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Folie 1 - Ocean in a High
Folie 1 - Ocean in a High

... Figure 2. Comparison of the effects of direct CO2 injection and the carbonate dissolution technique (= ALW), both released into the deep-ocean (mean depth: 1950 m), on atmospheric CO2 content (top panel) and deep-ocean pH (bottom panel) 1000 years after injection. If the ocean's anthropogenic carbon ...
File
File

... the surrounding generally flat sea floor (abyssal plain) by as much as 1.5 km. In addition he found that the deepest parts of the oceans were very close to continental margins in the Pacific with Ocean Trenches extending down to depths of over 11 km in the case of the Marianas Trench off the coast o ...
Arnaud_lecture8
Arnaud_lecture8

... evaporation ...
Tectonic Plates
Tectonic Plates

... All nonrenewable mineral resources exist in finite amounts, and as we get closer to depleting any mineral resource, the environmental impacts of extracting it generally become more harmful. Relatively abundant deposits of iron and aluminum (bauxite) Scarce : manganese,chromium,cobalt,platinum An inc ...
Exploring the Ocean 2014
Exploring the Ocean 2014

... from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.  Driven by the sun.  The ocean is an important part of the water cycle because nearly all of Earth’s water is in the ocean. ...
Research on Solid Waste Pollution along the Israeli Mediterranean
Research on Solid Waste Pollution along the Israeli Mediterranean

... Haifa, EcoOcean and the Ministry of Environmental Protection's Marine and Coast Division, from spring 2013 until August 2015. The report present first comprehensive and comparative data on Israeli coastal and marine debris. The data include marine litter and micro-plastic abundances in the Mediterr ...
Negotiating Transgovernmentalization of Environmental
Negotiating Transgovernmentalization of Environmental

... Different levels of economic development Different government structures and levels of democracy Different levels of freedom of the media Little trade between the parties ...
Greenhouse Earth
Greenhouse Earth

... salty Mediterranean Sea water that flows into the Atlantic • Warmer water is denser due to high salinity it gains by strong evaporation ...
Oceans 11 Bathymetry and the Use of Technology Name Date Our
Oceans 11 Bathymetry and the Use of Technology Name Date Our

... cycles per second, is transmitted from a sensor on the satellite, travels to the ocean surface and bounces back to the satellite. The time it takes the energy to return to the satellite is used to measure the distance to the sea surface very precisely (within accuracies of less than an inch!) ...
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Monitoring: the initial observing system

... the term ‘operational’ is used in the sense of being implemented widely and easily, using simple, inexpensive, standardised techniques operated automatically or by technicians rather then by scientists. Provide timely data for nowcast ...
Limited Distribution
Limited Distribution

... Our understanding of the oceanographic processes of the Indian Ocean as a water body is still inadequate. There are huge gaps in data availability. Basin scale studies within the collaboration, co-operation and contribution from the Indian Ocean RIM countries are needed. Countrywise development in t ...
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Satellites reveal how sea level rise changes our

... social, economic and ecological value. Thus, even a small but permanent rise in sea level could have major consequences. According to the International Panel on Climate Change, climate change may also contribute to upward trends in extremely high waters around the coasts. The effects would be partic ...
2013年1月12日托福写作真题回忆
2013年1月12日托福写作真题回忆

... basins has yet been given. The traditional view supposes that the upper mantle of the earth behaves as a liquid when it is subjected to small forces for long periods and that differences in temperature under oceans and continents are sufficient to produce convection in the mantle of the earth with r ...
Smart Oceans Backgrounder
Smart Oceans Backgrounder

... Canadians.  It  leverages  the  unique  capabilities  of  the  world’s  most  advanced  cabled  ocean   observatories  to  inform  public  and  marine  safety  and  environmental  monitoring.  Made  possible   through  funding  from  Transport ...
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Lecture 14 Oceans and Coastal Processes u

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IEAGHG Information Paper; 2013-IP30; New Report on Ocean Acidification
IEAGHG Information Paper; 2013-IP30; New Report on Ocean Acidification

... the fact that more than twice as many scientists participated in the Monterey symposium compared to the previous symposium four years earlier. The Summary for Policymakers of this report can be found at: http://www.igbp.net/publications/summariesforpolicymakers/summariesforpolicymakers/oceanaci difi ...
PDF: Printable Press Release
PDF: Printable Press Release

... Smith says that gliders bring several potential benefits to ocean research. For one, because they’re propelled by buoyancy changes rather than an energy-hungry motor, they can remain in the water for months at a time before needing a recharge (the current world record is a 4,500-mile transatlantic c ...
Wave powered autonomous surface vessels as components of
Wave powered autonomous surface vessels as components of

... Payload may include a variety of observational equipment. Because they have no motor and no propeller and because they have a portion of the vehicle already at depth, wave gliders make good listening platforms. A connection for a hydrophone is placed at the tail of the glider. The length of the hydr ...
Life in the Ocean - Faculty Bennington
Life in the Ocean - Faculty Bennington

... buoys up organisms, obviating the need for structural supports of cellulose or bone to counteract gravity. Life underwater has a unique hue as well. Water absorbs light differently than air does. Shorter wavelengths—such as those of the blues and greens—penetrate more deeply than the longer waveleng ...
The Earth`s Oceans - PAMS-Doyle
The Earth`s Oceans - PAMS-Doyle

... rapidly, less dense warm water floats on top of the more dense cold water ...
Multiple-Choice Questions - Raleigh Charter High School
Multiple-Choice Questions - Raleigh Charter High School

... Multiple-Choice Questions ...
Ocean Challenge badge - The Scottish Association for Marine Science
Ocean Challenge badge - The Scottish Association for Marine Science

... sheet 2 (the bingo sheet). They can start by filling in the names of the oceans they are in charge of in the correct boxes. The girls should write the name of each ocean their patrol is in charge of on a sticker and stick it on their foreheads but they should remain in their patrols and not let the ...
Climate change effects on the marine environment and fisheries
Climate change effects on the marine environment and fisheries

... Pomatomus saltatrix and whitebait. The poor lobster puerulus Refinement of these relationships settlement and the 2010/11 marine is continuing as results of ongoing Beached Australian salmon and Australian herring on a beach heat wave effects on abalone, monitoring become available. near Albany. Pho ...
The Carbon Cycle
The Carbon Cycle

... remain relatively constant during short-term fluctuations. ...
1 One of the most important aspects of understanding ocean life is
1 One of the most important aspects of understanding ocean life is

... opposed to making in situ measurements. Passive sensors, such as cameras, measure radiation or particles passively intercepted by the spacecraft. Radar is an example of an active sensor. Data from the TOPEX/Poseidon satellite are used to map ocean currents whose patterns have a profound effect on o ...
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Marine pollution



Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.
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