Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
... female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones ...
... female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones ...
Page 1
... Name______________________________________________period______IB chemistry ch. 10 organic chemistry 1. What makes carbon able to form so many different compounds? It bonds to itself to form long chains 2. What is the maximum number of other atoms to which a given carbon atom can be attached? Why? Fo ...
... Name______________________________________________period______IB chemistry ch. 10 organic chemistry 1. What makes carbon able to form so many different compounds? It bonds to itself to form long chains 2. What is the maximum number of other atoms to which a given carbon atom can be attached? Why? Fo ...
Lecture 7
... distort or polarize nearby anions and so it is said to have polarizing power. Apart from lithium, none of the cations have enough polarizing power to react with water molecules, so any reactions of their compounds in water are due to the anions, not the cations. The elements show typical metallic pr ...
... distort or polarize nearby anions and so it is said to have polarizing power. Apart from lithium, none of the cations have enough polarizing power to react with water molecules, so any reactions of their compounds in water are due to the anions, not the cations. The elements show typical metallic pr ...
Organic Chemistry-II
... Ans4. The major product obtained is 2 methyl 1 propene because in the presence of alcoholic NaOH (sodium ethoxide) alkyl halides undergo dehydro halogenation. Ease of dehydro halogenation of alkyl halides is tertiary > secondary > primary. Q5. To which alkyl group does the iodine get attached when e ...
... Ans4. The major product obtained is 2 methyl 1 propene because in the presence of alcoholic NaOH (sodium ethoxide) alkyl halides undergo dehydro halogenation. Ease of dehydro halogenation of alkyl halides is tertiary > secondary > primary. Q5. To which alkyl group does the iodine get attached when e ...
Carboxylic Acids - MCAT Cooperative
... Replace terminal –e of corresponding alkane with –al. Parent chain must contain the –CHO group The –CHO carbon is C1 When –CHO is attached to a ring, we say “carbaldehyde” ...
... Replace terminal –e of corresponding alkane with –al. Parent chain must contain the –CHO group The –CHO carbon is C1 When –CHO is attached to a ring, we say “carbaldehyde” ...
Halogenoalkanes
... When methanal (CH2 O) is added, a primary alcohol with one extra carbon atom is formed. When other aldehydes are used (e.g. ethanal), secondary alcohols are formed. When ketones are used (e.g. pro panone), tertiary alcohols are formed. When CO2 is used, a carboxylic acid with one extra carbon is for ...
... When methanal (CH2 O) is added, a primary alcohol with one extra carbon atom is formed. When other aldehydes are used (e.g. ethanal), secondary alcohols are formed. When ketones are used (e.g. pro panone), tertiary alcohols are formed. When CO2 is used, a carboxylic acid with one extra carbon is for ...
Syllabus of the International Chemistry Olympiad
... differences in chemical properties between alkenes and alkynes 3.5 Arenes and heterocycles ...
... differences in chemical properties between alkenes and alkynes 3.5 Arenes and heterocycles ...
Solubility of Organic Compounds
... Most organic molecules are relatively non-polar and are usually soluble in organic solvents (e.g. diethyl ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, petroleum ether, hexanes etc.) but not in polar solvents like water. However, some organic molecules are more polar and therefore soluble in water. This denot ...
... Most organic molecules are relatively non-polar and are usually soluble in organic solvents (e.g. diethyl ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, petroleum ether, hexanes etc.) but not in polar solvents like water. However, some organic molecules are more polar and therefore soluble in water. This denot ...
I. Introduction to NMR spectroscopy
... How is the peak affected by the number of H's attached to the carbon? ...
... How is the peak affected by the number of H's attached to the carbon? ...
Chapter 3
... Calculating Empirical Formulas The compound para-aminobenzoic acid (you may have seen it listed as PABA on your bottle of sunscreen) is composed of carbon (61.31%), hydrogen (5.14%), nitrogen (10.21%), and oxygen (23.33%). Find the empirical formula of PABA. Assuming 100.00 g of para-aminobenzoic a ...
... Calculating Empirical Formulas The compound para-aminobenzoic acid (you may have seen it listed as PABA on your bottle of sunscreen) is composed of carbon (61.31%), hydrogen (5.14%), nitrogen (10.21%), and oxygen (23.33%). Find the empirical formula of PABA. Assuming 100.00 g of para-aminobenzoic a ...
SYNOPSIS OF CHEMISTRY
... 25. Derivatives of carboxylic acids. Esters. Fats and oils. Properties of simple esters, fats and oils. The mechanism for the etherification reactions. Hydrolyzing esters. Acid catalyzed hydrolysis of esters. ...
... 25. Derivatives of carboxylic acids. Esters. Fats and oils. Properties of simple esters, fats and oils. The mechanism for the etherification reactions. Hydrolyzing esters. Acid catalyzed hydrolysis of esters. ...
AP Chemistry Summer 2009
... _____________a. If you begin this with 20.00 grams of lithium hydroxide, what is your theoretical yield of LiCl? _____________b. If you actually produced 6.00 grams of lithium chloride, what is your percent yield? 7. Balance first: __C3H8 + __O2 __CO2 + __ H2O _____________a. If 5 grams of C3H8 is ...
... _____________a. If you begin this with 20.00 grams of lithium hydroxide, what is your theoretical yield of LiCl? _____________b. If you actually produced 6.00 grams of lithium chloride, what is your percent yield? 7. Balance first: __C3H8 + __O2 __CO2 + __ H2O _____________a. If 5 grams of C3H8 is ...
Thursday, September 4
... Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon compounds ...
... Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon compounds ...
Chapter 11: The rise of oxygen and ozone – ppt
... Iron in different oxidation states is more or less soluble. The two common oxidation states of iron are: Fe2+ is soluble in water Fe3+ is not soluble During times when O2 is present, iron will preferentially be in the Fe3+ state, which will not dissolve in water, not be transported by the oceans lar ...
... Iron in different oxidation states is more or less soluble. The two common oxidation states of iron are: Fe2+ is soluble in water Fe3+ is not soluble During times when O2 is present, iron will preferentially be in the Fe3+ state, which will not dissolve in water, not be transported by the oceans lar ...
Chemdraw B&W - Pennsylvania State University
... • Malonic ester (diethyl propanedioate) is easily converted into its enolate ion by reaction with sodium ethoxide in ethanol • The enolate is a good nucleophile that reacts rapidly with an alkyl halide to give an -substituted malonic ...
... • Malonic ester (diethyl propanedioate) is easily converted into its enolate ion by reaction with sodium ethoxide in ethanol • The enolate is a good nucleophile that reacts rapidly with an alkyl halide to give an -substituted malonic ...
Salame - The City College of New York
... "Makeup exam for INC grades in Chemistry courses will be completed no later than two weeks after the end of classes (tentatively scheduled on January 11). INC may be assigned to students who have a passing grade in the course but who are unable to take the final examination. A passing grade is compu ...
... "Makeup exam for INC grades in Chemistry courses will be completed no later than two weeks after the end of classes (tentatively scheduled on January 11). INC may be assigned to students who have a passing grade in the course but who are unable to take the final examination. A passing grade is compu ...
CHEM 263 (AS 40) Organic Chemistry II Winter 2017 Instructor: Dr
... Note: Students are responsible for verifying the date of the final exam (see here). Course Description: (3 credits). The nomenclature, structure, physical properties, synthesis and selected reactions of the basic functional groups in organic chemistry are discussed. Functional groups covered include ...
... Note: Students are responsible for verifying the date of the final exam (see here). Course Description: (3 credits). The nomenclature, structure, physical properties, synthesis and selected reactions of the basic functional groups in organic chemistry are discussed. Functional groups covered include ...
Electophilic Aromatic Substituion
... The product is formed by loss of a proton, which is replaced by bromine FeBr3 is added as a catalyst to polarize the bromine reagent In the first step the electrons act as a nucleophile toward Br2 (in a complex with FeBr3) This forms a cationic addition intermediate from benzene and a bromine cati ...
... The product is formed by loss of a proton, which is replaced by bromine FeBr3 is added as a catalyst to polarize the bromine reagent In the first step the electrons act as a nucleophile toward Br2 (in a complex with FeBr3) This forms a cationic addition intermediate from benzene and a bromine cati ...
Electophilic Aromatic Substituion
... The product is formed by loss of a proton, which is replaced by bromine FeBr3 is added as a catalyst to polarize the bromine reagent In the first step the electrons act as a nucleophile toward Br2 (in a complex with FeBr3) This forms a cationic addition intermediate from benzene and a bromine cati ...
... The product is formed by loss of a proton, which is replaced by bromine FeBr3 is added as a catalyst to polarize the bromine reagent In the first step the electrons act as a nucleophile toward Br2 (in a complex with FeBr3) This forms a cationic addition intermediate from benzene and a bromine cati ...
Chapter 1 - chemistry
... Functional Groups Most organic chemistry involves substituents, which are groups attached to hydrocarbon chains. ...
... Functional Groups Most organic chemistry involves substituents, which are groups attached to hydrocarbon chains. ...
The Formation of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5
... Reactions of o-phenylenediamine with a dicarboxylic acid can produce several different products depending on the specific conditions [1]. In the presence of cyclization agents such as hydrochloric acid or polyphosphoric acid, these reactions have been reported to give benzimidazoles [2,3]. This is a ...
... Reactions of o-phenylenediamine with a dicarboxylic acid can produce several different products depending on the specific conditions [1]. In the presence of cyclization agents such as hydrochloric acid or polyphosphoric acid, these reactions have been reported to give benzimidazoles [2,3]. This is a ...
Chapter 20 Carbohydrates
... planar ring, lying roughly perpendicular to the plane of the paper. • Groups bonded to the carbons of the ring then lie either above or below the plane of the ring. • The new carbon stereocenter created in forming the cyclic structure is called the anomeric carbon. • Stereoisomers that differ in con ...
... planar ring, lying roughly perpendicular to the plane of the paper. • Groups bonded to the carbons of the ring then lie either above or below the plane of the ring. • The new carbon stereocenter created in forming the cyclic structure is called the anomeric carbon. • Stereoisomers that differ in con ...
Role play activity with the Nitrogen Cycle
... 2. Each member of the class will have one of the following roles to play: air, clover, sheep, nitrogen-fixing bacteria in nodules on the clover’s roots, decomposers in the soil, and bacteria in the soil. 3. The white index cards represent free nitrogen. The students playing the role of air should ea ...
... 2. Each member of the class will have one of the following roles to play: air, clover, sheep, nitrogen-fixing bacteria in nodules on the clover’s roots, decomposers in the soil, and bacteria in the soil. 3. The white index cards represent free nitrogen. The students playing the role of air should ea ...
GRADE 12A: Chemistry 5
... Supply data on the reactivity of different carbonyl compounds and electronegativity data for different elements. Tell students to rank these compounds with respect to order of reactivity. Ask them to account for the differing reactivities by noting the extent to which the atom (or group) attached to ...
... Supply data on the reactivity of different carbonyl compounds and electronegativity data for different elements. Tell students to rank these compounds with respect to order of reactivity. Ask them to account for the differing reactivities by noting the extent to which the atom (or group) attached to ...
Organosulfur compounds
Organosulfur compounds are organic compounds that contain sulfur. They are often associated with foul odors, but many of the sweetest compounds known are organosulfur derivatives, e.g., saccharin. Nature abounds with organosulfur compounds—sulfur is essential for life. Of the 20 common amino acids, two (cysteine and methionine) are organosulfur compounds, and the antibiotics penicillin (pictured below) and sulfa drugs both contain sulfur. While sulfur-containing antibiotics save many lives, sulfur mustard is a deadly chemical warfare agent. Fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas, which are derived from ancient organisms, necessarily contain organosulfur compounds, the removal of which is a major focus of oil refineries.Sulfur shares the chalcogen group with oxygen, selenium and tellurium, and it is expected that organosulfur compounds have similarities with carbon–oxygen, carbon–selenium and carbon–tellurium compounds, which is true to some extent.A classical chemical test for the detection of sulfur compounds is the Carius halogen method.