Chapter 36 . Optical Properties of Semiconductors
... attenuation index k gives the attenuation of the wave. In practice, one often uses the absorption coefficient a instead of k because of the Beer’s low formalism describing the absorption. The field of optical spectroscopy is a very important area of science and technology since most of our knowledge ...
... attenuation index k gives the attenuation of the wave. In practice, one often uses the absorption coefficient a instead of k because of the Beer’s low formalism describing the absorption. The field of optical spectroscopy is a very important area of science and technology since most of our knowledge ...
Preview of “ZEISS Microscopy Online ...Aperture and Resolution”
... lens of the objective and the specimen cover slip must be increased. The highest angular aperture obtainable with a standard microscope objective would theoretically be 180 degrees, resulting in a value of 90 degrees for the half-angle used in the numerical ap ...
... lens of the objective and the specimen cover slip must be increased. The highest angular aperture obtainable with a standard microscope objective would theoretically be 180 degrees, resulting in a value of 90 degrees for the half-angle used in the numerical ap ...
Micro-machining with ultrashort laser pulses: From
... hint for this effect was detected, on the other hand. From their finding one can conclude that in metals ablation even with femtosecond pulses is essentially of thermal nature. Figure 5 shows the effect of a single femtosecond pulse long after its end. The pictures were obtained with shadowgraphy by ...
... hint for this effect was detected, on the other hand. From their finding one can conclude that in metals ablation even with femtosecond pulses is essentially of thermal nature. Figure 5 shows the effect of a single femtosecond pulse long after its end. The pictures were obtained with shadowgraphy by ...
Particle sizing calibration with refractive index correction for light
... Particle sizing is only one aspect of the function of an OPC. The other is particle concentration measurement. Although this work does not deal directly with this aspect of calibration, it is useful to consider some of the problems which may be encountered with the data presented here. For a closed ...
... Particle sizing is only one aspect of the function of an OPC. The other is particle concentration measurement. Although this work does not deal directly with this aspect of calibration, it is useful to consider some of the problems which may be encountered with the data presented here. For a closed ...
Analysis of optical damage mechanisms in hollow core
... The numerical aperture (NA) of each waveguide was calculated from its measured M2. This value is not well-defined for such waveguides as guiding is by Fresnel reflection (rather than by total internal reflection), but gives an indication of what cone angle will be accepted or delivered, dependent on ...
... The numerical aperture (NA) of each waveguide was calculated from its measured M2. This value is not well-defined for such waveguides as guiding is by Fresnel reflection (rather than by total internal reflection), but gives an indication of what cone angle will be accepted or delivered, dependent on ...
Improved signal-to-noise ratio of 10 GHz
... increasing optical power does not result in an increase in the microwave power of the 10 GHz harmonic of the detected pulse train. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the average photocurrent continues to increase with optical power, resulting in an increase in the photodetected shot-noise ...
... increasing optical power does not result in an increase in the microwave power of the 10 GHz harmonic of the detected pulse train. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the average photocurrent continues to increase with optical power, resulting in an increase in the photodetected shot-noise ...
Optical path function.
... Æ to focus a beam in a small spot (which is needed for achieving energy and/or spatial resolution) one must accept an increase in the beam divergence High beam divergence along the beamline: Æ large optical devices Æ high costs and low optical qualities With a not brilliant source the spot size can ...
... Æ to focus a beam in a small spot (which is needed for achieving energy and/or spatial resolution) one must accept an increase in the beam divergence High beam divergence along the beamline: Æ large optical devices Æ high costs and low optical qualities With a not brilliant source the spot size can ...
Wavelength Converter Technology
... Most opto-electronic converters reported till now operate at 2.5 Gbit/s. For wavelength conversion in high speed networks operating at 10 Gbit/s and in the future possibly at 100 Gbit/s, the power consumption of the opto-electronic converter will be high and bandwidth limitations of electronic circu ...
... Most opto-electronic converters reported till now operate at 2.5 Gbit/s. For wavelength conversion in high speed networks operating at 10 Gbit/s and in the future possibly at 100 Gbit/s, the power consumption of the opto-electronic converter will be high and bandwidth limitations of electronic circu ...
optical design of an echelle grating based atomic emission
... at the focal point of M1. This was ascertained by checking the collimation of a laser beam focused at the slit aperture using Murty’s interferometer[7]. The precise alignment of the grating and the prism at the desired angles were verified by recording spectrum from a mercury spectral lamp. A recipr ...
... at the focal point of M1. This was ascertained by checking the collimation of a laser beam focused at the slit aperture using Murty’s interferometer[7]. The precise alignment of the grating and the prism at the desired angles were verified by recording spectrum from a mercury spectral lamp. A recipr ...
Template for Electronic Submission to ACS Journals
... passive optical devices.1 Such structures, also known as distributed Bragg reflectors, acquire their optical properties through the periodic modulation of the refractive index, so they are also classified as one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPC). Many applications of these materials can be found ...
... passive optical devices.1 Such structures, also known as distributed Bragg reflectors, acquire their optical properties through the periodic modulation of the refractive index, so they are also classified as one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPC). Many applications of these materials can be found ...
K. S. Al Mugren, Y. El Sayed, H. Shoukry, A. El Taher
... X-ray diffraction spectroscopy has been performed by using, (Schimadzu Labx XRD6000) using CuK radiation at 40 kV,2θ between 5 to 90°. The calorimetric measurements of prepared glasses were carried out in Setaram (DSC 131 Evo). Temperature and energy calibrations of the instrument were performed us ...
... X-ray diffraction spectroscopy has been performed by using, (Schimadzu Labx XRD6000) using CuK radiation at 40 kV,2θ between 5 to 90°. The calorimetric measurements of prepared glasses were carried out in Setaram (DSC 131 Evo). Temperature and energy calibrations of the instrument were performed us ...
Practical uses of femtosecond laser micro
... laser was increased by reducing the beam spot size from 100 to 75 µm. We compare the femtosecond laser ablation of the two silicate glasses below and above the air ionization threshold in Fig. 3. Below the air ionization threshold, the ablation rate remained constant over the tested range at ∼ 0.2 µ ...
... laser was increased by reducing the beam spot size from 100 to 75 µm. We compare the femtosecond laser ablation of the two silicate glasses below and above the air ionization threshold in Fig. 3. Below the air ionization threshold, the ablation rate remained constant over the tested range at ∼ 0.2 µ ...
THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LASER TECHNOLOGY, USES AND
... required and the wavelength of the laser light which is produced. Principle of operation at atomic level (Figures 2 and 3) One model in atomic physics describes an atom as a central nucleus of protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons which encircle the nucleus in different orbitals. ...
... required and the wavelength of the laser light which is produced. Principle of operation at atomic level (Figures 2 and 3) One model in atomic physics describes an atom as a central nucleus of protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons which encircle the nucleus in different orbitals. ...
Chapter 18 OPTICAL ELEMENTS - Doane College Physics Web
... image distance behind the plane mirror is equal to the distance of the object from the mirror object distance in front of the mirror. Such an image is called a virtual image because the light appears to be diverging from this image but it does not actually pass through the image position. As was poi ...
... image distance behind the plane mirror is equal to the distance of the object from the mirror object distance in front of the mirror. Such an image is called a virtual image because the light appears to be diverging from this image but it does not actually pass through the image position. As was poi ...
Theory of optical pulse propagation, dispersive and nonlinear effects
... where we have utilized that the FWHM pulse duration is connected to τ0 as τp = 1.763τ0. The pulse described by (IV-163) and (IV-164) propagates undistorted in the presence of dispersion and nonlinearity of opposite sign in optical fibers and are called an optical soliton. The word soliton refers to ...
... where we have utilized that the FWHM pulse duration is connected to τ0 as τp = 1.763τ0. The pulse described by (IV-163) and (IV-164) propagates undistorted in the presence of dispersion and nonlinearity of opposite sign in optical fibers and are called an optical soliton. The word soliton refers to ...
Mode Conversion/Splitting by Optical Analogy of Multistate
... adiabatically without energy exchange among them. For the purto , an adiabatic pose of adiabatic mode conversion from mode , which is equal to at the input and mode at the output, needs to exist. For the purpose of adiabatic mode splitting from to , and , an adiabatic mode , which is equal to at the ...
... adiabatically without energy exchange among them. For the purto , an adiabatic pose of adiabatic mode conversion from mode , which is equal to at the input and mode at the output, needs to exist. For the purpose of adiabatic mode splitting from to , and , an adiabatic mode , which is equal to at the ...
Propagation of obstructed Bessel and Bessel–Gauss
... These equations represent the Rayleigh length, the beam width, the radius of curvature of the wavefronts and the Guoy phase of a Gaussian beam respectively. The Rayleigh length determines the distance over which a Gaussian beam can propagate without diverging significantly and depends on the beam wi ...
... These equations represent the Rayleigh length, the beam width, the radius of curvature of the wavefronts and the Guoy phase of a Gaussian beam respectively. The Rayleigh length determines the distance over which a Gaussian beam can propagate without diverging significantly and depends on the beam wi ...
Adaptive optics enhanced simultaneous en-face
... such as the follow-up of the nerve fiber layer thickness in glaucoma cases [13]. Similar to SLO, lateral resolution in OCT for retinal imaging is limited by the aberrations of the subject’s eye and AO has also been used to improve its performance. An increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of up ...
... such as the follow-up of the nerve fiber layer thickness in glaucoma cases [13]. Similar to SLO, lateral resolution in OCT for retinal imaging is limited by the aberrations of the subject’s eye and AO has also been used to improve its performance. An increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of up ...
The effect of detector size on the signal-to
... dielectric point scatterers in conventional and confocal polarisation microscopes. Opt. Commun. in press. Wilson, T. & Tan, J.B. (1996) Finite sized coherent and incoherent detectors in confocal microscopy. J. Microsc. 182, 61–66. ...
... dielectric point scatterers in conventional and confocal polarisation microscopes. Opt. Commun. in press. Wilson, T. & Tan, J.B. (1996) Finite sized coherent and incoherent detectors in confocal microscopy. J. Microsc. 182, 61–66. ...
Recent advances in diffuse optical imaging
... was on measuring and identifying minimally scattered photons, which (it was correctly concluded) cannot be applied to tissues more than a few millimetres thick. Improvement in spatial resolution was identified as a concern for diffuse optical imaging, and the potential for functional (and rapid) imag ...
... was on measuring and identifying minimally scattered photons, which (it was correctly concluded) cannot be applied to tissues more than a few millimetres thick. Improvement in spatial resolution was identified as a concern for diffuse optical imaging, and the potential for functional (and rapid) imag ...
Storage and Control of Optical Photons Using Rydberg
... The future success of quantum technologies will depend on the ability to integrate components of different systems. Strongly interacting systems, such as ions [1,2] or superconductors [3] are ideal for processing, large ensembles for memory [4], and optical photons for communication [5]. However, in ...
... The future success of quantum technologies will depend on the ability to integrate components of different systems. Strongly interacting systems, such as ions [1,2] or superconductors [3] are ideal for processing, large ensembles for memory [4], and optical photons for communication [5]. However, in ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.