Full-Text PDF
... who started training after the age of seven and non-musicians. This finding is often cited as evidence for a sensitive period of development for musical training during which the brain has the greatest potential to undergo neuroplastic change, and has been supported by additional cross-sectional stu ...
... who started training after the age of seven and non-musicians. This finding is often cited as evidence for a sensitive period of development for musical training during which the brain has the greatest potential to undergo neuroplastic change, and has been supported by additional cross-sectional stu ...
Functional sex differences in human primary auditory cortex
... males in some studies [22], whereas in other studies the opposite was found [23, 24] or no sex difference could be detected [25, 26]. Whether a sex difference in language processing can be detected might depend on the nature of the task [10]. Sex-based influence on activation patterns in auditory re ...
... males in some studies [22], whereas in other studies the opposite was found [23, 24] or no sex difference could be detected [25, 26]. Whether a sex difference in language processing can be detected might depend on the nature of the task [10]. Sex-based influence on activation patterns in auditory re ...
Neurological Anatomy and Physiology
... Within the brain and nervous system are specialized cells known as neurons. Neurons are responsible for delivering chemical messages to other cells to stimulate a response. This is the basis of how our nervous system works. Within the brain, there are approximately 100 billion neurons. Neurons are t ...
... Within the brain and nervous system are specialized cells known as neurons. Neurons are responsible for delivering chemical messages to other cells to stimulate a response. This is the basis of how our nervous system works. Within the brain, there are approximately 100 billion neurons. Neurons are t ...
Imaging the premotor areas Nathalie Picard* and Peter L Strick
... In monkeys, it is now established that area 6 on the medial wall of the brain contains two separate areas: the supplementary motor area proper (SMA) in the caudal portion of area 6, and the pre-SMA in the rostral portion (Figure 1a; reviewed in [2,4]). The SMA and pre-SMA are equivalent to fields F3 ...
... In monkeys, it is now established that area 6 on the medial wall of the brain contains two separate areas: the supplementary motor area proper (SMA) in the caudal portion of area 6, and the pre-SMA in the rostral portion (Figure 1a; reviewed in [2,4]). The SMA and pre-SMA are equivalent to fields F3 ...
Cortical activation and synchronization during sentence
... a morphometric study has shown that these two areas, LIFG and the posterior LSTG, show a reversal of the usual left–right size asymmetry in high-functioning autistic boys (ages 7–11 years), in whom the left-hemisphere homologue is smaller than the right (Herbert et al., 2002). Thus a number of conve ...
... a morphometric study has shown that these two areas, LIFG and the posterior LSTG, show a reversal of the usual left–right size asymmetry in high-functioning autistic boys (ages 7–11 years), in whom the left-hemisphere homologue is smaller than the right (Herbert et al., 2002). Thus a number of conve ...
Brain Abnormalities in Murderers Indicated by
... anatomical subdivisions of each identified stereotactically (Buchsbaum et al 1989). This technique has been used by at least nine different PET groups, and a review of its advantages for facilitating intrasubject and intersubject differences may be found in Harris et al (1991). Absolute glucose valu ...
... anatomical subdivisions of each identified stereotactically (Buchsbaum et al 1989). This technique has been used by at least nine different PET groups, and a review of its advantages for facilitating intrasubject and intersubject differences may be found in Harris et al (1991). Absolute glucose valu ...
Lesson plans
... Compare and contrast your list with a partner. Are there any actions your brain does you weren’t aware of? ...
... Compare and contrast your list with a partner. Are there any actions your brain does you weren’t aware of? ...
Superior digit memory of abacus experts
... abacus experts [13]. It is possible that a spatial representation of numbers is developed through abacus practice, which involves rule–based visuo-motor processing, and utilized in the digit span memory task, because it may be more efficient to mentally manipulate large numbers using a spatial repre ...
... abacus experts [13]. It is possible that a spatial representation of numbers is developed through abacus practice, which involves rule–based visuo-motor processing, and utilized in the digit span memory task, because it may be more efficient to mentally manipulate large numbers using a spatial repre ...
Long-term use of psychedelic drugs is associated with differences in
... The two-back task involved presentation of a sequence of letters. Participants had to identify if the letter was presented two steps back and make a yes/no decision. The series used comprised 100 items, 30% of which were targets. In the WCST, a pack of 48 cards was presented sequentially on a comput ...
... The two-back task involved presentation of a sequence of letters. Participants had to identify if the letter was presented two steps back and make a yes/no decision. The series used comprised 100 items, 30% of which were targets. In the WCST, a pack of 48 cards was presented sequentially on a comput ...
Abstract Book Brain Circuits for Positive Emotions
... of happiness often seems to ignore this possibility. Perhaps the best-known example of this possibility outside philosophy is one from economics: inability to defer gratification or present happiness will make you worse off. But many other cases have been described by philosophers over the centuries ...
... of happiness often seems to ignore this possibility. Perhaps the best-known example of this possibility outside philosophy is one from economics: inability to defer gratification or present happiness will make you worse off. But many other cases have been described by philosophers over the centuries ...
Critical Periods:
... – However, Beatty has argued that such differences may simply reflect sex differences in activity. That is, females are more active than males and as a consequence they may do better on active avoidance tasks because of an increased likelihood of making the association between movement to a given pa ...
... – However, Beatty has argued that such differences may simply reflect sex differences in activity. That is, females are more active than males and as a consequence they may do better on active avoidance tasks because of an increased likelihood of making the association between movement to a given pa ...
Differential roles of delay-period neural activity in the monkey
... preparatory-set cell; its discharge tends to increase as the time for an expected behavioral response of a WM task approaches. These two types of cells may participate in two complementary processes: Sensory-coupled cells hold information of stimuli, and preparatory-set cells prepare for action in r ...
... preparatory-set cell; its discharge tends to increase as the time for an expected behavioral response of a WM task approaches. These two types of cells may participate in two complementary processes: Sensory-coupled cells hold information of stimuli, and preparatory-set cells prepare for action in r ...
Brains, Bodies, and Behavior - 2012 Book Archive
... Although this chapter begins at a very low level of explanation, and although the topic of study may seem at first to be far from the everyday behaviors that we all engage in, a full understanding of the biology underlying psychological processes is an important cornerstone of your new understanding ...
... Although this chapter begins at a very low level of explanation, and although the topic of study may seem at first to be far from the everyday behaviors that we all engage in, a full understanding of the biology underlying psychological processes is an important cornerstone of your new understanding ...
A functional magnetic resonance study
... prefrontal-amygdalar-pallidostriatal-mediothalamic.7 Bias mood processing is related with abnormal MRC in depression.8,9 The decreased correlations between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and thalamus are consistent with the hypothesis that decreased cortical regulation of limbic activation in r ...
... prefrontal-amygdalar-pallidostriatal-mediothalamic.7 Bias mood processing is related with abnormal MRC in depression.8,9 The decreased correlations between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and thalamus are consistent with the hypothesis that decreased cortical regulation of limbic activation in r ...
The Brain (Handout)
... mammals solve the problem with maternal care (Figure 03b), shelter, warmth, and milk. In most birds, both parents cooperate to provide food and shelter to their young. The expanded forebrain and parental care provide mechanisms for the extra-genetic transmission of information from one generation ...
... mammals solve the problem with maternal care (Figure 03b), shelter, warmth, and milk. In most birds, both parents cooperate to provide food and shelter to their young. The expanded forebrain and parental care provide mechanisms for the extra-genetic transmission of information from one generation ...
Studying the topological organization of the cerebral blood flow
... Thresholding process for different sparsity levels to generate binary graphs. 6) Assessment of the network properties for all binary graphs obtained in 5). ...
... Thresholding process for different sparsity levels to generate binary graphs. 6) Assessment of the network properties for all binary graphs obtained in 5). ...
Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral
... The rich variation in cytoarchitectonics of the human cortex is well known to play an important role in the differentiation of cortical information processing, with functional multimodal areas noted to display more branched, more spinous, and an overall more complex cytoarchitecture. In parallel, co ...
... The rich variation in cytoarchitectonics of the human cortex is well known to play an important role in the differentiation of cortical information processing, with functional multimodal areas noted to display more branched, more spinous, and an overall more complex cytoarchitecture. In parallel, co ...
Human brain spots emotion in non humanoid
... stimuli. This is congruent with results from fMRI studies that reported emotional amplification in several visual regions of early perceptual processing (e.g. Lang et al., 1998). Now suppose that we are facing a non-humanoid robot displaying emotional and neutral patterns. We wonder whether the enco ...
... stimuli. This is congruent with results from fMRI studies that reported emotional amplification in several visual regions of early perceptual processing (e.g. Lang et al., 1998). Now suppose that we are facing a non-humanoid robot displaying emotional and neutral patterns. We wonder whether the enco ...
Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Image
... or implicit, of tonal sequences, etc. Thus, this type of imagery relies on long-term memories we have of specific musical material, or on a more abstract knowledge of musical structure, e.g. the tonal relationships in western tonal music. Non-expectant imagery may be differentiated further into two ...
... or implicit, of tonal sequences, etc. Thus, this type of imagery relies on long-term memories we have of specific musical material, or on a more abstract knowledge of musical structure, e.g. the tonal relationships in western tonal music. Non-expectant imagery may be differentiated further into two ...
Some Speculative Hypotheses about the Nature
... movie director knows. A possible explanation for this is that from an evolutionary point of view it is better to retreat ten times too often than once too few. A related explanation is that in these circumstances the emotional system overrules cognition. We are carried away even though we know ‘it’s ...
... movie director knows. A possible explanation for this is that from an evolutionary point of view it is better to retreat ten times too often than once too few. A related explanation is that in these circumstances the emotional system overrules cognition. We are carried away even though we know ‘it’s ...
ADHD: The Biology Behind the Behavior Presentation
... in memory, planning, organization, follow through in work and in family lives. Less likely to finish high school or college and tend to advance slower than their peers. ...
... in memory, planning, organization, follow through in work and in family lives. Less likely to finish high school or college and tend to advance slower than their peers. ...
Chapter 13a - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... • Between endothelial cells of CNS capillaries • Lipid-soluble compounds (O2, CO2), steroids, and prostaglandins diffuse into interstitial fluid of brain and spinal cord • Astrocytes control blood–brain barrier by releasing chemicals that control permeability of endothelium Copyright © 2010 Pearson ...
... • Between endothelial cells of CNS capillaries • Lipid-soluble compounds (O2, CO2), steroids, and prostaglandins diffuse into interstitial fluid of brain and spinal cord • Astrocytes control blood–brain barrier by releasing chemicals that control permeability of endothelium Copyright © 2010 Pearson ...
Thinking in circuits: toward neurobiological explanation in cognitive
... problems that seem to persist for other neurocomputational approaches. For example, concepts or percepts are sometimes represented as activation vectors over neuron populations (see, for example, Rogers and McClelland 2004), but it is well known that this approach runs into the problem of catastroph ...
... problems that seem to persist for other neurocomputational approaches. For example, concepts or percepts are sometimes represented as activation vectors over neuron populations (see, for example, Rogers and McClelland 2004), but it is well known that this approach runs into the problem of catastroph ...
disrupted brain thyroid hormone homeostasis
... samples, the statistical significance of sex-specific PMI effect was further confirmed by the Bonferroni test. Human data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA. All values are reported as a ...
... samples, the statistical significance of sex-specific PMI effect was further confirmed by the Bonferroni test. Human data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA. All values are reported as a ...