultaneously, the vacuole is fragmented by cytoplasmic strands, creating the so-called star-like structure (reviewed by ...
Nucleolar targeting of BN46/51 - Journal of Cell Science
... 1971; Walsh, 1984). However it is not until some 20 minutes later, when the flagella have elongated to near their full length, that a large complex of CMT forms from the basal body region (Walsh, 1984). To characterize the non-tubulin components of the Naegleria ...
... 1971; Walsh, 1984). However it is not until some 20 minutes later, when the flagella have elongated to near their full length, that a large complex of CMT forms from the basal body region (Walsh, 1984). To characterize the non-tubulin components of the Naegleria ...
A missense mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans prohibitin 2 confers
... Fig. 2. Compound 4 binds tubulin but not PHB2. (A) Toxic 4 binds tubulin and nontoxic 5 does not. Preparations of purified tubulin, tubulin enriched in microtubule-associated proteins, and a HeLa cell lysate were incubated overnight with 5 M biotinylated hemiasterlin probes or an equal volume of t ...
... Fig. 2. Compound 4 binds tubulin but not PHB2. (A) Toxic 4 binds tubulin and nontoxic 5 does not. Preparations of purified tubulin, tubulin enriched in microtubule-associated proteins, and a HeLa cell lysate were incubated overnight with 5 M biotinylated hemiasterlin probes or an equal volume of t ...
Coordination of microtubule and microfilament dynamics by
... crosslinking activities raise the possibility that Capu and Spire regulate the onset of ooplasmic streaming by directly mediating coordination of actin assembly and microtubule architecture. Moreover, our finding that Rho1 relieves the inhibition of CapuFH2-mediated crosslinking by SpireD provides a ...
... crosslinking activities raise the possibility that Capu and Spire regulate the onset of ooplasmic streaming by directly mediating coordination of actin assembly and microtubule architecture. Moreover, our finding that Rho1 relieves the inhibition of CapuFH2-mediated crosslinking by SpireD provides a ...
The cortical cytoskeletal network and cell-wall
... timed and highly coordinated interactions of multiple subcellular components responding to internal developmental signals and environmental prompts (Fendrych et al., 2013). This entails significant investment of the endomembrane system, the secretory vesicle network, the endocytic network and the cy ...
... timed and highly coordinated interactions of multiple subcellular components responding to internal developmental signals and environmental prompts (Fendrych et al., 2013). This entails significant investment of the endomembrane system, the secretory vesicle network, the endocytic network and the cy ...
Microtubule
Microtubules (micro- + tube + -ule) are a component of the cytoskeleton, found throughout the cytoplasm. These tubular polymers of tubulin can grow as long as 50 micrometres and are highly dynamic. The outer diameter of a microtubule is about 24 nm while the inner diameter is about 12 nm. They are found in eukaryotic cells and are formed by the polymerization of a dimer of two globular proteins, alpha and beta tubulin.Microtubules are very important in a number of cellular processes. They are involved in maintaining the structure of the cell and, together with microfilaments and intermediate filaments, they form the cytoskeleton. They also make up the internal structure of cilia and flagella.They provide platforms for intracellular transport and are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including the movement of secretory vesicles, organelles, and intracellular macromolecular assemblies (see entries for dynein and kinesin). They are also involved in chromosome separation (mitosis and meiosis), and are the major constituents of mitotic spindles, which are used to pull apart eukaryotic chromosomes.Microtubules are nucleated and organized by microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs), such as the centrosome found in the center of many animal cells or the basal bodies found in cilia and flagella, or the spindle pole bodies found in fungi.There are many proteins that bind to microtubules, including the motor proteins kinesin and dynein, severing proteins like katanin, and other proteins important for regulating microtubule dynamics.