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Motor controller guide
Motor controller guide

... 2. Additional driving circuitry to convert control signals into power signals, e.g. H-bridge 3. Power required by the motors 4. Availability and ease-of-use of the control board output pins 5. Safety circuitry to prevent voltage spikes, motor damage, and avoid high thermal conditions 6. Protection d ...
Line filter design of parallel interleaved VSCs for high power
Line filter design of parallel interleaved VSCs for high power

... the overall conversion efficiency is compromised if large filter components are used [4]. They also result in increased cost of the overall converter system [7]. Therefore, the filter size should be made as small as possible to achieve efficient, compact and cost-effective WECS system. Due to the li ...
NTC thermistors for inrush current limiting, leaded and
NTC thermistors for inrush current limiting, leaded and

M CMOS-MEMS R
M CMOS-MEMS R

... Resonant beams structures are very attractive transducers for physical, chemical and biological sensors based on micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems (M-/NEMS) due to its simplicity, wide range of sensing domains, and extremely high sensitivity. This Ph.D. thesis is focused on the design, fabricatio ...
System and method for generating enlarged or reduced images
System and method for generating enlarged or reduced images

... Referring now to the drawings and particularly to pel selection system 26 and the relationship of the scan FIG. 1, there is illustrated in block diagram form, by ning elements 18 and ink jets 32 the system may be way of example, a system in accordance with the inven operated in real time or with a d ...
Power System II
Power System II

... The breaking capacity of a breaker is the product of the breaking current and the 5 min recovery voltage.The symmetrical breaking capacity is the product of symmetric breaking current and the recovery voltage. Similarly, The asymmetrical breaking capacity is the product of asymmetric breaking curren ...
PE42422 - Peregrine Semiconductor
PE42422 - Peregrine Semiconductor

... 3. Machine Model (JEDEC JESD22-A115-A). ...
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)

8 Mbit / 16 Mbit Single Operation Voltage
8 Mbit / 16 Mbit Single Operation Voltage

... The IS25CD025 are accessed through a 4-wire SPI Interface consisting of Serial Data Input/Output (SlO), Serial Data Output (SO), Serial Clock (SCK), and Chip Enable (CE#) pins. They comply with all recognized command codes and operations. The dual-output fast read operation provides and effective se ...
Magnetic Flux and Inductance
Magnetic Flux and Inductance

... Inductors most generally consist of loops of wire, often wrapped around a ferrite core, and their value of inductance is a function only of the physical configuration of the conductor along with the permeability of the material through which the flux passes. A procedure for finding the inductance is ...
IPM L1/S1-series APPLICATION NOTE
IPM L1/S1-series APPLICATION NOTE

... The maximum rise ratio of common mode voltage at the specific high level The maximum rise ratio of common mode voltage at the specific low level the ratio of the output current to the input current ...
North American UL Type 1, 2 and 3, and
North American UL Type 1, 2 and 3, and

... faults, capacitor banks, fuse and circuit breaker operation*, etc. ...
Transient Analysis
Transient Analysis

MAX3946 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features
MAX3946 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features

... MODINC registers. The appropriate Load button must be clicked to initiate a register write. The Read buttons read and display the values held in the SET_IBIAS/ SET_IMOD, IBIASMAX/IMODMAX, and BIASINC/MODINC registers. Calculated bias and modulation current values are displayed below the data-entry b ...
Transformer Calculations
Transformer Calculations

... A transformer uses both of these methods of “induction” at the same time. A basic transformer consists of two separate windings of insulated wires wound around a common iron core. The power source or supply is hooked to the primary winding, the load to be served is hooked to the secondary winding. W ...
SP331 数据资料DataSheet下载
SP331 数据资料DataSheet下载

... output, a pull–up resistor of 100kΩ to +5V should be connected to the inverting input for a logic low, or the non–inverting input for a logic high. For single-ended receivers, a pull–down resistor to ground of 5kΩ is internally connected, which will ensure a logic high output. The RS-232 receiver ha ...
AN10909 Low VCEsat transistors in medium power load switch
AN10909 Low VCEsat transistors in medium power load switch

... Figure 2 and Figure 3 show VCEsat characteristics as a function of collector current IC. The smaller the IC/IB ratio (high IB current), the deeper the transistor is in saturation, and the lower the voltage drop across the collector-emitter junction VCEsat. Deep saturation results in lowest VCEsat dr ...
256K x 4 Bit CMOS Dynamic RAM MCM514256A MCM51L4256A
256K x 4 Bit CMOS Dynamic RAM MCM514256A MCM51L4256A

... 11. VIH (min) and VIL (max) are reference levels for measuring timing of input signals. Transition times are measured between VIH and VIL. 12. An initial pause of 200 µs is required after power-up followed by 8 RAS cycles before proper device operation is guaranteed. 13. The transition time specific ...
MONTONE.42 Operating Instructions
MONTONE.42 Operating Instructions

230V FX Drives - Accu Electric Motors Inc.
230V FX Drives - Accu Electric Motors Inc.

... port. RS-423 is signal compatible with both RS-232C and RS-422 serial communications protocol. Programming of motion parameters, input/ output functions, operating modes, indexes, and setup parameters can be accomplished through this serial interface port. Amplifier status and motor position informa ...
Lightning Stroke Against Overhead Electric Lines: A Comparison
Lightning Stroke Against Overhead Electric Lines: A Comparison

Wirebondable Finishes Application Notes
Wirebondable Finishes Application Notes

... Aluminium Alloy wires (such as 1% silicon-aluminium) are generally preferred to pure aluminium wire (except in highcurrent devices) because of fine sizes and higher pull-test strengths in finished devices. Pure aluminium and 0.5% magnesium-aluminium are most commonly used in sizes larger than 100 μm ...
Liebert STS2 100A-1000A Guide Specifications (SL-20610)
Liebert STS2 100A-1000A Guide Specifications (SL-20610)

... The Static Transfer Switch shall be a three-pole, double-throw, solid-state, automatic transfer switch that is fed from two AC power sources. One source shall be designated as the preferred source, while the other is the alternate source. Selection of which input source is preferred shall be user se ...
Specification for Ring Main Unit Switchgear with circuit breakers
Specification for Ring Main Unit Switchgear with circuit breakers

... provide proof that he has already supplied equipment of the equivalent type and brand which has been in operation for at least three years. Upon the request, units shall be available either in standard compact range or in extensible versions. Details for extensibility design shall be provided includ ...
Digital Circuits.
Digital Circuits.

... of glass or the open switch, a near infinite amount of energy would be required. In purely practical terms, electrons do not move through pieces of glass or open switches and there is no current flow. No current flow means that no charge is moved and no work is done. A piece of glass or an open swit ...
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Opto-isolator



In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.
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