magnetism and electromagnetism
... The wires exert an attractive force on each other when their currents are in the same direction. The wires exert a repulsive force on each other when their currents are in opposite directions. 3. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION Experiments by Michael Faraday in 1831 showed that although a steady magnetic ...
... The wires exert an attractive force on each other when their currents are in the same direction. The wires exert a repulsive force on each other when their currents are in opposite directions. 3. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION Experiments by Michael Faraday in 1831 showed that although a steady magnetic ...
Right-Hand Rules
... Hold out your hand like a stop gesture. Thumb (A) shows direction of current or direction of an individual charge. Fingers (B) point in the direction of the magnetic field. The palm (C) shows the direction of force (FB) or push. ...
... Hold out your hand like a stop gesture. Thumb (A) shows direction of current or direction of an individual charge. Fingers (B) point in the direction of the magnetic field. The palm (C) shows the direction of force (FB) or push. ...
Like charged Styrofoam cups, bar magnets exert forces on one
... We can demonstrate that two bar magnets exert both “body centered” forces as well as torques. We say a charged cup has electric charge , and this charge creates an invisible electric field in space all around the cup. The electric field exerts forces on other charged cups. Similarly, we say that a b ...
... We can demonstrate that two bar magnets exert both “body centered” forces as well as torques. We say a charged cup has electric charge , and this charge creates an invisible electric field in space all around the cup. The electric field exerts forces on other charged cups. Similarly, we say that a b ...
draft.LHDI2
... unstable to a variety of instabilities, e.g. lower-hybrid drift instability [2]. These instabilities are long thought to be central important in the onset and nonlinear development of magnetic reconnection. However, while this topic has been studied for several decades, its influence to the onset an ...
... unstable to a variety of instabilities, e.g. lower-hybrid drift instability [2]. These instabilities are long thought to be central important in the onset and nonlinear development of magnetic reconnection. However, while this topic has been studied for several decades, its influence to the onset an ...
(handout).
... We will write v = v 0 + v 1 where 0 indicates the uniform constant or zero-order part and 1 a small first-order correction, of the same order as α, and substitute in the equations. This is a standard approach and we will use it frequently. The zero-order equations. If we write down the zero-order te ...
... We will write v = v 0 + v 1 where 0 indicates the uniform constant or zero-order part and 1 a small first-order correction, of the same order as α, and substitute in the equations. This is a standard approach and we will use it frequently. The zero-order equations. If we write down the zero-order te ...
Chapter 28 – Sources of Magnetic Field
... - Field vectors (dB) and magnetic field lines of a current element (dl) are like those generated by a + charge dQ moving in direction of vdrift. - Field lines are circles in planes ┴ to dl and centered on line of dl. ...
... - Field vectors (dB) and magnetic field lines of a current element (dl) are like those generated by a + charge dQ moving in direction of vdrift. - Field lines are circles in planes ┴ to dl and centered on line of dl. ...
Lecture22
... weakly coupled and require a field to line them up, and the net moments are in the direction of the field. Ferromagnetic substances: the atoms have permanent moments and are strongly coupled. The atoms can remain aligned in the absence of a field. ...
... weakly coupled and require a field to line them up, and the net moments are in the direction of the field. Ferromagnetic substances: the atoms have permanent moments and are strongly coupled. The atoms can remain aligned in the absence of a field. ...
Lesson 20 - Faraday`s Law of Induction
... through the circuit. By Faraday's Law, the _________________ ___________________ _____________________ induces an _______________ that produces a current that ______________________ the ______________ in the ___________________. This is called self-induced emf. ...
... through the circuit. By Faraday's Law, the _________________ ___________________ _____________________ induces an _______________ that produces a current that ______________________ the ______________ in the ___________________. This is called self-induced emf. ...
Magnetic Fields and Forces - Carroll`s Cave of Knowledge
... hence a larger radius for its path. 10. The deflection y will decrease. If V a is increased, the electrons are given a greater kinetic energy: e.g., Va = ∆Ek/q, Hence, the electrons are moving faster, so they spend less time between the plates. A force accelerates the electrons transversely between ...
... hence a larger radius for its path. 10. The deflection y will decrease. If V a is increased, the electrons are given a greater kinetic energy: e.g., Va = ∆Ek/q, Hence, the electrons are moving faster, so they spend less time between the plates. A force accelerates the electrons transversely between ...
Lecture 8 Magnetic Fields
... Permanent Magnets (continued) • In ferromagnetic materials there are whole sections of the iron called domains where the magnetism does add up from individual electrons. Then there are other sections or domains where contributions from different domains can cancel. However, by putting the iron in a ...
... Permanent Magnets (continued) • In ferromagnetic materials there are whole sections of the iron called domains where the magnetism does add up from individual electrons. Then there are other sections or domains where contributions from different domains can cancel. However, by putting the iron in a ...
Here
... attempt to do this for electromagnetism and light. Everyone expected that Maxwell’s next step would be to refine the model but, instead, he put the model on one side and set out to build the whole theory from scratch, using only the laws of dynamics. The result, two years later, was the paper ‘A Dyn ...
... attempt to do this for electromagnetism and light. Everyone expected that Maxwell’s next step would be to refine the model but, instead, he put the model on one side and set out to build the whole theory from scratch, using only the laws of dynamics. The result, two years later, was the paper ‘A Dyn ...
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is a branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by using physical laws. In particular, these include the laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose–Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems. The study of condensed matter physics involves measuring various material properties via experimental probes along with using techniques of theoretical physics to develop mathematical models that help in understanding physical behavior.The diversity of systems and phenomena available for study makes condensed matter physics the most active field of contemporary physics: one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists, and the Division of Condensed Matter Physics is the largest division at the American Physical Society. The field overlaps with chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology, and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particle and nuclear physics.A variety of topics in physics such as crystallography, metallurgy, elasticity, magnetism, etc., were treated as distinct areas, until the 1940s when they were grouped together as solid state physics. Around the 1960s, the study of physical properties of liquids was added to this list, forming the basis for the new, related specialty of condensed matter physics. According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by him and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from ""Solid state theory"" to ""Theory of Condensed Matter"" in 1967, as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on. Although Anderson and Heine helped popularize the name ""condensed matter"", it had been present in Europe for some years, most prominently in the form of a journal published in English, French, and German by Springer-Verlag titled Physics of Condensed Matter, which was launched in 1963. The funding environment and Cold War politics of the 1960s and 1970s were also factors that lead some physicists to prefer the name ""condensed matter physics"", which emphasized the commonality of scientific problems encountered by physicists working on solids, liquids, plasmas, and other complex matter, over ""solid state physics"", which was often associated with the industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. The Bell Telephone Laboratories was one of the first institutes to conduct a research program in condensed matter physics.References to ""condensed"" state can be traced to earlier sources. For example, in the introduction to his 1947 ""Kinetic theory of liquids"" book, Yakov Frenkel proposed that ""The kinetic theory of liquids must accordingly be developed as a generalization and extension of the kinetic theory of solid bodies"". As a matter of fact, it would be more correct to unify them under the title of ""condensed bodies"".