Optical interconnection technology in switches, routers, and optical
... the order of milliseconds or even tens of milliseconds. On the other hand, it is valuable if the signals remain optical all the way through the switch, including possible queuing systems, i.e. there is optical transparency. In this way it is easier to scale up the bit rate or change protocols. With ...
... the order of milliseconds or even tens of milliseconds. On the other hand, it is valuable if the signals remain optical all the way through the switch, including possible queuing systems, i.e. there is optical transparency. In this way it is easier to scale up the bit rate or change protocols. With ...
Thunderbolt Controller
... approaching the practical limit for higher bandwidth and longer distance, due to the signal degradation caused by electro-magnetic interference (EMI) and signal integrity issues. Higher bandwidth can be achieved by sending the signals down with more wires, but apparently this approach increases cost ...
... approaching the practical limit for higher bandwidth and longer distance, due to the signal degradation caused by electro-magnetic interference (EMI) and signal integrity issues. Higher bandwidth can be achieved by sending the signals down with more wires, but apparently this approach increases cost ...
Generalized Laws of Reflection and Refraction
... antenna resonance occurs at h ≈ leff/2, where leff is the effective wavelength (14). In the antisymmetric mode, the current distribution in each arm approximates that of one half of a straight antenna of length 2h (Fig. 2B, right), and the condition for the first-order resonance of this mode is 2h ≈ ...
... antenna resonance occurs at h ≈ leff/2, where leff is the effective wavelength (14). In the antisymmetric mode, the current distribution in each arm approximates that of one half of a straight antenna of length 2h (Fig. 2B, right), and the condition for the first-order resonance of this mode is 2h ≈ ...
Translation-invariant object recognition system using an optical correlator and a super-
... the edge enhancement by two-wave mixing in photorefractive materials.20 This technique is based on the fact that the low frequencies of the spatial FT of an image typically occupy a much smaller area than do the high frequencies. Hence, it is possible to expose the hologram to an amount of radiation ...
... the edge enhancement by two-wave mixing in photorefractive materials.20 This technique is based on the fact that the low frequencies of the spatial FT of an image typically occupy a much smaller area than do the high frequencies. Hence, it is possible to expose the hologram to an amount of radiation ...
Self-Phase-Modulation of Optical Pulses
... • The new term with β2 adds dispersion (pulse spreading and compression in the time domain). β2 is the lowest order group velocity dispersion constant. • Dispersion changes the pulse shape and the phase but not the amplitude of the spectral components. • SPM changes the spectrum, not the pulse shape ...
... • The new term with β2 adds dispersion (pulse spreading and compression in the time domain). β2 is the lowest order group velocity dispersion constant. • Dispersion changes the pulse shape and the phase but not the amplitude of the spectral components. • SPM changes the spectrum, not the pulse shape ...
Interference with monochromatic light
... source is laterally extended, the same point x, y on the screen is attained by many light rays, all with different ϑ. It is obvious that the contrast in the interference pattern then must decrease. Loss of contrast will also be stated, if the light is no longer monochromatic, because again the phase ...
... source is laterally extended, the same point x, y on the screen is attained by many light rays, all with different ϑ. It is obvious that the contrast in the interference pattern then must decrease. Loss of contrast will also be stated, if the light is no longer monochromatic, because again the phase ...
A REVIEW OF OPTICAL MAPPING AS A METHOD OF WHOLE
... Shotgun optical mapping involves the shearing of genomic DNA molecules from random locations within the DNA molecule due to the inherent stresses of laboratory procedures such as pipetting4. Thus the optical maps represent random parts of the genome, not identical DNA molecules. This system aims to ...
... Shotgun optical mapping involves the shearing of genomic DNA molecules from random locations within the DNA molecule due to the inherent stresses of laboratory procedures such as pipetting4. Thus the optical maps represent random parts of the genome, not identical DNA molecules. This system aims to ...
Generation of radially and azimuthally polarized light by optical
... On the other hand, cylindrical vector beams, or laser beams with cylindrical symmetry in polarization have attracted considerable research recently due to their interesting properties and potential applications [30]. For example, radial polarization is optimal for laser machining [31,32]. The laser ...
... On the other hand, cylindrical vector beams, or laser beams with cylindrical symmetry in polarization have attracted considerable research recently due to their interesting properties and potential applications [30]. For example, radial polarization is optimal for laser machining [31,32]. The laser ...
laser - SlideBoom
... coherent beam of monochromatic light by laser action. A coherent beam resulted which all of the photons are in phase. ...
... coherent beam of monochromatic light by laser action. A coherent beam resulted which all of the photons are in phase. ...
Micron-scale modifications of Si surface morphology by pulsed
... Equation 共1兲 excludes the effects of lens aberrations. Although we have not quantified the aberrations of the objective lenses used in this study, in most cases light fills only a small fraction of the back-focal-plane aperture of the objective lens and therefore, the diffraction limit described by ...
... Equation 共1兲 excludes the effects of lens aberrations. Although we have not quantified the aberrations of the objective lenses used in this study, in most cases light fills only a small fraction of the back-focal-plane aperture of the objective lens and therefore, the diffraction limit described by ...
Efficient yellow-green light generation at 561 nm by frequency
... excite phycoerythrin and its tandem, as well as red fluorescent proteins such as mCherry, mStrawberry, DsRed, and dTomato. Recently, such lasers have also attracted attention for their application in interferometry [9] and spectroscopy [10]. Since the yellow region of the optical spectrum, where a r ...
... excite phycoerythrin and its tandem, as well as red fluorescent proteins such as mCherry, mStrawberry, DsRed, and dTomato. Recently, such lasers have also attracted attention for their application in interferometry [9] and spectroscopy [10]. Since the yellow region of the optical spectrum, where a r ...
Post-print of: J. Mater. Chem. , 2010, 20, 6408
... mesostructured thin films,10,11 clays,12 or macroporous alumina.13 In all cases their ability to optically monitor changes in the surrounding ambient under controlled conditions has been confirmed. For instance, precise adsorption isotherms9,14 or uptake kinetics15 curves based on the analysis of th ...
... mesostructured thin films,10,11 clays,12 or macroporous alumina.13 In all cases their ability to optically monitor changes in the surrounding ambient under controlled conditions has been confirmed. For instance, precise adsorption isotherms9,14 or uptake kinetics15 curves based on the analysis of th ...
3d optical data storage
... layers of information, each at a different depth in the media and each consisting of a DVD-like spiral track. In order to record information on the disc a laser is brought to a focus at a particular depth in the media that corresponds to a particular information layer. When the laser is turned on it ...
... layers of information, each at a different depth in the media and each consisting of a DVD-like spiral track. In order to record information on the disc a laser is brought to a focus at a particular depth in the media that corresponds to a particular information layer. When the laser is turned on it ...
Optical Metrology - Bogazici University Physics Department
... It is a measurement method based on the wave nature of light, which uses optical interference fringes of the laser beam ...
... It is a measurement method based on the wave nature of light, which uses optical interference fringes of the laser beam ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
... molecular interactions. The RI change is related to the sample concentration, while the detection signal usually depends on the total number of analytes in the volume. As a result, the detection signal does not scale down with the sample volume. This characteristic makes label-free detection advanta ...
... molecular interactions. The RI change is related to the sample concentration, while the detection signal usually depends on the total number of analytes in the volume. As a result, the detection signal does not scale down with the sample volume. This characteristic makes label-free detection advanta ...
Soft-x-ray interferometer for single-shot laser linewidth measurements
... z is the distance between the gratings, and zd is the distance from the second grating to the detector. For the system to work properly Dx should be smaller than the coherence distance of the source. For a grazing incidence conf iguration cos u . cos g, and the f irst term is dominated by the disper ...
... z is the distance between the gratings, and zd is the distance from the second grating to the detector. For the system to work properly Dx should be smaller than the coherence distance of the source. For a grazing incidence conf iguration cos u . cos g, and the f irst term is dominated by the disper ...
Nonlinear Optics Third Edition
... within a conventional one-semester course. For this reason, I am often asked for advice on how to structure a course based on the content of my textbook. Some of my thoughts along these lines are as follows: (1) I have endeavored as much as possible to make each part of the book self-contained. Thus ...
... within a conventional one-semester course. For this reason, I am often asked for advice on how to structure a course based on the content of my textbook. Some of my thoughts along these lines are as follows: (1) I have endeavored as much as possible to make each part of the book self-contained. Thus ...
Optical Term Definitions
... BACK FOCAL LENGTH (FB) This length is the distance from the secondary vertex (A2) to the rear focal point (F"). ...
... BACK FOCAL LENGTH (FB) This length is the distance from the secondary vertex (A2) to the rear focal point (F"). ...
Optical properties of the human tissue
... et al. // Appl. Opt., 1993, Vol. 32(4), P. 559-568) and inverse Monte Carlo simulations. The IAD method is widely used in tissue optics for processing the experimental data of spectrophotometry with integrating spheres. This method allows one to determine the absorption and the reduced scattering co ...
... et al. // Appl. Opt., 1993, Vol. 32(4), P. 559-568) and inverse Monte Carlo simulations. The IAD method is widely used in tissue optics for processing the experimental data of spectrophotometry with integrating spheres. This method allows one to determine the absorption and the reduced scattering co ...
The HeNe Laser
... holder for any reason. Any changing of the mirrors should be done with the mirror mount left in place, this makes changing the mirrors a more delicate task but is far outweighed by the subsequent difficulties one would have in aligning the mirror if it were done otherwise. There is a small screw in ...
... holder for any reason. Any changing of the mirrors should be done with the mirror mount left in place, this makes changing the mirrors a more delicate task but is far outweighed by the subsequent difficulties one would have in aligning the mirror if it were done otherwise. There is a small screw in ...
375_Lo.pdf
... phase retardation are correctly chosen. It should be noticed that the dynamic range in measuring the apparent phase retardation is restricted in the range of 0~90°. Thus, the measured apparent phase retardation is needed to be verified and modified by the above reason and the further discussion is i ...
... phase retardation are correctly chosen. It should be noticed that the dynamic range in measuring the apparent phase retardation is restricted in the range of 0~90°. Thus, the measured apparent phase retardation is needed to be verified and modified by the above reason and the further discussion is i ...
Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
... by a fundamentally different approach. An alternative technology is spectral domain OCT (SDOCT), also known as Fourier domain OCT. In SDOCT, no mechanical scanning of the reference arm is needed. Instead, a spectrum is measured with a spectrometer in the detection arm of the interferometer and conve ...
... by a fundamentally different approach. An alternative technology is spectral domain OCT (SDOCT), also known as Fourier domain OCT. In SDOCT, no mechanical scanning of the reference arm is needed. Instead, a spectrum is measured with a spectrometer in the detection arm of the interferometer and conve ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.