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Supplementary Information
Supplementary Information

... RNA extracted from each PDAC line and HPDE was subjected to expression profiling on the Agilent 4x44K Whole Genome Microarray, which measures expression levels for over 41,000 transcripts spanning ~30,000 genes. Arrays were conducted according to the Agilent protocol. Briefly, one microgram of total ...
Assessment Builder - Printer Friendly Version Name: Date: 1 The
Assessment Builder - Printer Friendly Version Name: Date: 1 The

... This technique used to analyze DNA directly results in (1) synthesizing large fragments of DNA (2) separating DNA fragments on the basis of size (3) producing genetically engineered DNA molecules (4) removing the larger DNA fragments from the samples ...
Lab/Activity: Prot
Lab/Activity: Prot

... gene. These types of mutations may cause only minor effects to the phenotype of an organism. But sometimes mutations can cause great changes to the gene and therefore greatly alter the protein that is made from that gene. This will likely have great effects on the organism, since the protein will no ...
DNA, chromosomes and Genes
DNA, chromosomes and Genes

... arises If the mutation generates an advantage for the individual over other individuals of the same species, then it may increase in frequency over generations K. Chamberlain 2008 ...
doc BIOL200 quiz 4 afternoon
doc BIOL200 quiz 4 afternoon

... is held together by hydrogen bonds between neighboring side-chains "R" of the polar amino acids ...
senior biology - School of Medical Sciences
senior biology - School of Medical Sciences

... Scientists have found more than 1000 different mutations of the CFTR gene; Some have little or no effect on CTFR function, while others cause cystic fibrosis on a spectrum that varies from mild to severe. Click on this link to view a database of all known mutations in the CFTR gene. http://www.gene ...
Special Topics in Genomics
Special Topics in Genomics

... interactions. FoxA1 regulation of differential transcriptional programs is subsequently achieved through transcriptional collaborations with cell typespecific (ERα and AR) as well as ubiquitously expressed (AP-1) transcription factors. ...
System approaches for complex diseases
System approaches for complex diseases

... Scrambled ...
DNA Microarray Analysis of Human Gene Expression Induced by a
DNA Microarray Analysis of Human Gene Expression Induced by a

... and is assumed to affect the expression of other genes53) although little is known about its target genes. The v-abl homolog 2 [39] gene product is expected to have a similar activity. Importin [42] supports the nuclear transport of many proteins containing histones, ribosomal proteins, p53 and heat ...
THE STUDY OF HERITABLE CHANGES IN GENE FUNCTION THAT
THE STUDY OF HERITABLE CHANGES IN GENE FUNCTION THAT

... The implication is that in different parts of the body either but not both copies of chromosome 15 are expressed. ...
DNA, genes and chromosomes
DNA, genes and chromosomes

... causative agent of cholera, has two circular chromosomes.) The chromosome - together with ribosomes and proteins associated with gene expression - is located in a region of the cell cytoplasm known as the nucleoid. The genomes of prokaryotes are compact compared with those of eukaryotes, as they lac ...
reading guide
reading guide

... to affect gene expression. Label the following elements: TATA box, promoter, gene, enhancer, activators, transcription factors, transcription initiation complex, RNA polymerase II, and DNA. Then place your explanation to the right of the figure. EXPLANATION ...
I Will Divide
I Will Divide

... Oh, no, but I, I will divide! Oh, through the stages of mitosis, I know my genes will stay alive I've made two new daughter cells, and they’ve got all my DNA I will divide! I will divide! Hey, hey! The first stage is prophase, the nucleus falls apart The DNA forms chromosomes, there’s no more hiding ...
Mendel and heredity
Mendel and heredity

... chose to work with pea plants because they reproduce sexually, which means they need male and female sex cells.  Mendel made three key decisions when it came to this experiment: ◦ He had control over breeding. ◦ Chose only purebred plants. ◦ Studied traits that were either or, not a blending. ...
Laskers for 2001: Knockout mice and test-tube babies
Laskers for 2001: Knockout mice and test-tube babies

... post-doctoral fellow), Evans went on to show that geneti- how to implant the fertilized embryos into the mother’s cally mutated ES cells could be transmitted through the uterus in such a way that a normal baby would be born. mouse germ line, allowing the creation of mutant strains of These problems ...
Chapter 23 Evolution of Populations
Chapter 23 Evolution of Populations

... Question? ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... Formation of the enhanceosome and activation of RNA polymerase by coactivator are necessary for efficient transcription. Transcription of b-interferon gene is activated during viral infection. ...
CST Review
CST Review

... BI5. a. Students know the general structures and functions of DNA, RNA, and protein. BI1. d. Students know the central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of information from transcription of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus to translation of proteins on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. BI2 ...
CST Review
CST Review

... BI5. a. Students know the general structures and functions of DNA, RNA, and protein. BI1. d. Students know the central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of information from transcription of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus to translation of proteins on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. BI2 ...
File
File

... expresses the trait nor is a carrier of the trait. ...
FACULTY SPONSOR`S NAME AND DEGREE:
FACULTY SPONSOR`S NAME AND DEGREE:

... that is, they are "immortal". Hence replicative senescence is a mechanism of protection against cancer. We have been studying human diploid fibroblasts (HF) to understand the mechanism of multi-step carcinogenesis ("transformation") of such cells in culture and its effect on cellular aging. We have ...
Genetic and Environmental Foundations
Genetic and Environmental Foundations

... or absence of the Y chromosome; Y allows for SRY and then the process begins when SRY signals the development of multiple “boy genes”. ...
Review questions to go with the powerpoint
Review questions to go with the powerpoint

... 56.DNA put together from 2 different species is called _________________ DNA. 57.A ________ is an organism made from one cell of another organism and is a genetically ______________ copy. 58.What technique can separate DNA molecules of different length based on the size of the molecules? 59.A ______ ...
Bacteria and Recombinant DNA
Bacteria and Recombinant DNA

... The modification of the genotype of a cell (usually prokaryotic) by introducing DNA from another source The uptake of DNA from an organism’s environment The uptake and expression of DNA in a bacterium ...
Unit VII: Genetics
Unit VII: Genetics

... selective breeding has been occurring for 1000s of years ...
< 1 ... 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 ... 1288 >

Site-specific recombinase technology



Nearly every human gene has a counterpart in the mouse (regardless of the fact that a minor set of orthologues had to follow species specific selection routes). This made the mouse the major model for elucidating the ways in which our genetic material encodes information. In the late 1980s gene targeting in murine embryonic stem (ES-)cells enabled the transmission of mutations into the mouse germ line and emerged as a novel option to study the genetic basis of regulatory networks as they exist in the genome. Still, classical gene targeting proved to be limited in several ways as gene functions became irreversibly destroyed by the marker gene that had to be introduced for selecting recombinant ES cells. These early steps led to animals in which the mutation was present in all cells of the body from the beginning leading to complex phenotypes and/or early lethality. There was a clear need for methods to restrict these mutations to specific points in development and specific cell types. This dream became reality when groups in the USA were able to introduce bacteriophage and yeast-derived site-specific recombination (SSR-) systems into mammalian cells as well as into the mouse
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