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Reprint  - Horizon Research Publishing
Reprint - Horizon Research Publishing

... It has come true what dada of mass culture, Marshall McLuhan said, ‘We become what we behold.’ In the era of wireless, we become what we hold. Mobiles with SMS, texting and internet with social networking sites, blogs, twitter has gigantically changed the face of English language. Use of mobile phon ...
Language and Ethnicity in Central and Eastern Europe: Some
Language and Ethnicity in Central and Eastern Europe: Some

... were directly involved not merely in interpretation and evaluation, but through their formulation of the new national languages and the reformulation of the national community, they gained access to authority and prestige without parallel. No longer involved in the supervised legitimation of dynasti ...
Lect 17 theories1
Lect 17 theories1

... 1. Relexification or Monogenesis (1880s): relexified Portuguese protopidgin of nautical origin. 2. Universalist (1880s): similarities due to cognitive features of the human species, reflected in adult second-language learning. 3. Substratist (1880s): borrow words from lexifier but retain grammar ...
English and its Historical Development, Part 2
English and its Historical Development, Part 2

... • English is an Indo-European language. • Indo-European was discovered to be the parent language of most European, Anterior-Asian, and Indian languages. • As a rule, according to prototypical features of some of these languages, two main branches are defined in the Indo-European language tree, namel ...
Jeff Elman In what ways does language aid human cognition and
Jeff Elman In what ways does language aid human cognition and

... e. All of the above Which of the following is not a primitive form of communication? a. Kanzi the chimpanzee following cooking commands b. Vervet alarm calls c. Bee dance d. Protective coloration in butterflies e. None of the above Which of the following is true? a. There is neither a language gene ...
HCCKotreview32007
HCCKotreview32007

... 28. Heider claims by 2500 B.C. all large mammals capable of domesticated (for agriculture) were domesticated 29. Some areas of the world did not have large animals capable of being domesticated and in the Americas this prevented the rise of intensive agriculture (until the Europeans brought horses a ...
Ideology in Grammar
Ideology in Grammar

... by the discord among Czech Roma concerning the dialect they speak and choice of a suitable dialect upon which to model the standard. Mutual understandability of Roma dialects is aggravated by ethnic and social tension splitting the Roma into communities, and by disagreement about the desired outcome ...
IN MEMORIAM Jennifer Jackson
IN MEMORIAM Jennifer Jackson

... insights into the language of American politics were featured in national media. Jennifer transformed the classroom into an engaging forum where undergraduates used anthropological concepts to make sense out of contemporary social and political dramas. The nationally charged incident around the deat ...
Chapter Excerpt
Chapter Excerpt

... English is the second most spoken language in the world, with an estimated 300 million people who speak English as a second language and another 100 million who speak it as a foreign language. English provides a global connection of communication in over 45 countries. Some examples of countries whe ...
evolutionary view
evolutionary view

...  E.g. animal recognizes certain object as food, mate, etc. ...
Assessment of the Social Functions and Vitality of the Yi Language
Assessment of the Social Functions and Vitality of the Yi Language

... exactly the Yi written language) has been reduced to a sort of status symbol. Chinese is also the language used in law courts of the prefectural government, even when both the defendant(s) and the plaintiff(s) are Yis. It is quite evident that Yi does not occupy an adequate position in the work doma ...
In American English
In American English

... curriculum in America ...
Related Issue 1 Review
Related Issue 1 Review

... Related Issue One - Key Ideas for Review Chapter One - How is identity impacted by globalization? - What are the factors (key influences) that shape who you are? - How do traditions, language and clothing help to express individual identity? - What affect do collectives or groups have on identity? - ...
Spring 2013
Spring 2013

... communities ▪ transmigration, language planning, and language rights ▪ globalization, global English, and intercultural communication Examining empirical data from a variety of languages, we look for universally applicable explanations for how and why bilinguals use two (or more) languages the way t ...
History of English Part IB
History of English Part IB

... conquest and settlements of Britain. King Alfred “the Great” in 871 was able to use the language to appeal the English and his efforts saved the language. ...
PRESENTATION NAME
PRESENTATION NAME

... activities in a multinational corporation and secondly, to test the applicability of the data collection method for a larger research project. • The article describes the communication ...
1 Handout 6: Phonological variables and the sources of accent
1 Handout 6: Phonological variables and the sources of accent

... involve change to a phoneme involve change to a lexeme Example: change in (5) above Example: change in (6) affected chance, demand, can’t, aunt but not romance, band, rant, ant. Background: the Neogrammarians (Junggrammatiker, Leipzig, late 19th c.) proposed that sound changes were lexically abrupt ...
EMSE5210 - Kean University
EMSE5210 - Kean University

... Students will achieve growth toward becoming Informed, Dynamic Professionals based on the School of Education NCATE Spectrum Model as evidenced by proficiency in Knowledge acquisition, Skill application, and Value development. The student will: A. develop effective teaching strategies based on the p ...
Does Broca`s play by the rules?
Does Broca`s play by the rules?

... If the increasing engagement of Broca’s area over time truly can be taken as an index of UG, it could be used as a tool to compare competing conceptions of language. For example, whereas Chomsky described the formation of yes/no questions (Fig. 1) in terms of a transformation that ‘moves’ the main a ...
Book Review: Language, Culture, and Society
Book Review: Language, Culture, and Society

... Chapter 13 includes information on language and gender. Very interesting discussions relate to the distinction between grammatical gender and sex. Lexical elements such as pronouns ‘she’ and ‘hers’ vs ‘he’ and ‘his’ and nouns like ‘Latina’ and ‘Latino’ in Spanish, or French ‘chat’ and ‘chatte’ for m ...
PowerPoint - Council of Europe
PowerPoint - Council of Europe

... motivated learners and have positive attitudes towards school … [they] often perform at levels significantly lower than their native peers”  When poor performance at school is languagerelated, it is attributable above all to difficulties in mastering academic language - the terminology and forms of ...
Loss and renewal: Australian Languages Since
Loss and renewal: Australian Languages Since

... contents in relatively non-technical language for a readership of non-linguists, and at the same time provide a sample of the kinds of changes to language that have taken place throughout Australian post-contact history.1 ...
At two months of age
At two months of age

... 1. What would you say to a person who claimed that reading to an infant or a toddler is a waste of time because of their limited language skills? 2. If a toddler doesn’t want to be read to, do you think his parents or teachers should try to get him interested in books? If so, how do you think they s ...
Look Inside
Look Inside

... In this book… … you will use British In particular, you will use the variety that has come to be known as ‘BBC English as a model English’. BBC English is the pronunciation used by speakers such as newsreaders for pronunciation. and announcers on television and radio, including the World Service. So ...
Linguistic Relativity
Linguistic Relativity

... of color lexicons. These findings at first partially disregarded because of the grounds of their research: they used literature research instead of field work, the countries they researched were predominantly industrialized and literate, and the participants also spoke English as a second language. ...
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World Englishes

World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom or the United States. The study of World Englishes consists of identifying varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally and analyzing how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of English in different regions of the world.The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to examine concepts of regional Englishes globally. Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness, comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of English as an international and intra-national language. In 1988, at a Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, the International Committee of the Study of World Englishes (ICWE) was formed. In 1992, the ICWE formally launched the International Association for World Englishes (IAWE) at a conference of ""World Englishes Today"", at the University of Illinois, USA. There is now an academic journal devoted to the study of this topic, titled World Englishes.Currently, there are approximately 75 territories where English is spoken either as a first language (L1) or as an unofficial or institutionalized second language (L2) in fields such as government, law and education. It is difficult to establish the total number of Englishes in the world, as new varieties of English are constantly being developed and discovered.
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