The ecology of transfer of mobile genetic elements
... given by societal questions about the impact of genetically modi¢ed organisms in nature as well as on the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in natural habitats. However, the intricacies of HGT processes in natural settings, including the in situ phenomena of signalling, recognition, cell-to-cell ...
... given by societal questions about the impact of genetically modi¢ed organisms in nature as well as on the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in natural habitats. However, the intricacies of HGT processes in natural settings, including the in situ phenomena of signalling, recognition, cell-to-cell ...
The spread of plasmids as a function of bacterial adaptability
... among the various plasmid groups is different (e.g. tra genes of IncW plasmids comprise about 15 kb, tra genes of IncH1 plasmids about 130 kb). From a taxonomic point of view it is important that some plasmids perform conjugative D N A transfer and vegetative replication within a wide range of host ...
... among the various plasmid groups is different (e.g. tra genes of IncW plasmids comprise about 15 kb, tra genes of IncH1 plasmids about 130 kb). From a taxonomic point of view it is important that some plasmids perform conjugative D N A transfer and vegetative replication within a wide range of host ...
Molecular Microbial Ecology Symbiosis
... Building 1540-121, mobile 60 20 26 59 andreas.schramm@biology.au.dk Background Millions of microbial species on Earth sustain nature’s element cycles or interact in (mostly) beneficial ways with macroorganisms; only few of these microbes are known to date. We use molecular methods to study the ident ...
... Building 1540-121, mobile 60 20 26 59 andreas.schramm@biology.au.dk Background Millions of microbial species on Earth sustain nature’s element cycles or interact in (mostly) beneficial ways with macroorganisms; only few of these microbes are known to date. We use molecular methods to study the ident ...
Plasma membrane acts as a selective barrier allowing nutrients to
... nonetheless, they do contain genes that originated within bacteria and have since adapted to unique environments. ...
... nonetheless, they do contain genes that originated within bacteria and have since adapted to unique environments. ...
Bacteria Quiz - NagelBeelmanScience
... ____1. The process of breaking down food into energy is called A. conjugation B. decomposer C. binary fission D. respiration ____2. The process where a cell breaks into two identical cells is called A. conjugation B. decomposer C. binary fission D. respiration ____3. The process where one bacterium ...
... ____1. The process of breaking down food into energy is called A. conjugation B. decomposer C. binary fission D. respiration ____2. The process where a cell breaks into two identical cells is called A. conjugation B. decomposer C. binary fission D. respiration ____3. The process where one bacterium ...
Bacterial Growth Metabolism - King George`s Medical University
... They are identical, may show some differences due to mutation Biotype - based on biochemical reactions Serotype - based on antigens on bacteria Phage type - susceptibility to particular phage Colicin type - substance secreted by some bacteria Molecular typing: Plasmid profile, DNA sequence ...
... They are identical, may show some differences due to mutation Biotype - based on biochemical reactions Serotype - based on antigens on bacteria Phage type - susceptibility to particular phage Colicin type - substance secreted by some bacteria Molecular typing: Plasmid profile, DNA sequence ...
Human evolution: Darwinism, genes and germs
... religion, all fall within the scope of sociobiological inquiry. All are to be put on a firm universal biological, that is, evolutionary, basis. Harvard entomologist E.O. Wilson’s book Sociobiology the New Synthesis (1975) ushered in the new field. It was followed by several others which argued for a ...
... religion, all fall within the scope of sociobiological inquiry. All are to be put on a firm universal biological, that is, evolutionary, basis. Harvard entomologist E.O. Wilson’s book Sociobiology the New Synthesis (1975) ushered in the new field. It was followed by several others which argued for a ...
Intimate Strangers - Kent City School District
... Bacteria develop resistance by acquiring genes encoding proteins that protect them from the effects of the antibiotic. In some cases the genes arise by mutation; in others, they are acquired from other bacteria that are already resistant to the antibiotic. The genes are often found on plasmids which ...
... Bacteria develop resistance by acquiring genes encoding proteins that protect them from the effects of the antibiotic. In some cases the genes arise by mutation; in others, they are acquired from other bacteria that are already resistant to the antibiotic. The genes are often found on plasmids which ...
Document
... Students are obligated to be familiar with parasites body plans, routes of parasite invasion, intermediate and definitive hosts, reservoirs of parasites and effects of infection of particular parasites. Students are obligated to conquer the knowledge of basics of genetic, clinical genetic, molecular ...
... Students are obligated to be familiar with parasites body plans, routes of parasite invasion, intermediate and definitive hosts, reservoirs of parasites and effects of infection of particular parasites. Students are obligated to conquer the knowledge of basics of genetic, clinical genetic, molecular ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... organisms. The tacit supposition of the universal tree is that all living things are related genetically, however distant. Key support for this assumption comes from the subject of this book, the genetic code, which is ubiquitous with remarkably little variation. Furthermore, the basic processes of ...
... organisms. The tacit supposition of the universal tree is that all living things are related genetically, however distant. Key support for this assumption comes from the subject of this book, the genetic code, which is ubiquitous with remarkably little variation. Furthermore, the basic processes of ...
Relationship between mutation and resistance to fluoroquinolones
... Bacteria develop resistance against the important group of antibiotics, the fluoroquinolones, in a multistep process by accumulating different kinds of mutations in several genes. The antibiotics fluoroquinolones are used to treat urinary tract infections, which are caused in 80% of the cases by the ...
... Bacteria develop resistance against the important group of antibiotics, the fluoroquinolones, in a multistep process by accumulating different kinds of mutations in several genes. The antibiotics fluoroquinolones are used to treat urinary tract infections, which are caused in 80% of the cases by the ...
R_Titball___Antibiotic_workshop
... Refreshment break and further networking Opportunity for all to put their ‘Wants’ and ‘Offers’ on the board Potential Projects Informal session to discuss potential collaborations and projects. Wrap up and close ...
... Refreshment break and further networking Opportunity for all to put their ‘Wants’ and ‘Offers’ on the board Potential Projects Informal session to discuss potential collaborations and projects. Wrap up and close ...
Molecular Diagnostics
... The four main mechanisms by which microorganisms exhibit resistance to antimicrobials are: 1. Drug inactivation or modification: e.g. enzymatic deactivation of Penicillin G in some penicillin-resistant bacteria through the production of β-lactamases. 2. Alteration of target site : e.g. alteration of ...
... The four main mechanisms by which microorganisms exhibit resistance to antimicrobials are: 1. Drug inactivation or modification: e.g. enzymatic deactivation of Penicillin G in some penicillin-resistant bacteria through the production of β-lactamases. 2. Alteration of target site : e.g. alteration of ...
doc Pathogenesis
... Many genes that encode bacterial virulence factors are encoded on plasmids and phages. These mobile genetic elements can transfer virulence factors between members of the same species or different species. Recombination can occur between the extrachromosomal elements and the bacterial chromosome, ma ...
... Many genes that encode bacterial virulence factors are encoded on plasmids and phages. These mobile genetic elements can transfer virulence factors between members of the same species or different species. Recombination can occur between the extrachromosomal elements and the bacterial chromosome, ma ...
Comparative genomics of streptococcal species
... genome, but also contained most of the known or putative GBS virulence factors. Interestingly, all of these islands also contained sequences known to be associated with mobile genetic elements, e.g., insertion sequences, proteins of phages, plasmids, and transposons, suggesting that these islands co ...
... genome, but also contained most of the known or putative GBS virulence factors. Interestingly, all of these islands also contained sequences known to be associated with mobile genetic elements, e.g., insertion sequences, proteins of phages, plasmids, and transposons, suggesting that these islands co ...
Chapter 17
... – Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) illustrates both the potential and the problems • On the positive side, 15 children treated successfully are still alive • On the negative side, three other children treated have developed leukemia (due to therapy) ...
... – Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) illustrates both the potential and the problems • On the positive side, 15 children treated successfully are still alive • On the negative side, three other children treated have developed leukemia (due to therapy) ...
1. A study was undertaken of the evolution of two species of wasps
... can be used as evolutionary clock / estimate time since divergence/separation; amount of variation indicates how closely species are related/linked; differences can indicate ancestry/sequence in which groups diverged; 4. (a) a group of ...
... can be used as evolutionary clock / estimate time since divergence/separation; amount of variation indicates how closely species are related/linked; differences can indicate ancestry/sequence in which groups diverged; 4. (a) a group of ...
Test Date - Humble ISD
... Gram-___________________ bacteria are generally more resistant to _________________________. 2. Shape – Bacteria are also grouped according to their shape. There are three major shapes: ...
... Gram-___________________ bacteria are generally more resistant to _________________________. 2. Shape – Bacteria are also grouped according to their shape. There are three major shapes: ...
Document
... 19.8 The Archaeans Archaeans are prokaryotic, but like eukaryotic cells in certain features Comparisons of structure, function, and genetic sequences put archaeans in a separate domain, between eukaryotes and bacteria Archaeans are more diverse and widely ...
... 19.8 The Archaeans Archaeans are prokaryotic, but like eukaryotic cells in certain features Comparisons of structure, function, and genetic sequences put archaeans in a separate domain, between eukaryotes and bacteria Archaeans are more diverse and widely ...
New virus - Da Bronco Plug
... Lysogenic cycle • Temperate phage only • Genome integrates into bacterial chromosome as prophage, which (1) is replicated and passed on to daughter cells and (2) can be induced to leave the chromosome and initiate a lytic cycle ...
... Lysogenic cycle • Temperate phage only • Genome integrates into bacterial chromosome as prophage, which (1) is replicated and passed on to daughter cells and (2) can be induced to leave the chromosome and initiate a lytic cycle ...
StudyBlue Guide - Microbiology Study Guides
... dying after being bitten by a small fly. You might have trypanosoma The ability of a virus to infect an organism is regulated by All of the above these are more developed and show sexual dimorphism (dioecious) nematodes which of the following infections might be mistaken for tuberculosis coccidiomyc ...
... dying after being bitten by a small fly. You might have trypanosoma The ability of a virus to infect an organism is regulated by All of the above these are more developed and show sexual dimorphism (dioecious) nematodes which of the following infections might be mistaken for tuberculosis coccidiomyc ...
Horizontal gene transfer
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction. Also termed lateral gene transfer (LGT), it contrasts with vertical transfer, the transmission of genes from the parental generation to offspring via sexual or asexual reproduction. HGT has been shown to be an important factor in the evolution of many organisms.Horizontal gene transfer is the primary reason for bacterial antibiotic resistance, and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created pesticides and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence. This horizontal gene transfer often involves temperate bacteriophages and plasmids. Genes that are responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms (e.g., via F-pilus), subsequently arming the antibiotic resistant genes' recipient against antibiotics, which is becoming a medical challenge to deal with.Most thinking in genetics has focused upon vertical transfer, but there is a growing awareness that horizontal gene transfer is a highly significant phenomenon and among single-celled organisms perhaps the dominant form of genetic transfer.Artificial horizontal gene transfer is a form of genetic engineering.