Seasonal Motion
... • The stars are “fixed” to the rotating sky globe They move from East to West and also from near to the horizon to higher up in the sky ...
... • The stars are “fixed” to the rotating sky globe They move from East to West and also from near to the horizon to higher up in the sky ...
ecliptic
... • Assumption is that the position of the Sun and planets at the exact moment of your birth determines what will happen in your life. • Horoscopes: very general statements that can apply to anybody. What is the probability that 1/12 of the world’s people are having the same kind of day? • Different s ...
... • Assumption is that the position of the Sun and planets at the exact moment of your birth determines what will happen in your life. • Horoscopes: very general statements that can apply to anybody. What is the probability that 1/12 of the world’s people are having the same kind of day? • Different s ...
Study Guide - Experience Astronomy
... A.M. -‐ Ante Meridiem, meaning before the middle of the day Apparent Magnitude -‐ how bright a star appears in our sky The Arctic Circle -‐ the latitude line where the sun doesn’t set on the summer solstice Autumnal (Fall) and Vernal (Spring) Equinoxe ...
... A.M. -‐ Ante Meridiem, meaning before the middle of the day Apparent Magnitude -‐ how bright a star appears in our sky The Arctic Circle -‐ the latitude line where the sun doesn’t set on the summer solstice Autumnal (Fall) and Vernal (Spring) Equinoxe ...
The Roots of Astronomy Stonehenge
... • Hipparchus: Placing the Earth away from the centers of the ...
... • Hipparchus: Placing the Earth away from the centers of the ...
Document
... – Sunspots; suggests that celestial bodies are not perfect and can change – Observed four moons of Jupiter; showed that not all bodies orbit Earth – Observed phases of Venus (and correlation of apparent size and phase); evidence that Venus orbits the Sun ...
... – Sunspots; suggests that celestial bodies are not perfect and can change – Observed four moons of Jupiter; showed that not all bodies orbit Earth – Observed phases of Venus (and correlation of apparent size and phase); evidence that Venus orbits the Sun ...
handout
... A. The planets are orbiting the sun almost exactly in the plane of the _______________. B. The Moon is orbiting _______________ in almost the same plane (Ecliptic) C. Mercury appears at most __________ from the sun. It can occasionally be seen shortly after _______________ in the west or before sunr ...
... A. The planets are orbiting the sun almost exactly in the plane of the _______________. B. The Moon is orbiting _______________ in almost the same plane (Ecliptic) C. Mercury appears at most __________ from the sun. It can occasionally be seen shortly after _______________ in the west or before sunr ...
History of Astronomy Notes
... Considered the greatest general authority in antiquity. Aristotle wrote about virtually everything known at his time. ...
... Considered the greatest general authority in antiquity. Aristotle wrote about virtually everything known at his time. ...
The Copernican Cosmos
... Tycho’s cosmology merges the Ptolemaic and Copernican systems. Geocentric universe with the planets revolving around the sun. Why? He could not observe a stellar parallax (shifting of the stars) which would involve great distances of empty space which was an implausible notion (horror vacui-nat ...
... Tycho’s cosmology merges the Ptolemaic and Copernican systems. Geocentric universe with the planets revolving around the sun. Why? He could not observe a stellar parallax (shifting of the stars) which would involve great distances of empty space which was an implausible notion (horror vacui-nat ...
Ancient Civilizations Ancient Greek Astronomers Ancient Greek
... Models were generally wrong because they were based on wrong “first principles”, believed to be “obvious” and not questioned: 1. Geocentric Universe: Earth at the Center of the Universe. 2. “Perfect Heavens”: Motions of all celestial bodies described by motions involving objects of “perfect” shape, ...
... Models were generally wrong because they were based on wrong “first principles”, believed to be “obvious” and not questioned: 1. Geocentric Universe: Earth at the Center of the Universe. 2. “Perfect Heavens”: Motions of all celestial bodies described by motions involving objects of “perfect” shape, ...
The Milky Way
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s plac ...
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s plac ...
Chapter 4: The Origin of Modern Astronomy - Otto
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s plac ...
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s plac ...
Astro Ch 4 astronomers
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required the revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s ...
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required the revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s ...
The Milky Way - Computer Science Technology
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required the revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s ...
... Earth. You can now imagine how Earth, the moon, and the sun move through space and how that produces the sights you see in the sky. But how did humanity first realize that we live on a planet moving through space? That required the revolutionary overthrow of an ancient and honored theory of Earth’s ...
The - Pennsylvania State University
... Reasons for Theories of Geocentricity • Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria (150 AD) – Utilised the geocentric model, that earth was the center of the universe, to predict with far greater accuracy the motions of known celestial bodies. This reinforced the idea of geocentricity over heliocentricty among ...
... Reasons for Theories of Geocentricity • Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria (150 AD) – Utilised the geocentric model, that earth was the center of the universe, to predict with far greater accuracy the motions of known celestial bodies. This reinforced the idea of geocentricity over heliocentricty among ...
Lesson 4d Models of the Solar System
... Other objects attached to concentric perfect crystal spheres turning at slightly different speeds All “fixed” stars were attached to the final sphere ...
... Other objects attached to concentric perfect crystal spheres turning at slightly different speeds All “fixed” stars were attached to the final sphere ...
Astronomical Terms - Crossroads Academy
... compass from true north) similar to geographical latitude…used to locate stars in the celestial sphere local noon…the highest point of the sun in any day in a specific location therefor giving the shortest shadow on a gnomon zenith…point in the sky directly overhead nadir…opposite of zenith (180 deg ...
... compass from true north) similar to geographical latitude…used to locate stars in the celestial sphere local noon…the highest point of the sun in any day in a specific location therefor giving the shortest shadow on a gnomon zenith…point in the sky directly overhead nadir…opposite of zenith (180 deg ...
Presentation: Early Astronomers and Three Rock Stars
... • On the outside was the Primum Mobile - [Prime Mover] - It was the Divine force that caused all motions. ...
... • On the outside was the Primum Mobile - [Prime Mover] - It was the Divine force that caused all motions. ...
Early Observers (The Beginnings of Astronomy)
... Favored an Earth-centered universe different from Ptolemy’s theory Thought that other planets revolved around the sun, and that the sun and moon revolved around the Earth. Theory incorrect, but made many precise observations of planets and stars. ...
... Favored an Earth-centered universe different from Ptolemy’s theory Thought that other planets revolved around the sun, and that the sun and moon revolved around the Earth. Theory incorrect, but made many precise observations of planets and stars. ...
The Milky Way
... • How did the ancients describe the place of the Earth? • How did Copernicus change the place of the Earth? • Why was Galileo condemned by the Inquisition? • How did Copernican astronomers solve the puzzle of ...
... • How did the ancients describe the place of the Earth? • How did Copernicus change the place of the Earth? • Why was Galileo condemned by the Inquisition? • How did Copernican astronomers solve the puzzle of ...
Chapter 22: Origin of Modern Astronomy
... known planets – Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn – orbit earth. • Every other body in space circled this system on their own transparent, hollow sphere. • This was called the celestial sphere. ...
... known planets – Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn – orbit earth. • Every other body in space circled this system on their own transparent, hollow sphere. • This was called the celestial sphere. ...
The Milky Way
... Models were generally wrong because they were based on wrong “first principles”, believed to be “obvious” and not questioned: 1. Geocentric Universe: Earth at the Center of the Universe 2. “Perfect Heavens”: Motions of all celestial bodies described by motions involving objects of “perfect” shape, i ...
... Models were generally wrong because they were based on wrong “first principles”, believed to be “obvious” and not questioned: 1. Geocentric Universe: Earth at the Center of the Universe 2. “Perfect Heavens”: Motions of all celestial bodies described by motions involving objects of “perfect” shape, i ...
Celestial spheres
The celestial spheres, or celestial orbs, were the fundamental entities of the cosmological models developed by Plato, Eudoxus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus and others. In these celestial models the apparent motions of the fixed stars and the planets are accounted for by treating them as embedded in rotating spheres made of an aetherial, transparent fifth element (quintessence), like jewels set in orbs. Since it was believed that the fixed stars did not change their positions relative to one another, it was argued that they must be on the surface of a single starry sphere.In modern thought, the orbits of the planets are viewed as the paths of those planets through mostly empty space. Ancient and medieval thinkers, however, considered the celestial orbs to be thick spheres of rarefied matter nested one within the other, each one in complete contact with the sphere above it and the sphere below. When scholars applied Ptolemy's epicycles, they presumed that each planetary sphere was exactly thick enough to accommodate them. By combining this nested sphere model with astronomical observations, scholars calculated what became generally accepted values at the time for the distances to the Sun (about 4 million miles), to the other planets, and to the edge of the universe (about 73 million miles). The nested sphere model's distances to the Sun and planets differ significantly from modern measurements of the distances, and the size of the universe is now known to be inconceivably large and possibly infinite.Albert Van Helden has suggested that from about 1250 until the 17th century, virtually all educated Europeans were familiar with the Ptolemaic model of ""nesting spheres and the cosmic dimensions derived from it"". Even following the adoption of Copernicus's heliocentric model of the universe, new versions of the celestial sphere model were introduced, with the planetary spheres following this sequence from the central Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth-Moon, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.