Nonlinear Phase Noise
... If the optical pulse has a period of T, the average channel power is Po = I A o 1 2 & ~ o / ~The ...
... If the optical pulse has a period of T, the average channel power is Po = I A o 1 2 & ~ o / ~The ...
Physics Notes
... The terms “theory” and “law” developed organically, so any definition of either term must acknowledge that common usage, both within and outside of the scientific community, will not always be consistent with the definitions. A theory is a model that attempts to explain why or how something happens. ...
... The terms “theory” and “law” developed organically, so any definition of either term must acknowledge that common usage, both within and outside of the scientific community, will not always be consistent with the definitions. A theory is a model that attempts to explain why or how something happens. ...
Absorption properties of β-Sn nanocrystals in SiO
... Basically Sn comes in two allotropes at atmospheric conditions termed αSn and β-Sn. The α form is a diamond structured semiconductor with at very small band gap of around 0.1 eV which is only stable at temperatures below 13.2◦ C [18]. The metallic β form has a body-centered tetragonal structure (fi ...
... Basically Sn comes in two allotropes at atmospheric conditions termed αSn and β-Sn. The α form is a diamond structured semiconductor with at very small band gap of around 0.1 eV which is only stable at temperatures below 13.2◦ C [18]. The metallic β form has a body-centered tetragonal structure (fi ...
Production and evolution of axion dark matter in the early universe
... point is that the couplings between axions and other fields are suppressed by a large factor of the symmetry breaking scale ∼ 1/Fa . These models are called “invisible axions” because of their smallness of coupling with matter. This invisibleness leads to a cosmological consequence. It turns out tha ...
... point is that the couplings between axions and other fields are suppressed by a large factor of the symmetry breaking scale ∼ 1/Fa . These models are called “invisible axions” because of their smallness of coupling with matter. This invisibleness leads to a cosmological consequence. It turns out tha ...
opera-3d user guide
... log, lp etc. files are generated. Previous files are not over written. The history is retained by attaching a number, n to the files. The value of n is chosen to be the lowest available integer not already in use. This may lead to a situation where the lowest value of n is not necessarily the oldest ...
... log, lp etc. files are generated. Previous files are not over written. The history is retained by attaching a number, n to the files. The value of n is chosen to be the lowest available integer not already in use. This may lead to a situation where the lowest value of n is not necessarily the oldest ...
Transitions between atomic quantum levels in room temperature Rb
... described and compared in Sec. 4.3. The results of our measurements are presented and analyzed in Ch. 5. Chapter 6 presents two hypotheses which may explain the observed Rabi “freeze”. The first assumes an experimental artifact due to residual magnetic gradients in the cell, and the second speculate ...
... described and compared in Sec. 4.3. The results of our measurements are presented and analyzed in Ch. 5. Chapter 6 presents two hypotheses which may explain the observed Rabi “freeze”. The first assumes an experimental artifact due to residual magnetic gradients in the cell, and the second speculate ...
Properties of theHuman Tear Film Lipid Layer
... vision. Yet, even if our ability to see is not compromised, there are disorders that may hinder our daily lives considerably due to pain involved with our eyes. One of the very common disorders in this context is the dry eyes syndrome. This syndrome has been investigated for decades and there are tr ...
... vision. Yet, even if our ability to see is not compromised, there are disorders that may hinder our daily lives considerably due to pain involved with our eyes. One of the very common disorders in this context is the dry eyes syndrome. This syndrome has been investigated for decades and there are tr ...
Physics 110H Journal - New Mexico State University
... Physics Honors in place of standard Physics Course. The graded reviews for Physics “regular” and Physics Honors will include a large percentage of common questions to allow a good statistical comparison of the two courses, so that your final grade will not depend on which version of the course y ...
... Physics Honors in place of standard Physics Course. The graded reviews for Physics “regular” and Physics Honors will include a large percentage of common questions to allow a good statistical comparison of the two courses, so that your final grade will not depend on which version of the course y ...
Nanoparticle, NiO, Nanocomposite, Sol-gel, UV
... The expansion fro m single-co mponent material to composite systems becomes an active area of research because different composites offer great possibilit ies for tailoring the performance of the final product[1]. In recent years, nanoscale transition metal o xides (TMOs) have been intensively studi ...
... The expansion fro m single-co mponent material to composite systems becomes an active area of research because different composites offer great possibilit ies for tailoring the performance of the final product[1]. In recent years, nanoscale transition metal o xides (TMOs) have been intensively studi ...
Atom movements - diffusion and mass transport in
... The present book is the result of diverse courses on diffusion. It is intended t o give as complete an overview as possible of diffusion in solid media, while relating the processes of diffusion to both their physical bases and their applications. In this spirit, certain fundamental aspects of these ...
... The present book is the result of diverse courses on diffusion. It is intended t o give as complete an overview as possible of diffusion in solid media, while relating the processes of diffusion to both their physical bases and their applications. In this spirit, certain fundamental aspects of these ...
Chapter 10: Liquids and Solids
... REF: 10.2 KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | phases | liquid | properties of liquids | viscosity MSC: Conceptual 24. Which of the following statements about liquids is true? A) Droplet formation occurs because of the higher stability associated with increased surface area. B) Substances that can f ...
... REF: 10.2 KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | phases | liquid | properties of liquids | viscosity MSC: Conceptual 24. Which of the following statements about liquids is true? A) Droplet formation occurs because of the higher stability associated with increased surface area. B) Substances that can f ...
Controlled Synthesis of Organic/Inorganic van der Waals Solid for
... The feasibility of the strategy and method developed have been demonstrated by using the most popular carbon-based 2D material, graphene, and noncarbon 2D materials, h-BN and MoS2, as the substrates for growing the organic/inorganic vdW solids. First, large-size 2D monolayers are prepared as inorgan ...
... The feasibility of the strategy and method developed have been demonstrated by using the most popular carbon-based 2D material, graphene, and noncarbon 2D materials, h-BN and MoS2, as the substrates for growing the organic/inorganic vdW solids. First, large-size 2D monolayers are prepared as inorgan ...
Modern Physics by Serway, Moses, and Moyer (third
... serve as models for solving some end-of-chapter problems. The examples are set off with colored bars for ease of location, and most examples are given titles to describe their content. Exercises Following Examples. As an added feature, many of the worked examples are followed immediately by exercise ...
... serve as models for solving some end-of-chapter problems. The examples are set off with colored bars for ease of location, and most examples are given titles to describe their content. Exercises Following Examples. As an added feature, many of the worked examples are followed immediately by exercise ...
Brock_Stares_Emma_2015
... In Project 3, coordination complexes of selected later lanthanides with various crown ether ligands were synthesized. Two families of complexes were structurally and magnetically analyzed: ‘axial’ or sandwich-type complexes based on 12-crown-4 and 15crown-5; and ‘equatorial’ complexes based on 18-cr ...
... In Project 3, coordination complexes of selected later lanthanides with various crown ether ligands were synthesized. Two families of complexes were structurally and magnetically analyzed: ‘axial’ or sandwich-type complexes based on 12-crown-4 and 15crown-5; and ‘equatorial’ complexes based on 18-cr ...
Annual Report 2013 - MPG.PuRe - Max-Planck
... mystery” in tokamak transport theory. For several years, it has appeared that the best theoretical models available are unable to explain the transport observed in the edge region of L-mode plasmas, triggering a worldwide debate on the applicability of these models. However, the latest, very extensi ...
... mystery” in tokamak transport theory. For several years, it has appeared that the best theoretical models available are unable to explain the transport observed in the edge region of L-mode plasmas, triggering a worldwide debate on the applicability of these models. However, the latest, very extensi ...
Modeling of the negative ion source and accelerator of the
... nuclear and particle physics (for instance to produce neutrons in the Spallation Neutron Source [2]) and in magnetic fusion devices (generation of high power neutral beams [3]). High brightness negative ion sources (i.e., which produces large negative ion currents) use cesium vapor to significantly ...
... nuclear and particle physics (for instance to produce neutrons in the Spallation Neutron Source [2]) and in magnetic fusion devices (generation of high power neutral beams [3]). High brightness negative ion sources (i.e., which produces large negative ion currents) use cesium vapor to significantly ...
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is a branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by using physical laws. In particular, these include the laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose–Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems. The study of condensed matter physics involves measuring various material properties via experimental probes along with using techniques of theoretical physics to develop mathematical models that help in understanding physical behavior.The diversity of systems and phenomena available for study makes condensed matter physics the most active field of contemporary physics: one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists, and the Division of Condensed Matter Physics is the largest division at the American Physical Society. The field overlaps with chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology, and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particle and nuclear physics.A variety of topics in physics such as crystallography, metallurgy, elasticity, magnetism, etc., were treated as distinct areas, until the 1940s when they were grouped together as solid state physics. Around the 1960s, the study of physical properties of liquids was added to this list, forming the basis for the new, related specialty of condensed matter physics. According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by him and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from ""Solid state theory"" to ""Theory of Condensed Matter"" in 1967, as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on. Although Anderson and Heine helped popularize the name ""condensed matter"", it had been present in Europe for some years, most prominently in the form of a journal published in English, French, and German by Springer-Verlag titled Physics of Condensed Matter, which was launched in 1963. The funding environment and Cold War politics of the 1960s and 1970s were also factors that lead some physicists to prefer the name ""condensed matter physics"", which emphasized the commonality of scientific problems encountered by physicists working on solids, liquids, plasmas, and other complex matter, over ""solid state physics"", which was often associated with the industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. The Bell Telephone Laboratories was one of the first institutes to conduct a research program in condensed matter physics.References to ""condensed"" state can be traced to earlier sources. For example, in the introduction to his 1947 ""Kinetic theory of liquids"" book, Yakov Frenkel proposed that ""The kinetic theory of liquids must accordingly be developed as a generalization and extension of the kinetic theory of solid bodies"". As a matter of fact, it would be more correct to unify them under the title of ""condensed bodies"".