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23-09-2014-RRA-Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Zaire ebolavirus
23-09-2014-RRA-Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Zaire ebolavirus

... On 22 March 2014, the Guinea Ministry of Health notified WHO about a rapidly evolving outbreak of EVD [18]. Investigations indicated that the first cases occurred in December 2013. Institut Pasteur in Lyon, France, confirmed a clade of Zaïre ebolavirus that is related but distinct from the viruses t ...
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of AMG 403, a
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of AMG 403, a

... conducted at three sites from 13 December 2006 through 17 January 2008. Eligible male and female subjects 18 to 65 years of age (inclusive), body weight <125 kg, and diagnosed with knee OA (as defined by the following American College of Rheumatology criteria: knee pain and radiographic evidence of ...
Policy 1.2 Diagnosis of tuberculosis– Clinical (PDF 401KB)
Policy 1.2 Diagnosis of tuberculosis– Clinical (PDF 401KB)

... Diagnosis of tuberculosis by means of x-ray alone is unreliable, because it lacks specificity. Abnormalities seen on a chest x-ray, even when characteristic of TB, may be caused by a variety of other conditions. In addition, x-ray changes do not necessarily distinguish between active and inactive TB ...
on Ondansetron(Zofran) - What are Healthy Connections?
on Ondansetron(Zofran) - What are Healthy Connections?

... risk of ondansetron use during pregnancy. The first, in 2012, was a review of data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study in the United States (16). A total of 4524 cases and 5859 controls were examined, and the authors looked specifically at 3 birth defect categories: orofacial clefts, ne ...
Full Text [Download PDF]
Full Text [Download PDF]

... Although chest wall deformity is not uncommon, severe cor pulmonale is still a very rare consequence. 8 Symptomatic treatments may include water/salt restriction and diuretics. Whether surgical treatment at this late stage would result in a better clinical outcome is still an issue of debate from cu ...
United States Medical Licensing Examination - Content Outline
United States Medical Licensing Examination - Content Outline

... The examples listed within the outline are just examples. Questions may include diseases, symptoms, etc., that are not included in the outline. The USMLE program continually reviews its examinations to ensure their content is relevant to the practice of medicine. As practice guidelines evolve or are ...
BACKGROUND MEDIA INFORMATION RHEUMATOID
BACKGROUND MEDIA INFORMATION RHEUMATOID

... No cure currently exits for rheumatoid arthritis. However, the earlier the diagnosis is made and treatment begins, the better its progression can be slowed or even stopped. What causes rheumatoid arthritis? The trigger for this disease remains unknown; however it is certain that the rheumatic sympto ...
Acid-Base and Potassium Disorders in Liver Disease
Acid-Base and Potassium Disorders in Liver Disease

... of a high urine pH may be taken as evidence of distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), although in reality this is not the case. Hence, urine pH is a misleading index of distal acidification in that the intrinsic renal capacity for distal H⫹ secretion is normal once sodium delivery is increased. This m ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... of diagnosis in many of these conditions. By correlating the clinical features and biochemical analysis with the MRI findings, we can come to a diagnosis in majority of cases. Many of the diseases if detected early are reversible and thus plays the major role of MRI in the early diagnosis so that th ...
Socioeconomic Status and Anterior Epistaxis in Adult Population
Socioeconomic Status and Anterior Epistaxis in Adult Population

... and the inappropriate use of topical nasal steroids, both of which are associated with anterior epistaxis. Many environmental factors tend to be geographical or dependent on the living condition and therefore affect people with certain postal codes more than others. Temperature, humidity and polluti ...
ECRAN European Communication on Research Awareness Needs
ECRAN European Communication on Research Awareness Needs

... Rating criteria for healthcare journalists 1 Quantification of benefits (treatment/test/product/ ...
ECRAN European Communication on Research Awareness Needs
ECRAN European Communication on Research Awareness Needs

... Rating criteria for healthcare journalists 1 Quantification of benefits (treatment/test/product/ ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... could easily be removed by use of screens. In the inter-war years the idea of a metaphorical mesh or screen began to be used to describe the process of separating out abnormality from normality amongst school-children. The application of screening to children reflected the same imperative that drove ...
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

... ¶ A titer of 1280 was used for all samples with a titer of >1280. The dilution of sera in the first well is based on the combination of a 1:10 serum dilution with an equal volume of diluted virus for a final serum dilution referred to as 1:10. In the statistical models, study participants were tre ...
Chronic Care Programme
Chronic Care Programme

... and knee can also be involved, differing per individual. Eventually, synovitis leads to erosion of the joint surface, causing deformity and loss of function.[1] Inflammation in the joints manifests itself as a soft, "doughy" swelling, causing pain and tenderness to palpation and movement, a sensatio ...
Dengue, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Confirmatory, Medical
Dengue, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Confirmatory, Medical

... “No other disease is as challenging to us as dengue because the symptoms are so unpredictable and constantly changing” – Dr. Suresh Kumar (2009). This study examined the healthcare management rendered to with Dengue/DHF from the phenomenological point of view of three staff nurses at Kalinga Provinc ...
Diagnosis and management of peripheral arterial disease. (SIGN
Diagnosis and management of peripheral arterial disease. (SIGN

... Elevated blood pressure is a well established risk factor for mortality, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Blood pressure may be elevated above a desirable upper limit of 140/90 mm Hg in around one third to one half of patients with PAD such that these patients would be considered hypertens ...
20130320023516_PEMPHIGUS
20130320023516_PEMPHIGUS

... All of these drugs may cause severe side effects, so the patient should be closely monitored by doctors. Once the outbreaks are under control, dosage is often reduced, to lessen side effects. If paraneoplastic pemphigus is diagnosed with pulmonary disease, a powerful cocktail of immune suppressant d ...
Adapting Your Community for Residents with Parkinson`s Disease
Adapting Your Community for Residents with Parkinson`s Disease

... patient/family for specific timing for PD medications ...
Validation of the paediatric appropriateness
Validation of the paediatric appropriateness

... discouraged though needed, or inpatient facilities erroneously reduced.5 On the other hand, evaluation of appropriateness of hospitalisation is a valuable method for monitoring services and informing planning or reconfiguration of services. It is essential, therefore, that before an audit tool is us ...
Module 1: Transmission and Pathogenesis
Module 1: Transmission and Pathogenesis

... disease. In fact, among people older than 5 years of age, TB disease is the leading cause of death around the world. In the United States, physicians and other health care providers are required by law to report TB cases to their state or local health department. Reporting is very important for TB c ...
Module 1: Transmission and Pathogenesis
Module 1: Transmission and Pathogenesis

... disease. In fact, among people older than 5 years of age, TB disease is the leading cause of death around the world. In the United States, physicians and other health care providers are required by law to report TB cases to their state or local health department. Reporting is very important for TB c ...
Outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa
Outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa

... On 22 March 2014, the Guinea Ministry of Health notified WHO about a rapidly evolving outbreak of EVD [18]. Investigations indicated that the first cases occurred in December 2013. Institut Pasteur in Lyon, France, confirmed a clade of Zaïre ebolavirus that is related but distinct from the viruses t ...
PROTOCOL DEVELOPMENT IMPAACT ICAB MEETING OCTOBER
PROTOCOL DEVELOPMENT IMPAACT ICAB MEETING OCTOBER

... Is a congenital anomaly/birth defect. ...
Diphtheria - Government of Manitoba
Diphtheria - Government of Manitoba

... immunization history (8). While vaccination is the only effective method of preventing the toxinmediated disease, vaccinated individuals can still be infected by the bacteria and may become asymptomatic carriers of toxin-producing strains which they can transmit to others (9). As most infections in ...
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Epidemiology



Epidemiology is the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.Major areas of epidemiological study include disease etiology, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to understand proximate and distal causes better, and engineering for exposure assessment.
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