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Essence of Zen.vp
Essence of Zen.vp

... process of being introduced into the West. Partly on account of the reasons already adduced, and partly through being associated with different national cultures, they at first present, to the Western student, a spectacle of unmitigated difference, not to say disharmony. But we should not allow ours ...
Speech28072011
Speech28072011

... consciousness of things and of events. Qigong practitioners learn to concentrate their thoughts, to relax and to fix their attention on nothing in particular. For example, new born children know how to do abdominal breathing, while most of the adults concentrate on their lungs to breath. ...
The Impermanent Impulse: Toward a Theory of Nihilism
The Impermanent Impulse: Toward a Theory of Nihilism

... The reason for Nietzsche’s misunderstanding of Buddhism may be due to the Buddha’s emphasis of dukkha (literally means “suffering”). It is generally admitted that the term dukkha in the First Noble Truth (the first principle of the Four Noble Truths [ ]—the heart of Buddhism)6 bears an apparent mean ...
Untitled [Jessica Main on The Buddha: A Short Biography] - H-Net
Untitled [Jessica Main on The Buddha: A Short Biography] - H-Net

... and his cousin, Devadatta. The Jatakas, Strong argues, demonstrate the arduous process of spiritual perfection that a bodhisattva must undertake to become a Buddha. But they also demonstrate the Bodhisattva’s imperfections. Strong describes these as a list of the Buddha’s unwholesome deeds in his pr ...
The Divinization of the Buddha - Journal of Student Scholarhip
The Divinization of the Buddha - Journal of Student Scholarhip

... Nagasena is almost certainly fictional, the work’s attempt to explain Buddhist teachings provides an invaluable insight into the beliefs of the peoples of the region, including Indo-Greeks. The Milindapanha records so many changes that one might be talking about an entirely new religion. According t ...
The Hellenic Axel: The Greek Hellenization of Central Asia
The Hellenic Axel: The Greek Hellenization of Central Asia

... face him. After many attempts at finding enlightenment, which included extreme ascetic practices and prolonged meditational states, Siddhartha eventually experience a state of being ...
Wisdom In The Eigh
Wisdom In The Eigh

... truth of the Four Noble Truths and tested them against their experience • Buddhists who want to follow the way will be following it based on informed confidence in the soundness of the teachings rather than just blind faith ...
Socio-Cultural Aspects of Theravāda Buddhism in Nepal
Socio-Cultural Aspects of Theravāda Buddhism in Nepal

... Buddhists. Religious syncretism has become so much a part of the Newar way of life that in many cases it is quite difficult to distinguish between the followers of the two major religions. They have existed side by side for ages and one can find few instances of religious bigotry in the long history ...
Learning the Buddha`s Great Compassion
Learning the Buddha`s Great Compassion

... According to the teaching of Buddha, the reason why we continually have suffering (duhkha) in our lives is because we do not see the true reality of life and the universe as it is. The true reality that the Buddha awakened to is the law of causes and effects. According to this law of causation, noth ...
Identität in Exil. Tibetisch-Buddhistische Nonnen und das Netzwerk
Identität in Exil. Tibetisch-Buddhistische Nonnen und das Netzwerk

... public philosophical debates. The interviews with the nuns in three different exile nunneries are the core of the book. Wurst presented the nuns with a structured interview because, so she says, the nuns were reluctant, if not unwilling, to tell their life stories and share their opinions about the ...
The Question of Vegetarianism and Diet in Pāli Buddhism
The Question of Vegetarianism and Diet in Pāli Buddhism

... avoided where possible, but also in the strong sense that killing should never be carried out under any circumstances.7 We will not dwell here on the plausibility of such a view, but focus rather on its application. From the above remarks we find that a good Buddhist must never kill any “living bein ...
Tolstoy`s Views of Buddhism
Tolstoy`s Views of Buddhism

... significant Tolstoyan opinions and beliefs on Buddhism, to account for the sources of these beliefs and to make a critique of their adequacy in light of a full knowledge of Buddhist teaching. Any attempt at summary or systematization of Tolstoy's views on Buddhism should define more narrowly their n ...
Buddhism as a Religion
Buddhism as a Religion

... to Aldous Huxley, religion is, among other things, a system of education, by means of which human beings may train themselves, first to make desirable changes in their own personalities and in society, and second, to heighten consciousness and so establish more adequate relations between themselves ...
Intersubjectivity in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism
Intersubjectivity in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism

... state of flux. There are three aspects of this dependence. (1) The self arises in dependence upon prior contributing causes and conditions, such as one’s parents and all others who contribute to one’s survival, education and so on. In this way, our existence is invariably intersubjective, for we exi ...
Who are the Buddhist Deities
Who are the Buddhist Deities

... Who are the Buddhist Deities? ...
Read article - Dickinson Blogs
Read article - Dickinson Blogs

... rebirth. The scholar Ingrid Jordt suggests that with this “ultimate moral rebuke . . . by refusing to function as the “merit fields” in which the military can sow their future prosperity, the monks effectively removed the spiritual condition sustaining the regime’s power” (Human Rights Watch, “Resis ...
The electronic Journal of East and Central Asian Religions
The electronic Journal of East and Central Asian Religions

... One of the areas in the Buddho–Daoist exchange on which I spent much labour was that regarding magical language and spells in particular. On the basis of a previous survey of ritual manuals of both Daoism and Esoteric Buddhism, mainly canonical material, I figured that by concentrating on this major ...
The "Suicide" Problem in the Pāli Canon
The "Suicide" Problem in the Pāli Canon

... Pali Canon. T h e topic of suicide has been chosen not only for its intrinsic factual and historical interest but because it spotlights certain key issues in the field of Buddhist ethics and doctrine. In particular, our investigations into this phenomenon may be seen to have a bearing on the doctrin ...
Comparing East Asian and Southeast Asian Buddhism: Looking at
Comparing East Asian and Southeast Asian Buddhism: Looking at

... term is used in Indian sources, however, only as a general term for a region vaguely located ...
A-level Religious Studies Resource list Resource list: RSS09
A-level Religious Studies Resource list Resource list: RSS09

... Note: These sites change daily, however these are the best available at the time of printing http//www.sikhs.org http//www.sikh-history.com http//www.sikhnet.com http//www.allaboutsikhs.com http//www.sikhstudent.org http//www.sikhcybermuseum.org http//www.sikhspirit.com http//www.sikhmissionarysocie ...
Buddhism in China and Modern Society: An Introduction Centering
Buddhism in China and Modern Society: An Introduction Centering

... that one should “value real-life.” But why do we still need to replace that with “renjian fojiao”? Yinshun thought that Buddhism of the Human Life attached importance to correcting too much beliefs in the dead and ghosts. Buddhism for the Human Realm also try to correct this biased belief and “at th ...
Prereadings For Cultivating The Heart-min
Prereadings For Cultivating The Heart-min

... fundamental eight-fold path, and thus Buddhism. The eight factors on this way are divided into three basic trainings or components, which are interdependent. These are: wisdom (right understanding or conceptualisation and right intention, thought or vision), ethics or lifestyle (right action, speech ...
Concept Paper and Provisional Program
Concept Paper and Provisional Program

... Art and Archaeology of India, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. In recognition of the potential of South Asia’s Buddhist heritage to attract pilgrims and non-pilgrims alike, promote universal peace, and provide inclusive economic opportunities for economically disadvantaged groups, in 2004, t ...
Buddhism and the earth : environmental thought in early Buddhist
Buddhism and the earth : environmental thought in early Buddhist

... also be translated as suffering or unsatisfactoriness) (Sanskrit - dukkha): birth is dukkha, old age is dukkha, sickness is dukkha, death is dukkha, sorrow, lannentation, dejection and despair are dukkha. Contact with unpleasant things is dukkha, not getting what one wishes is dukkha. In short, the ...
Mental Balance and Well-Being - Santa Barbara Institute for
Mental Balance and Well-Being - Santa Barbara Institute for

... emphases. But there is also great internal diversity within each of these large traditions, and Buddhism continues to evolve today, not only throughout Asia but worldwide (Harvey, 1990; Mitchell, 2002). Among the many schools of Buddhism that have developed over its long history, in this article we ...
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Buddhism



Buddhism /ˈbudɪzəm/ is a nontheistic religion or philosophy (Sanskrit: dharma; Pali: धम्म dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha (""the awakened one"").According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He is recognized by Buddhists as an awakened or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving. Buddhists believe that this is accomplished through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths.Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada (""The School of the Elders"") and Mahayana (""The Great Vehicle""). Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia (Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, etc.). Mahayana is found throughout East Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Singapore, Taiwan, etc.) and includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Tibetan Buddhism, as practiced in Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal, the Himalayan region of India, Kalmykia, Mongolia and surrounding areas, preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.In Theravada Buddhism, the ultimate goal is the attainment of the sublime state of Nirvana, achieved by practicing the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way), thus escaping what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth. Mahayana Buddhism instead aspires to Buddhahood via the bodhisattva path, a state wherein one remains in this cycle to help other beings reach awakening. Tibetan Buddhism aspires to Buddhahood or rainbow body.Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. One consistent belief held by all Buddhist schools is the lack of a creator deity. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking ""refuge in the triple gem"" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices may include following ethical precepts; support of the monastic community; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
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