Propositional/First
... under all interpretations, no matter what the world is actually like or what the semantics is. Example: “It’s raining or it’s not raining.” • An inconsistent sentence or contradiction is a sentence that is False under all interpretations. The world is never like what it describes, as in “It’s rainin ...
... under all interpretations, no matter what the world is actually like or what the semantics is. Example: “It’s raining or it’s not raining.” • An inconsistent sentence or contradiction is a sentence that is False under all interpretations. The world is never like what it describes, as in “It’s rainin ...
24.251 Lecture 2: Meaning and reference
... person exists? No, for then it would be false, and it is not false either. It presupposes there is such a person (p. 224). A sentence’s presuppositions are the conditions that it has to meet to get a truth value at all.) What account can now be given of negative existentials? ‘Odysseus doesn’t exis ...
... person exists? No, for then it would be false, and it is not false either. It presupposes there is such a person (p. 224). A sentence’s presuppositions are the conditions that it has to meet to get a truth value at all.) What account can now be given of negative existentials? ‘Odysseus doesn’t exis ...
4. Overview of Meaning Proto
... aims to explain. (Alterna6ve names for this include “teleofunc6on.”) • Millikan’s view is that the proper func6on of a structure is whatever that kind of structure does which resulted in that kind of ...
... aims to explain. (Alterna6ve names for this include “teleofunc6on.”) • Millikan’s view is that the proper func6on of a structure is whatever that kind of structure does which resulted in that kind of ...
PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
... any given linguistic expression (such as the word “sings”) and its sense? a. The two are unrelated. b. Every speaker gets to decide to which sense any given linguistic expression corresponds. c. The sense of a term is related by linguistic convention to the linguistic expression to which it correspo ...
... any given linguistic expression (such as the word “sings”) and its sense? a. The two are unrelated. b. Every speaker gets to decide to which sense any given linguistic expression corresponds. c. The sense of a term is related by linguistic convention to the linguistic expression to which it correspo ...
2 Lab 2 – October 10th, 2016
... a) S = {∀x ∃y Q(x, y), ∀x ¬Q(x, x)}; b) S = {∃x ∀y Q(x, y), ∀x ¬Q(x, x)}; c) S = {∀x (P (x) ∨ R(x)), ¬∃x R(x), ¬P (a)}. Solution. a) S is satisfiable. Its model is, for instance, the following interpretation: U = N, [[Q]] is the relation < on the set N, i.e. [[Q]] = {(m, n) | m < n}. Then for every ...
... a) S = {∀x ∃y Q(x, y), ∀x ¬Q(x, x)}; b) S = {∃x ∀y Q(x, y), ∀x ¬Q(x, x)}; c) S = {∀x (P (x) ∨ R(x)), ¬∃x R(x), ¬P (a)}. Solution. a) S is satisfiable. Its model is, for instance, the following interpretation: U = N, [[Q]] is the relation < on the set N, i.e. [[Q]] = {(m, n) | m < n}. Then for every ...
Logic
... there is exactly one line passing through P, parallel to L. • Hyperbolic: Given a line L and a point P not on L, there are at least two lines passing through P, parallel to L. • Elliptic: Given a line L and a point P not on L, there are no lines passing through P, parallel to L. ...
... there is exactly one line passing through P, parallel to L. • Hyperbolic: Given a line L and a point P not on L, there are at least two lines passing through P, parallel to L. • Elliptic: Given a line L and a point P not on L, there are no lines passing through P, parallel to L. ...
CS 40: Foundations of Computer Science
... b)This question concerns ¬ e → ¬ s. This is equivalent to its contrapositive, s → e. That doesn't seem to follow from our assumptions, so let's find a case in which the assumptions hold but this conditional statement does not. This conditional statement fails in the case in which s is true and e is ...
... b)This question concerns ¬ e → ¬ s. This is equivalent to its contrapositive, s → e. That doesn't seem to follow from our assumptions, so let's find a case in which the assumptions hold but this conditional statement does not. This conditional statement fails in the case in which s is true and e is ...
True
... Simple recursive process evaluates an arbitrary sentence, e.g., ¬P1,2 ∧ (P2,2 ∨ P3,1) = true ∧ (true ∨ false) = true ∧ true = true ...
... Simple recursive process evaluates an arbitrary sentence, e.g., ¬P1,2 ∧ (P2,2 ∨ P3,1) = true ∧ (true ∨ false) = true ∧ true = true ...
