A PROPERTY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FLUX IN NON
... tons). We will investigate however the various possibilities that may arise in general in pure SU(N) gauge theories. In particular we will show that the energy of an electric flux is related to that of a magnetic flux by a dually symmetric formula. We will spell out in detail why, in the case of N < ...
... tons). We will investigate however the various possibilities that may arise in general in pure SU(N) gauge theories. In particular we will show that the energy of an electric flux is related to that of a magnetic flux by a dually symmetric formula. We will spell out in detail why, in the case of N < ...
Li−Fe−P−O2 Phase Diagram from First Principles Calculations
... were calculated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) approximation to density functional theory (DFT) and the DFT+U extension to it. Considering only the entropy of gaseous phases, the phase diagram was constructed as a function of oxidation conditions, with the oxygen chemical potenti ...
... were calculated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) approximation to density functional theory (DFT) and the DFT+U extension to it. Considering only the entropy of gaseous phases, the phase diagram was constructed as a function of oxidation conditions, with the oxygen chemical potenti ...
Ocean circulation generated magnetic signals
... of Laske and Masters (1997) and calculated by a heuristic procedure similar to that described in Everett et al. (2003). Figure 1 presents the map of the surface shell conductance of 0.25◦ × 0.25◦ resolution. For the underlying spherical conductor we choose a four-layer Earth model (similar to that d ...
... of Laske and Masters (1997) and calculated by a heuristic procedure similar to that described in Everett et al. (2003). Figure 1 presents the map of the surface shell conductance of 0.25◦ × 0.25◦ resolution. For the underlying spherical conductor we choose a four-layer Earth model (similar to that d ...
Scanning Quantum Cryogenic Atom Microscope
... over a finite scan area, where Φ0 is the magnetic flux quantum. (4) The magnetic field noise floor (in picoteslas) via Allan deviation measurements, which determines the minimum detectable field provided by averaging. (5) Spatial resolutions (in micrometers) of both the field at the BEC and the curr ...
... over a finite scan area, where Φ0 is the magnetic flux quantum. (4) The magnetic field noise floor (in picoteslas) via Allan deviation measurements, which determines the minimum detectable field provided by averaging. (5) Spatial resolutions (in micrometers) of both the field at the BEC and the curr ...
Two-dimensional Spin Ice and the Sixteen-Vertex Model
... the experimental situation. We show that the sixteen-vertex model gives an accurate description of the thermodynamics of artificial spin-ice samples. Our theoretical results are in quasi-quantitative agreement with experimental data obtained in as-grown samples away from the expected critical point. ...
... the experimental situation. We show that the sixteen-vertex model gives an accurate description of the thermodynamics of artificial spin-ice samples. Our theoretical results are in quasi-quantitative agreement with experimental data obtained in as-grown samples away from the expected critical point. ...
Particle Physics in the LHC Era - SUrface
... Physics - Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact surface@syr.edu. ...
... Physics - Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact surface@syr.edu. ...
Symmetry_of_Properties - IITK - Indian Institute of Technology
... application of magnetic field can lead to magnetization. In addition there can be cross-coupling terms, i.e. one kind of stimulus can lead to properties, which are not naturally associated with it. E.g.: application of pressure can lead to electric polarization (piezoelectricity), presence o ...
... application of magnetic field can lead to magnetization. In addition there can be cross-coupling terms, i.e. one kind of stimulus can lead to properties, which are not naturally associated with it. E.g.: application of pressure can lead to electric polarization (piezoelectricity), presence o ...
Early Atomic Models – From Mechanical to Quantum
... birth of the quantum atom in 1913. Beginning with almost no understanding of atoms other than their chemical and spectral properties, physicists were handed important clues to their i ...
... birth of the quantum atom in 1913. Beginning with almost no understanding of atoms other than their chemical and spectral properties, physicists were handed important clues to their i ...
Charge trapping properties at silicon nitride/silicon oxide interface
... charge trapping properties, a systematical study of all these trapping properties for both electron and hole on one specific sample set using the same experimental method is highly desirable. In this work, we employ the technique of variabletemperature electrostatic force microscopy 共EFM兲 to study t ...
... charge trapping properties, a systematical study of all these trapping properties for both electron and hole on one specific sample set using the same experimental method is highly desirable. In this work, we employ the technique of variabletemperature electrostatic force microscopy 共EFM兲 to study t ...
Isolated-core excitations in strong electric fields. II. Experimental results in magnesium
... excitation scheme. The ICE spectrum only consists of sharp Stark states without any broad features. The width of the Stark states is 1 cm⫺1 and the spacing in a field of 1600 V/cm is also 3 cm⫺1 . In all fields the shakeup width is about 50 cm⫺1 . In the ICE spectra of initial low-l states in high f ...
... excitation scheme. The ICE spectrum only consists of sharp Stark states without any broad features. The width of the Stark states is 1 cm⫺1 and the spacing in a field of 1600 V/cm is also 3 cm⫺1 . In all fields the shakeup width is about 50 cm⫺1 . In the ICE spectra of initial low-l states in high f ...
Density Functional Theory and Group Theoretical Analysis in the
... can be reversed by the application of an external electric field is said to be ferroelectric. Ferroelectricity has long been an important topic in condensed-matter with important applications in memory devices [1]. The connection between ferroelectricity and organics was established in 1920 with the ...
... can be reversed by the application of an external electric field is said to be ferroelectric. Ferroelectricity has long been an important topic in condensed-matter with important applications in memory devices [1]. The connection between ferroelectricity and organics was established in 1920 with the ...
Dislocations
... the surface energy just described. The magnitude of this energy depends on the degree of misorientation, being larger for high-angle boundaries. ● impurity atoms often preferentially segregate along these boundaries because of their higher energy state. ● The total interfacial energy is lower in lar ...
... the surface energy just described. The magnitude of this energy depends on the degree of misorientation, being larger for high-angle boundaries. ● impurity atoms often preferentially segregate along these boundaries because of their higher energy state. ● The total interfacial energy is lower in lar ...
Study of Charge, Spin, and Orbital States in Novel Transition
... ransition-metal compounds show legions of stunning properties – both macroscopically and microscopically – such as giant magnetorestance, superconductivity, charge- and spin-density waves, metal-insulator transitions, spin-state transitions. But, unfortunately, correlated systems are difficult to de ...
... ransition-metal compounds show legions of stunning properties – both macroscopically and microscopically – such as giant magnetorestance, superconductivity, charge- and spin-density waves, metal-insulator transitions, spin-state transitions. But, unfortunately, correlated systems are difficult to de ...
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is a branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by using physical laws. In particular, these include the laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose–Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems. The study of condensed matter physics involves measuring various material properties via experimental probes along with using techniques of theoretical physics to develop mathematical models that help in understanding physical behavior.The diversity of systems and phenomena available for study makes condensed matter physics the most active field of contemporary physics: one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists, and the Division of Condensed Matter Physics is the largest division at the American Physical Society. The field overlaps with chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology, and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particle and nuclear physics.A variety of topics in physics such as crystallography, metallurgy, elasticity, magnetism, etc., were treated as distinct areas, until the 1940s when they were grouped together as solid state physics. Around the 1960s, the study of physical properties of liquids was added to this list, forming the basis for the new, related specialty of condensed matter physics. According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by him and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from ""Solid state theory"" to ""Theory of Condensed Matter"" in 1967, as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on. Although Anderson and Heine helped popularize the name ""condensed matter"", it had been present in Europe for some years, most prominently in the form of a journal published in English, French, and German by Springer-Verlag titled Physics of Condensed Matter, which was launched in 1963. The funding environment and Cold War politics of the 1960s and 1970s were also factors that lead some physicists to prefer the name ""condensed matter physics"", which emphasized the commonality of scientific problems encountered by physicists working on solids, liquids, plasmas, and other complex matter, over ""solid state physics"", which was often associated with the industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. The Bell Telephone Laboratories was one of the first institutes to conduct a research program in condensed matter physics.References to ""condensed"" state can be traced to earlier sources. For example, in the introduction to his 1947 ""Kinetic theory of liquids"" book, Yakov Frenkel proposed that ""The kinetic theory of liquids must accordingly be developed as a generalization and extension of the kinetic theory of solid bodies"". As a matter of fact, it would be more correct to unify them under the title of ""condensed bodies"".