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Slide 1
Slide 1

... •Examples are rainfall on daily basis, performance of stocks and shares, no. of hospitalisations on daily basis •Requires sophisticated analyses which account for autocorrelation – ARIMA models •Interrupted time series can be powerful method of assessing change following policy or ...
Pt Education-Chickenpox (Varicella zoster) - UWMC Health On-Line
Pt Education-Chickenpox (Varicella zoster) - UWMC Health On-Line

... precautions.” If you leave your room, you will be asked to wash your hands and to wear a gown, gloves, and a mask. Please do not use the nutrition rooms while you are in precautions. When you want a snack or water, ask a member of your health care team to bring it to you. ...
The Definition, Scope, and History of Pathology
The Definition, Scope, and History of Pathology

... of.” This course covers the basic processes underlying most diseases, important diseases of the oral cavity, and some diseases of other body systems that dental patients may exhibit. The term “disease” means a deviation from normal, now matter how slight the deviation is. Its literal definition is “ ...
HPN Daily Update - Healthcare Purchasing News
HPN Daily Update - Healthcare Purchasing News

... roof is new—and coming soon to a mall near you. The reason is commerce: Mall operators are looking for tenants that trade in entertainment and services to replace the brick-and-mortar retailers slowly being strangled by Amazon.com and its online competitors. Rents, particularly at older malls, are a ...
Chapter VI - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Chapter VI - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

... Neck Cancer and Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharygeal Carcinoma (NPC) Receiving Chemotherapy +/- Radiation Therapy ...
Social Epidemiology
Social Epidemiology

... based on sex and residency and completed a seminal work in vital statistics called the Natural and Political Observations Upon the Bills of Mortality. By the 1700s, there was a greater understanding of the specific causes of disease. A French physician, Louis René Villerme (1782–1863), recognized el ...
Module SV
Module SV

... the MAH in any market in relation to a safety concern. Significant regulatory action would include a restriction to the approved indication, a new contra-indication, a new or strengthened warning in section 4.4 of the SPC (or equivalent) or any action to suspend or revoke a marketing authorisation. ...
Fighting Infectious Disease
Fighting Infectious Disease

... mapping, Dr. John Snow learned that the source of a London cholera outbreak was a water pump like this replica. This is a major event in the history of public health. ...
Case Presentation
Case Presentation

... • Treatment of the manifestation of this disease can be difficult and should be tailored directly to the patient. Prednisone, colchicine and azathioprine have shown benefit in treating this disorder. • Recently TNF inhibitors, Etanercept and Infliximab, have been used. Etanercept has some clinical d ...
Diseases of the Digestive System
Diseases of the Digestive System

... causing mild discomfort through debilitating and potentially deadly outcomes ...
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS)
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS)

... time and affects the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. As ALS advances, the brain loses its ability to control the muscles in the body. This affects the muscles involved with voluntary movement (such as walking and mobility) as well as muscles utilized for respiration and swallowing. ALS gen ...
Standard Therapy for Active Disease in Children
Standard Therapy for Active Disease in Children

... • Treatment of tuberculosis benefits both the community as a whole and the individual patient; thus, all public health programs and private providers must not only prescribe an appropriate regimen but also ensure adherence until treatment completion. • All new and suspected cases of TB should be rep ...
word doc version
word doc version

... 1965. During the next 30 years, a further 32 epidemics of ME have been recorded along with a rising incidence of the disease. This rise culminated in a 5-8 fold increment world wide, during the period 1980-1989, since when it has remained an endemic disease with periodic epidemic potential. 40 years ...
Paediatric Infectious Diseases consults
Paediatric Infectious Diseases consults

... – Whole body MRI (Heidelberger’s whole body MRI protocol) has been recommended for disease monitoring – Radio-isotope studies assist in establishing the diagnosis and in identifying initially silent lesions ...
No 27a+b- 2016 - EPI-NEWS
No 27a+b- 2016 - EPI-NEWS

... may be absent. The condition may last for up to three months, but is only infectious in the early part of its course. Antibiotics treatment may be used to reduce the infectious period, but will only rarely affect the symptoms. The most important use of antibiotics is for post­exposure prophylaxis fo ...
SaLIVarY DIaGNOSTIcS
SaLIVarY DIaGNOSTIcS

... DNA testing can provide a diagnosis based on the kinds (quality) of pathogenic bacteria as well as bacterial load (quantity/concentration). This information allows the ability to move from a differential diagnosis based on clinical signs to a working diagnosis based on the quantity and quality of di ...
Defining Comorbidity - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public
Defining Comorbidity - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public

... in the etiology of any particular disease; hence, they are also expected to play a role in co-occurring diseases. Intuitively, diseases would be expected to cluster in an individual if they shared a common pattern of influences or if the resilience or vulnerability of the individual was altered. But ...
Rheumatoid_Arthritis_Resident_Lecture
Rheumatoid_Arthritis_Resident_Lecture

...  Physical/occupational therapy ...
Case study: acute renal failure
Case study: acute renal failure

... Hemodynamic mediated ARF: not a concern in normal individuals; yet patients with underlying GN, CKD, or hypercalcemia all need prostacyclin and PGE2 Patients with increased vasoconstrictors AII or NE – “states of volume depletion” CHF, cirrhosis, & DM are at greatest risk ...
Patient’s with problems of gas exchange
Patient’s with problems of gas exchange

...  Sensitive to heat and ultraviolet light  Estimated to affect one third of the world’s population  Cause of death in 11% of those with AIDS  Anti-TB drugs developed in 1952  Occurrence gradually decreased until 1985 ...
Demyelinating and Neurodegenerative
Demyelinating and Neurodegenerative

... commonly seen in multiple sclerosis. Waxing and waning neurological deficits in a 20-30 year old patient are suggestive of this disorder. The etiology of multiple sclerosis remains unknown. Currently, it is considered an autoimmune disease, with viral and environmental factors also playing a role in ...
Paget`s Disease
Paget`s Disease

... formed. The area where this new bone if being formed tends to be larger in size, contains new blood vessels, but is also weaker than the previous bone that was replaced. Usually the bone that is affected tends to be in one or two areas of the body, sometimes is all over. The etiology of Paget’s dise ...
Analytical Methods for Post-Marketing Safety Surveillance
Analytical Methods for Post-Marketing Safety Surveillance

... as in a random-controlled trial, but instead observe the outcome of interest (e.g., a specific adverse or other drug event) in a population that already takes the drug compared to a population that does not. Case control studies that compare individuals with the outcome of interest to a matched samp ...
Lecture 2
Lecture 2

... MUCOVISIDOSIS • The disease belongs to a hereditary metabolic diseases. In this disease disrupted the activities of all the body's exocrine glands (sweat, lacrimal, salivary, gland respiratory system and digestive tract). • The frequency of the disease in different populations. On average, occurs w ...
Guidance for acute hospital staff 260914
Guidance for acute hospital staff 260914

... Patients with a history of travel to an affected area within the last 21 days who have a fever (>38⁰C), or a history of fever in the past 24 hours, should be isolated and any further assessment carried out by staff wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Apart from fever, other symp ...
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Epidemiology



Epidemiology is the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.Major areas of epidemiological study include disease etiology, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to understand proximate and distal causes better, and engineering for exposure assessment.
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