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1 Chapter 17: Relative Pronouns and Clauses. Chapter 17 covers
1 Chapter 17: Relative Pronouns and Clauses. Chapter 17 covers

... eats," and "my fish eats" where the relative pronoun is omitted. Each of these relative clauses is really a little, separate thought, a separate sentence with its own grammar. In the clause "who eats fish," "who" functions as the subject, "eats" is the verb, and "fish" is the direct object. If you t ...
English Word Order and the Principle of FSP - Žmogus ir žodis
English Word Order and the Principle of FSP - Žmogus ir žodis

... The Circumstance which is shifted towards the beginning of the sentence functions as Theme. It serves to locate the entity in place. Besides its main discourse function of linking, the Circumstance receives emphasis and gives a pause before the meaning of the sentence is completed. Such an effect is ...
Sentence Types - Thompson`s Home Page
Sentence Types - Thompson`s Home Page

... Phrase: A phrase is a group of words that does not contain both a subject and a verb Example: swimming in the pool (Who is swimming? No subject here. Get it?) Clause: A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. Example: I swim. (I = subject; swim = verb – Of course this clause c ...
Chapter 1: The basics Chapter 1.1 • Understand vocabulary
Chapter 1: The basics Chapter 1.1 • Understand vocabulary

... at the top of; close to; down; across; To your right; near to; above; to your left; towards; under;  between; to; by; on; beyond (to the West)  ...
Sentence Skills Review
Sentence Skills Review

... Sarah wanted to study accounting, art, and nursing while she was in college. (This sentence is parallel: the simple noun form of each college subject is used. It is much easier to read.) ...
PowerPoint - Ms. Emily Mullins
PowerPoint - Ms. Emily Mullins

... Check your answers—the following underlined parts of the sentences are the independent clause(s). Odysseus and his men had many difficulties, but Odysseus did everything he could to get them home safely. Penelope waited for Odysseus although he had been away from home for 20 years. As long as the su ...
Nominative quī quae quod who cuius cuius cuius whose / cui cui cui
Nominative quī quae quod who cuius cuius cuius whose / cui cui cui

... Relative “who” as follows… o “who” is one of the few words that inflects or declines in English: Pronoun o the word “who” can only be the subject of a verb in English o the possessive form in English is “whose” o the object is always “whom”: “whom” (direct object), “(to/for) whom” (indirect object), ...
Writing - Valencia College
Writing - Valencia College

... It had rained (past tense in time) I had a date (past tense possession) Some rare cases require both forms to communicate something specific: I had had a date. (He once did, but the date was cancelled. He no longer has the date) I had a date (The date occurred and is now over) To decide verb tense w ...
Writing - Valencia College
Writing - Valencia College

... It had rained (past tense in time) I had a date (past tense possession) Some rare cases require both forms to communicate something specific: I had had a date. (He once did, but the date was cancelled. He no longer has the date) I had a date (The date occurred and is now over) To decide verb tense w ...
RO Sent. ans
RO Sent. ans

... campus. This school was built in 1912 with money and land donated by a cotton merchant, William Marsh Rice. The campus looks like a medieval city because the architecture is not modern. Although Rice is a private school everyone can go to its public places, such as the athletic facilities, book stor ...
Using Commas After Introductory Words, Phrases, and Clauses
Using Commas After Introductory Words, Phrases, and Clauses

... Note: This section includes some common examples that signal to a writer that a comma is usually needed after an introductory element. These examples are based on the ELAR TEKS for grades 6–8. This section does not represent all of the different types of introductory words, phrases, or clauses that ...
Misplaced, Interrupting, and Dangling Modifiers
Misplaced, Interrupting, and Dangling Modifiers

... A misplaced modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that is located incorrectly in relation to the word or words it modifies. Types of misplaced modifiers include the following: 1) limiting modifiers, 2) phrases and clauses, and 3) squinting modifiers. Modifiers (adjectives, adverbs, and various kinds ...
Using Pronouns
Using Pronouns

... French, for instance, the word for the is le when used of a male (as in le garçon, the boy) and la when used of a female (as in la femme, the woman). In English, gender affects only personal pronouns referring to a single being or thing in the third person. (I and we are first-person pronouns; you i ...
V. Pitfalls in Grammar and Rhetoric – Part III Pronouns: Pronouns
V. Pitfalls in Grammar and Rhetoric – Part III Pronouns: Pronouns

... #40. Economics is an interesting subject. They seem to be so logical. (Note this is an example of an unclear antecedent for "they") ...
Clauses Clause elements - Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e
Clauses Clause elements - Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e

... Subordinate clauses They can be introduced by a subordinator or Ø. They are of three kinds. • Relative clauses: they function as a postmodifier of N, and are introduced by a relative pronoun, sometimes by Ø when the pronoun is the Object. (1) This is the present which my cousin sent me. (2) The wait ...
The Fragment
The Fragment

... Rather than starting with the first sentence and reading through the piece in a normal fashion, begin with the last sentence and work your way back to the top. This way, the sentences won't flow together. You will instead see each sentence as an individual unit. A word group that does not express a ...
Chapter 3 Pronouns
Chapter 3 Pronouns

... ours and theirs can stand alone in a sentence. • Ex. The secret was theirs. Now the secret is ...
Grammar for 2013-2014 SATP English II Review
Grammar for 2013-2014 SATP English II Review

... Jack said, “We listened to ‘Stairway to Heaven’ in Jill’s car on the way home from school today.” “Let’s think about going to New Orleans,” suggested Dad, “because your grandma used to say ‘New Orleans is like no other city in the South.’” ...
Welcome to Summer School
Welcome to Summer School

... from the normal or usual syntactical structure.  Absolute comes from the Latin for loosened from or separated. We sometimes think of absolute as meaning total, (Absolute power) but really unrestricted might be closer. ...
Complete Sentences
Complete Sentences

... 1. In the past a college education in America was a privilege for a few people, today, higher education has become a necessity for the many. 2. In the year 1295 Edward I of England gave the Dutch permission to fish in English waters later the English regretted this generosity when the Dutch became a ...
Sentence Connectors and Transitions
Sentence Connectors and Transitions

... There are many conjunctive adverbs in English; however, some of the most common are: ADDITIONALLY, MOREOVER – connects two similar ideas HOWEVER, NEVERTHELESS, IN CONTRAST – connects two contrasting ideas THEREFORE, CONSEQUENTLY, THUS – connects a result to a preceding cause FOR EXAMPLE, FOR INSTANC ...
Pronouns
Pronouns

... American Tall Tales. ...
lecture5
lecture5

... – (discrete) infinity and creativity of language (new phrases) – Principle of Compositionality • Meaning(Phrase) = composition of Meaning(SubPart1), Meaning(SubPart2) and so on... ...
Phrasal Conjunction and Symmetric Predicates
Phrasal Conjunction and Symmetric Predicates

... 'The DOtioD markedness couesponds to the ·IIOtiOD "nOnnal state... Mos& words iD a class an: normal (U!UIIIUked): some words in a class may be accptioual (marked). The theory of mark· cdncss claims that only marked cases contribute to tho complexity a grammar. Thus. sencrali-. :zations in lan8UIIIIe ...
OBJECT PRONOUNS There are two types of object pronouns, direct
OBJECT PRONOUNS There are two types of object pronouns, direct

... There are two types of object pronouns, direct and indirect. First, let's deal with direct object pronouns. Pattern: Direct object pronouns are used to replace a noun that receives the action of a verb. They must agree with the noun they replace in gender and number. Direct Object Pronouns Direct ob ...
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Sloppy identity

In linguistics, Sloppy Identity is an interpretive issue involved in contexts like Verb Phrase Ellipsis where the identity of the pronoun in an elided VP (Verb Phrase) is not identical to the antecedent VP.For example, English allows VPs to be elided, as in example 1). The elided VP can be interpreted in at least two ways, namely as in (1a) or (1b) for this example.In (1a), the pronoun his refers to John in both the first and the second clause. This is done by assigning the same index to John and to both the “his” pronouns. This is called the “strict identity” reading because the elided VP is interpreted as being identical to the antecedent VP.In (1b), the pronoun his refers to John in the first clause, but the pronoun his in the second clause refers to Bob. This is done by assigning a different index to the pronoun his in the two clauses. In the first clause, pronoun his is co-indexed with John, in the second clause, pronoun his is co-indexed with Bob. This is called the “sloppy identity” reading because the elided VP is not interpreted as identical to the antecedent VP.1) John scratched his arm and Bob did too.This sentence can have a strict reading:1) a. Johni scratched hisi arm and Bobj [scratched hisi arm] too.Or a sloppy reading:1) b. Johni scratched hisi arm and Bobj [scratched hisj arm] too.
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