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Immune responses to human papilloma viruses
Immune responses to human papilloma viruses

... DNA approximately 20-25 per cent of women remain antibody positive. A controversial issue is whether these low levels of anti-L1 antibody protect against reinfection with the same HPV type44. This question is not easy to address. There is increasing evidence that HPV is not cleared when lesions regr ...
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis

... > Their health and wellbeing depends on you. ...
Z-DNA-specific Antibodies in Human Systemic
Z-DNA-specific Antibodies in Human Systemic

... Boston, Massachusetts 02111; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; Department of Medicine, Robert B. Brigham Division of the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 A B S T R A C T Naturally occurring a ...
Humoral Sensitization Against Rejected Grafts
Humoral Sensitization Against Rejected Grafts

... for the cellular alloimmune responses.6 It is well known that patients receiving a second graft show lower graft survival rates than nonsensitized recipients, even though sensitive crossmatch techniques facilitate second transplants with a lower risk of early graft loss.7 Therefore, an accurate anal ...
PDF
PDF

... derived macromolecules to carry out enzymatic reactions or to manufacture products. Biopharmaceutical is a therapeutic product created trough the genetic manipulation of living things, including but not limited to proteins and monoclonal antibodies, peptides, and other molecules that are not chemica ...
Trained immunity: a new avenue for tuberculosis vaccine development
Trained immunity: a new avenue for tuberculosis vaccine development

... report of an outbreak on a US naval ship where 13 exposed individuals did not develop any signs of exposure, i.e. had a negative tuberculin skin test reaction after 6 months [30]. This suggests that the protected individuals were able to mount an effective innate immune response without the involvem ...
The discontinuity theory of immunity
The discontinuity theory of immunity

... interferon (27), and that a guard-like mechanism of pyrin regulation exists in human (28). Immune mechanisms of change-detection are well known, and some were first described decades ago. However, the processes underlying the recognition of patterns, an absence of pattern, tissue damage, and functio ...
Chapter Objectives
Chapter Objectives

... The immune system (immun/o) is there to protect the entire body from a variety of harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, toxins, malignant cells, etc. Unlike other body systems the immune system is not contained within a single set of organs or vessels. The immune system depends on structures ...
Chapter 10 Lymphatic and Immune Systems Chapter Objectives
Chapter 10 Lymphatic and Immune Systems Chapter Objectives

... The immune system (immun/o) is there to protect the entire body from a variety of harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, toxins, malignant cells, etc. Unlike other body systems the immune system is not contained within a single set of organs or vessels. The immune system depends on structures ...
Transdermal Delivery of Vaccines and Proteins using a Hand
Transdermal Delivery of Vaccines and Proteins using a Hand

... than 30 seconds, approximately the same time required for syringe administration. The microstructures are less than 1 mm in length and do not reach the nerve endings in the skin; less than 3 pounds of force is required for insertion. The array is well-tolerated in humans. The immune response generat ...
Immune response and splenomegaly in B16 Melanoma
Immune response and splenomegaly in B16 Melanoma

... Humoral response is seen in Cell-free extract injected mice, but not to the same degree ...
Elements of Adaptive Immunity
Elements of Adaptive Immunity

... – Plasma cells – Majority of cells produced during B cell proliferation – Only secrete antibody molecules complementary to the specific antigen – Short-lived cells that die within a few days of activation – Their antibodies and progeny can persist ...
Australian Public Assessment Report for Multi
Australian Public Assessment Report for Multi

... Membrane Vesicles (OMV) derived from N. meningitidis serogroup B strain NZ 98/254, with the protein PorA P1.4 as the main antigen (as described in Table 1). A 0.5 mL dose of the vaccine contains 50 μg of each recombinant protein and 25 µg of the OMV measured as total protein amount. Bexsero (also ca ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLES
O A RIGINAL RTICLES

... The pneumococcus remains an extremely important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the microorganism has a number of significant virulence mechanisms, many recent studies have focused on pneumolysin, which is recognised to be one of the most important virulence factors of the organism ...
Therapeutic vaccines for cancer
Therapeutic vaccines for cancer

... Antigen-specific active immunotherapies are more suitable for reproducible, large-scale production than whole tumour or dendritic cell vaccines. Most antigenspecific immunotherapies have incorporated a single antigen, and narrow epitope specificity might have contri­buted to lack of efficacy in some ...
ADVANCED MOLECULAR THERAPIES OF THE 21ST CENTURY I
ADVANCED MOLECULAR THERAPIES OF THE 21ST CENTURY I

... In consideration comes the introduction of the socalled „biosimilar“ drugs that have special characteristics and a higher price than conventional generics. Inclusion in the reimbursement lists of modern molecular medicines afflicts greatly the budgets of the health funds, while a thorough pharmacoec ...
B-cell responses to vaccination at the extremes of age
B-cell responses to vaccination at the extremes of age

... neonatal antibody responses, depending on the antigenspecific B-cell requirements for co-stimulation. It is unclear whether infant T cells express sufficient CD40l to provide optimal CD40-mediated co-stimulation to infant B cells. Potent adjuvants (such as CpG oligonucleotides in mice) can induce ad ...
PDF printable version of 3.3 Groups with special vaccination
PDF printable version of 3.3 Groups with special vaccination

... following guidelines regarding when vaccines should and should not be used, the risk of adverse effects can be minimised. The term ‘adverse event following immunisation’ (AEFI) refers to any untoward medical occurrence that follows immunisation, whether expected or unexpected, and whether triggered ...
The Vital 90™ Days
The Vital 90™ Days

... lymphocyte function can decrease by as much as 25%-40%.1 This causes a suppression of her immune system and can lead to the onset of postpartum diseases, even when a dairy’s best management practices are in place ...
How might infant and paediatric immune responses influence
How might infant and paediatric immune responses influence

... generate a ‘sero-reactivity profile’ for each individual (11). Consistent with classic antibody assays, increasing magnitude and complexity of antibody repertoires were associated with malaria exposure and a subsequent decrease in the incidence of malaria infections (7,11). However, clustering analy ...
Antibody responses of variable lymphocyte receptors in the lamprey
Antibody responses of variable lymphocyte receptors in the lamprey

... factors have been either inconsistent or inconclusive in terms of their molecular size, antigen specificity, relative heat stability, immunoglobulin versus nonimmunoglobulin nature, and other physical characteristics7–12,17. For our analysis of the potential function of VLR antibodies in the erythro ...
ImmunoGuard - Be A Champion USA
ImmunoGuard - Be A Champion USA

... The immune system is composed of complex and highly specialized groups of cells, tissues and organs located throughout the body. In order to maintain good health, this system is called upon every day to defend us against a variety of potentially harmful substances such as microorganisms as well as t ...
Immune response to fungal infections
Immune response to fungal infections

... mucous membranes, which is complemented by cell membranes, cellular receptors and humoral factors. There has been a debate about the relative contribution of humoral and cellular immunity to host defence against fungal infections. For a long time it was considered that cell-mediated immunity (CMI) w ...
Cells
Cells

... organs from the functions of thymus. Functions of thymus: -- 4分 Positive selection Negative selection Mature T cell properties: -- 4分 ...
Invertebrate Immune Systems
Invertebrate Immune Systems

... (20), who identified the first invertebrate allorecognition receptor. Somatic diversification of this receptor can occur by alternative splicing, resulting in individual-specific forms within all tissues of the zooid. Interestingly, although potential homologues were found with other vertebrate immu ...
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Immunocontraception

In the strictest sense immunocontraception is the use of an animal's immune system to prevent it from fertilizing offspring. More generally the field of immunocontraception includes related technologies that prevent embryonic implantation.Typically immunocontraception involves the administration of a vaccine that induces an adaptive immune response which causes an animal to become temporarily infertile. Contraceptive vaccines have been used in numerous settings for the control of wildlife populations. However, experts in the field believe that major innovations are required before immunocontraception can become a practical form of contraception for human beings.Thus far immunocontraception has focused on mammals exclusively. There are several targets in mammalian sexual reproduction for immune inhibition. They can be organized into three categories.Gamete production Organisms that undergo sexual reproduction must first produce gametes, cells which have half the typical number of chromosomes of the species. Often immunity that prevents gamete production also inhibits secondary sexual characteristics and so has effects similar to castration.Gamete function After gametes are produced in sexual reproduction, two gametes must combine during fertilization to form a zygote, which again has the full typical number of chromosomes of the species. Methods that target gamete function prevent this fertilization from occurring and are true contraceptives.Gamete outcome Shortly after fertilization a zygote develops into a multicellular embryo that in turn develops into a larger organism. In placental mammals this process of gestation occurs inside the reproductive system of the mother of the embryo. Immunity that targets gamete outcome induces abortion of an embryo while it is within its mother's reproductive system.↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
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