Oxide ceramics under extreme pressure and radiation conditions
... polymers, oxides, garnets, ionic crystals,...), several semiconductors, and a few metals [1]. There are several different ways how a given material handles this huge energy input. In many crystals, the ions create an amorphized cylindrical region which in some cases can be exploited to fabricate nan ...
... polymers, oxides, garnets, ionic crystals,...), several semiconductors, and a few metals [1]. There are several different ways how a given material handles this huge energy input. In many crystals, the ions create an amorphized cylindrical region which in some cases can be exploited to fabricate nan ...
Dynamics and Transport of Laser
... of space-charge is only one mandatory aspect for many applications of laser-accelerated electron beams. Also novel, high-gradient beam optical devices are needed for focusing these beams, hence we report on the development, characterization and testing of miniature magnetic quadrupole devices. The m ...
... of space-charge is only one mandatory aspect for many applications of laser-accelerated electron beams. Also novel, high-gradient beam optical devices are needed for focusing these beams, hence we report on the development, characterization and testing of miniature magnetic quadrupole devices. The m ...
Local Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Giant
... Pierre-Andre Guitard. Local Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Giant Magnetoresistive Sensors. Medical Physics [physics.med-ph]. Université Paris-Saclay, 2015. English..
...
... Pierre-Andre Guitard. Local Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Giant Magnetoresistive Sensors. Medical Physics [physics.med-ph]. Université Paris-Saclay, 2015. English.
Here
... In this book abstracts of the XXIV International Conference “Interaction of Intense Energy Fluxes with Matter” (Elbrus, March 1–6, 2009.). The reports are devoted to the modern investigations in the field of extreme states of matter, including reviews of results obtained during the last 30 years si ...
... In this book abstracts of the XXIV International Conference “Interaction of Intense Energy Fluxes with Matter” (Elbrus, March 1–6, 2009.). The reports are devoted to the modern investigations in the field of extreme states of matter, including reviews of results obtained during the last 30 years si ...
momentum-space dynamics of runaway electrons
... our everyday experience. One of these is the generation of so-called runaway electrons (or simply runaways) – electrons that under certain conditions are continuously accelerated by electric fields [1, 2]. The dynamics of the process is such that the runaways quickly reach relativistic energies; the ...
... our everyday experience. One of these is the generation of so-called runaway electrons (or simply runaways) – electrons that under certain conditions are continuously accelerated by electric fields [1, 2]. The dynamics of the process is such that the runaways quickly reach relativistic energies; the ...
PEGASES: Plasma Propulsion with Electronegative Gases
... it, referred to as space propulsion, is needed. Any movement is described by Newton’s laws [3]: • Every body persists in its state of being at rest or of moving uniformly straight forward, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by force impressed, • The change of momentum of a body is ...
... it, referred to as space propulsion, is needed. Any movement is described by Newton’s laws [3]: • Every body persists in its state of being at rest or of moving uniformly straight forward, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by force impressed, • The change of momentum of a body is ...
Electron Clouds in High Energy Hadron Accelerators
... low intensity long bunches the residual gas electrons can accumulate being trapped in the beam potential [10]. This can lead to the two-stream instability. The first observations of this phenomenon were made in 1960-s in the Novosibirsk Proton Storage Ring [16]. The instabilities of the two-stream t ...
... low intensity long bunches the residual gas electrons can accumulate being trapped in the beam potential [10]. This can lead to the two-stream instability. The first observations of this phenomenon were made in 1960-s in the Novosibirsk Proton Storage Ring [16]. The instabilities of the two-stream t ...
Macroscopic Models of Superconductivity
... In 1911, H. Kamerlingh-Onnes, while investigating variation of the electrical resistivity of mercury with temperature, discovered that at a temperature of 4.2K the resistivity dropped sharply to zero [37]. The same phenomenon was later detected in other metals, and was termed superconductivity, with ...
... In 1911, H. Kamerlingh-Onnes, while investigating variation of the electrical resistivity of mercury with temperature, discovered that at a temperature of 4.2K the resistivity dropped sharply to zero [37]. The same phenomenon was later detected in other metals, and was termed superconductivity, with ...
Manipulating Single Atoms with Optical Tweezers
... importantly, a quantum computer could be used to simulate the physics of manybody quantum systems. This may lead, for example, to the development of new high-temperature superconductors for more energy-efficient electricity distribution. The theoretical principles of a quantum computer are well esta ...
... importantly, a quantum computer could be used to simulate the physics of manybody quantum systems. This may lead, for example, to the development of new high-temperature superconductors for more energy-efficient electricity distribution. The theoretical principles of a quantum computer are well esta ...
Polarimeter for an Accelerated Spheromak Patrick Jean-Franc ¸ois Carle
... A three-beam heterodyne polarimeter has been designed and constructed to measure line-integrated density and Faraday rotation of accelerated spheromak plasmas in the Plasma Injector 1 and 2 devices (PI-1, PI-2) at General Fusion Inc. Faraday rotation is a function of the local magnetic field and ele ...
... A three-beam heterodyne polarimeter has been designed and constructed to measure line-integrated density and Faraday rotation of accelerated spheromak plasmas in the Plasma Injector 1 and 2 devices (PI-1, PI-2) at General Fusion Inc. Faraday rotation is a function of the local magnetic field and ele ...
Io`s interaction with Jupiter`s magnetosphere
... Figure 1: Left: a Galileo image of Io showing two of the many active volcanoes. Regions close to the right limb are covered with SO2 frost, resulting from the condensation of atmospheric SO2 at the low surface temperature. Right: the volcanic plumes of Tsvashtar, close to the north pole of Io observ ...
... Figure 1: Left: a Galileo image of Io showing two of the many active volcanoes. Regions close to the right limb are covered with SO2 frost, resulting from the condensation of atmospheric SO2 at the low surface temperature. Right: the volcanic plumes of Tsvashtar, close to the north pole of Io observ ...
Ultrashort and Ultraintense Electromagnetic Pulses - Heinrich
... One of the most fascinating lines of development in laser technology [14] leads to the concentration of electromagnetic energy in smaller and smaller space-time regions. These laser pulses may contain not more than a few optical cycles and can be focused down to a single wavelength - sometimes calle ...
... One of the most fascinating lines of development in laser technology [14] leads to the concentration of electromagnetic energy in smaller and smaller space-time regions. These laser pulses may contain not more than a few optical cycles and can be focused down to a single wavelength - sometimes calle ...
Discoveries of New Topological States of Matter Beyond Topological
... the iron age. Although all matter is composed of component particles, particles can organize in various ways leading to different states or phases of matter. Finding all possible distinct states that matter can form and understanding the physics behind each of them are fundamentally important goals ...
... the iron age. Although all matter is composed of component particles, particles can organize in various ways leading to different states or phases of matter. Finding all possible distinct states that matter can form and understanding the physics behind each of them are fundamentally important goals ...
Stellarator Agreement
... introduced to produce the ISS04. The trend, of better energy confinement in the case of smaller effective helicity, is recognized through inter-machine comparison and even in the configuration-scan experiments in one device. As the detailed profile information of plasma parameters had become routine ...
... introduced to produce the ISS04. The trend, of better energy confinement in the case of smaller effective helicity, is recognized through inter-machine comparison and even in the configuration-scan experiments in one device. As the detailed profile information of plasma parameters had become routine ...
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is a branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by using physical laws. In particular, these include the laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose–Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems. The study of condensed matter physics involves measuring various material properties via experimental probes along with using techniques of theoretical physics to develop mathematical models that help in understanding physical behavior.The diversity of systems and phenomena available for study makes condensed matter physics the most active field of contemporary physics: one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists, and the Division of Condensed Matter Physics is the largest division at the American Physical Society. The field overlaps with chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology, and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particle and nuclear physics.A variety of topics in physics such as crystallography, metallurgy, elasticity, magnetism, etc., were treated as distinct areas, until the 1940s when they were grouped together as solid state physics. Around the 1960s, the study of physical properties of liquids was added to this list, forming the basis for the new, related specialty of condensed matter physics. According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by him and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from ""Solid state theory"" to ""Theory of Condensed Matter"" in 1967, as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on. Although Anderson and Heine helped popularize the name ""condensed matter"", it had been present in Europe for some years, most prominently in the form of a journal published in English, French, and German by Springer-Verlag titled Physics of Condensed Matter, which was launched in 1963. The funding environment and Cold War politics of the 1960s and 1970s were also factors that lead some physicists to prefer the name ""condensed matter physics"", which emphasized the commonality of scientific problems encountered by physicists working on solids, liquids, plasmas, and other complex matter, over ""solid state physics"", which was often associated with the industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. The Bell Telephone Laboratories was one of the first institutes to conduct a research program in condensed matter physics.References to ""condensed"" state can be traced to earlier sources. For example, in the introduction to his 1947 ""Kinetic theory of liquids"" book, Yakov Frenkel proposed that ""The kinetic theory of liquids must accordingly be developed as a generalization and extension of the kinetic theory of solid bodies"". As a matter of fact, it would be more correct to unify them under the title of ""condensed bodies"".