List six access technologies
... The transport layer operates end-to-end. - Network (or IP) layer: it ‘routes’ the segments (after breaking them down into IP datagrams) through the network [segmentation occurs at the sender, reassembly at the receiver]. The network layer runs the routing protocols that calculate the best (or shorte ...
... The transport layer operates end-to-end. - Network (or IP) layer: it ‘routes’ the segments (after breaking them down into IP datagrams) through the network [segmentation occurs at the sender, reassembly at the receiver]. The network layer runs the routing protocols that calculate the best (or shorte ...
Sender window includes bytes sent but not acknowledged
... • Nagle's specified a way of dealing with what he called the small packet problem. ...
... • Nagle's specified a way of dealing with what he called the small packet problem. ...
例外(exception）とは何か
... - Sender and receiver establish and maintain a connection when they have data to exchange - Sender requests “connection” to receiver, waits for network to form connection, keeps the connection till no longer use, and terminates connection. - Network receives connection request, form path specified d ...
... - Sender and receiver establish and maintain a connection when they have data to exchange - Sender requests “connection” to receiver, waits for network to form connection, keeps the connection till no longer use, and terminates connection. - Network receives connection request, form path specified d ...
PPT
... What’s the Internet: a service view • communication infrastructure enables distributed applications: • WWW, email, games, databases,e-commerce, voting, • more? ...
... What’s the Internet: a service view • communication infrastructure enables distributed applications: • WWW, email, games, databases,e-commerce, voting, • more? ...
EECC694 - Shaaban
... counter, are usually used to generate initial TPDU sequence numbers for new connections. – This clock is assumed to keep running even if the host crashes. – The clock frequency and k are selected such that a generated initial sequence number should not repeat (i.e. be assigned to another TPDU) for a ...
... counter, are usually used to generate initial TPDU sequence numbers for new connections. – This clock is assumed to keep running even if the host crashes. – The clock frequency and k are selected such that a generated initial sequence number should not repeat (i.e. be assigned to another TPDU) for a ...
Snort Intrusion Detection
... Uses Rules to form “signatures” Modular Detection elements to form specific ...
... Uses Rules to form “signatures” Modular Detection elements to form specific ...
Introduction to networking, protocol layers, TCP/IP protocol suite
... MF : more fragments (All fragments except last one must have this bit set to true ) Fragment offset : must be a multiple of 8. Tells receiver where this fragment belongs in the datagram. Time to live : in seconds. Decrements each second or each hop, when it reaches 0 it is thrown away Protocol field ...
... MF : more fragments (All fragments except last one must have this bit set to true ) Fragment offset : must be a multiple of 8. Tells receiver where this fragment belongs in the datagram. Time to live : in seconds. Decrements each second or each hop, when it reaches 0 it is thrown away Protocol field ...
The Layers of OSI Model
... Provides reliable transfer across the physical link between two ends connected via single link Sends blocks of data (frames) with the necessary synchronization, error control and flow control Can add header and trailer Spring 2006 ...
... Provides reliable transfer across the physical link between two ends connected via single link Sends blocks of data (frames) with the necessary synchronization, error control and flow control Can add header and trailer Spring 2006 ...
Introduction
... Connection is established between the sender and the recipient before any data is transferred. All packets travel sequentially across the same physical or virtual circuit. Referred to as circuit-switched processes. Example: telephone system. The Internet is a connectionless network in which ...
... Connection is established between the sender and the recipient before any data is transferred. All packets travel sequentially across the same physical or virtual circuit. Referred to as circuit-switched processes. Example: telephone system. The Internet is a connectionless network in which ...
photo.net Introduction
... UDP/IP Adds the notion of ports Can be used to direct traffic to particular applications Adds a level of data integrity (a checksum) This, on top of what the link layer already does Not completely redundant No additional notion of reliability ...
... UDP/IP Adds the notion of ports Can be used to direct traffic to particular applications Adds a level of data integrity (a checksum) This, on top of what the link layer already does Not completely redundant No additional notion of reliability ...
Cisco Netacad Chapter 10 - Mr. Schneemann`s Web Page
... number of protocols that provide specific functionality to a variety of end-user applications. The functionality of the TCP/IP application layer protocols fit roughly into the framework of the top three layers of the OSI model: application, presentation and session layers. The OSI model Layers 5, 6, ...
... number of protocols that provide specific functionality to a variety of end-user applications. The functionality of the TCP/IP application layer protocols fit roughly into the framework of the top three layers of the OSI model: application, presentation and session layers. The OSI model Layers 5, 6, ...
Defense Techniques
... • external services (e.g. webserver, DNS) and • application gateways for internal clients – when hosts are compromised • internal traffic cannot be sniffed ...
... • external services (e.g. webserver, DNS) and • application gateways for internal clients – when hosts are compromised • internal traffic cannot be sniffed ...
Data Link Layer Switching
... Network recognizes data loss as an error Errors are displayed to the user i.e. acceptable rate of the errors Minor (for the user acceptable) error rate Network never duplicates or manipulates packets Order of sent packets is always maintained Typically connection oriented network service (CONS) on L ...
... Network recognizes data loss as an error Errors are displayed to the user i.e. acceptable rate of the errors Minor (for the user acceptable) error rate Network never duplicates or manipulates packets Order of sent packets is always maintained Typically connection oriented network service (CONS) on L ...
IT1402 -MOBILE COMPUTING
... • no explicit connection setup or tear down • optimized setup (data carried in first packet of protocol exchange) • seeks to reduce 3-way handshake on initial request – supports • header compression • segmentation /re-assembly • retransmission of lost packets • selective-retransmission • port number ...
... • no explicit connection setup or tear down • optimized setup (data carried in first packet of protocol exchange) • seeks to reduce 3-way handshake on initial request – supports • header compression • segmentation /re-assembly • retransmission of lost packets • selective-retransmission • port number ...
Intro to Information Systems
... The Microsoft Corp executive who took over the role of chief software architect from Bill Gates is to step down, following a tenure in which the Windowsmaker lost ground to Google and Apple. ...
... The Microsoft Corp executive who took over the role of chief software architect from Bill Gates is to step down, following a tenure in which the Windowsmaker lost ground to Google and Apple. ...
Network Devices
... the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. • Bridges are similar to repeaters or network hubs, devices that connect network segments at the physical layer • However a bridge works by using bridging where traffic from one network is managed rather than simply rebroadcast to adjacent network segm ...
... the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. • Bridges are similar to repeaters or network hubs, devices that connect network segments at the physical layer • However a bridge works by using bridging where traffic from one network is managed rather than simply rebroadcast to adjacent network segm ...
here
... Benefits of using VoIP Operational costs No need for two separate networks (voice and data) Rich set of free features e.g. conference, forwarding… Lower costs since only Internet access is needed Compare pricing scheme: flat for IP vs. per minute ...
... Benefits of using VoIP Operational costs No need for two separate networks (voice and data) Rich set of free features e.g. conference, forwarding… Lower costs since only Internet access is needed Compare pricing scheme: flat for IP vs. per minute ...
Document
... Routing algorithm in which each router broadcasts or multicasts information regarding the cost of reaching each of its neighbors to all nodes in the internetwork. Link state algorithms create a consistent view of the network and therefore are not prone to rou ...
... Routing algorithm in which each router broadcasts or multicasts information regarding the cost of reaching each of its neighbors to all nodes in the internetwork. Link state algorithms create a consistent view of the network and therefore are not prone to rou ...
Voice over IP
... The User Datagram Protocol (UDP), provides a simple, but unreliable message service for transaction-oriented services. Each UDP header carries both a source port identifier and destination port identifier, allowing high-level protocols to target specific applications and services among hosts. ...
... The User Datagram Protocol (UDP), provides a simple, but unreliable message service for transaction-oriented services. Each UDP header carries both a source port identifier and destination port identifier, allowing high-level protocols to target specific applications and services among hosts. ...
CSCI3421_Ch4
... When we receive a packet Transmit it to all nodes Except the one we got it from Only if the packet arrived on the link that is its own shortest path to the packet’s source ...
... When we receive a packet Transmit it to all nodes Except the one we got it from Only if the packet arrived on the link that is its own shortest path to the packet’s source ...
OSI model (Wikipedia).
... layer) and layer 3 (network layer), and thus is often protocols: the scope of the software application; the endreferred to as a “layer-2.5” protocol. It was designed to-end transport connection; the internetworking range; to provide a unified data-carrying service for both and the scope of the direct ...
... layer) and layer 3 (network layer), and thus is often protocols: the scope of the software application; the endreferred to as a “layer-2.5” protocol. It was designed to-end transport connection; the internetworking range; to provide a unified data-carrying service for both and the scope of the direct ...
Internet protocol suite
The Internet protocol suite is the computer networking model and set of communications protocols used on the Internet and similar computer networks. It is commonly known as TCP/IP, because among many protocols, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP) is the accepted and most widely used protocol in Internet. Often also called the Internet model, it was originally also known as the DoD model, because the development of the networking model was funded by DARPA, an agency of the United States Department of Defense.TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity specifying how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination. This functionality is organized into four abstraction layers which are used to sort all related protocols according to the scope of networking involved. From lowest to highest, the layers are the link layer, containing communication technologies for a single network segment (link); the internet layer, connecting hosts across independent networks, thus establishing internetworking; the transport layer handling host-to-host communication; and the application layer, which provides process-to-process application data exchange.The TCP/IP model and related protocol models are maintained by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).