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a) Compaction
a) Compaction

... of which it is restored number of chromosomes and the single-celled embryo a zygote is formed. The fertilization consists of 3 phases:  In the first distant phase the spermatozoon goes towards to an ovum due to a rheotaxis and chemotaxis. 1. The rheotaxis is spermatozoons locomotion against a curre ...
Sponges and Cnidarians
Sponges and Cnidarians

... By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the organizational features of the simplest animals • Describe the organizational features of cnidarians The kingdom of animals is informally divided into invertebrate animals, those without a backbone, and vertebrate animals, those with a ...
Simple cuboidal epithelium in kidney tubules (430x
Simple cuboidal epithelium in kidney tubules (430x

... basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active; surface cells are flattened (squamous); in the keratinized type, the surface cells are full of keratin and dead; basal cells are active in mitosis and produce the cells of the more superficial layers. Stratified squamous epithelium ...
Cells
Cells

... finger, it heals, and weeks later you cannot even see where the cut used to be.  Reproduction – your body can make sex cells. In humans, these cells are the sperm or egg cells. These cells contain genetic information. ...
histology / tissue level of organization
histology / tissue level of organization

... • Tissues are groups of similar cells and extracellular products that carry out a common function. ...
Ch. 4 AP PP 2
Ch. 4 AP PP 2

... Bone is constantly being remodeled throughout life - complete repairs can be made even after severe damage ...
What are the major organ systems found in vertebrate animals?
What are the major organ systems found in vertebrate animals?

... H. The reproductive system makes the production of offspring possible.  Animals reproduce sexually; the egg of one parent is fertilized by the sperm of another. ...
B2 Revision Pack F1
B2 Revision Pack F1

... body cells 1.14 Recall that mitosis occurs during growth, repair and asexual reproduction 1.15 Recall that, at fertilisation, haploid gametes combine to form a diploid zygote 1.16 Describe the division of a cell by meiosis as the production of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromo ...
Types of Tissues
Types of Tissues

... The zygote, or fertilized egg, is a single cell formed by the fusion of an egg and sperm. After fertilization the zygote gives rise to rapid mitotic cycles, generating many cells to form the embryo. The first embryonic cells generated have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell in the bo ...
Cloning and Stem Cells
Cloning and Stem Cells

... that this technique can make use of abnormal human zygotes which are created in excess after IVF. Abnormal zygotes are believed to be incapable of surviving to birth and so this would circumvent some of the ethical objections to using excess IVF embryos. Scientists have generated non-embryonic stem ...
Tissues, organs, and organ systems
Tissues, organs, and organ systems

... Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems • Every year tens of thousands of people develop a disease or suffer an injury that severely damages an organ or tissue. ...
CHAPTER 5: TISSUES
CHAPTER 5: TISSUES

... – Mesenchyme gives rise to all other connective tissues. – Mucous C.T. (Wharton's Jelly) is a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord and is a rich source of stem cells. ...
Sponges and Cnidarians
Sponges and Cnidarians

... By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the organizational features of the simplest animals • Describe the organizational features of cnidarians The kingdom of animals is informally divided into invertebrate animals, those without a backbone, and vertebrate animals, those with a ...
The Respiratory System Lecture 1 The Respiratory System The
The Respiratory System Lecture 1 The Respiratory System The

... surface, they have afferent nerve endings on their basal surface & are considered to be sensory receptors. 5. Neuroendocrine cells: small rounded cells with dark nuclei & cytoplasm filled with endocrine granules that regulate the interaction between mucous and serous secretory functions of the syste ...
Tissues and Membranes
Tissues and Membranes

... Simple Columnar Epithelium • Single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide. • Lining the stomach and intestines, also lines the uterus • Secretes digestive enzymes, absorbs nutrients ...
Alan`s DAT Biology Notes edited by scsc7211
Alan`s DAT Biology Notes edited by scsc7211

... i. Bulbs- split to form several bulbs (tulips and daffodils) ii. Tubers- underground stems with buds (eyes of potatoes) iii. Runners- stems running above and along ground that produce new roots and upright stems (strawberry and lawn grasses) iv. Rhizomes (stolons): woody, underground stems (ferns an ...
Cell Differentiation
Cell Differentiation

... organisms might also contain some types of stem cells. Cells in the blood and skin, for example, have a limited life span and must be constantly replaced. This suggests that the body contains pools of stem cells from which new skin and blood cells can be produced. Adult stem cells are groups of cell ...
How Many Frozen Human Embryos Are Available for Research?
How Many Frozen Human Embryos Are Available for Research?

... Drawing upon the few published studies in this area, they estimated that only about 65 percent of the approximately 11,000 embryos would survive the freeze-and-thaw process, resulting in 7,334 embryos. Of those, about 25 percent (1,834 embryos) would likely be able to survive the initial stages of d ...
Chapter 36 Human Reproduction and Development
Chapter 36 Human Reproduction and Development

... necessary for the production of sperm. It also influences the development of male secondary sex characteristics that begin to appear at puberty, the period of growth when sexual maturity is reached. These characteristics include hair on the face and chest, broad shoulders, increased muscle developme ...
chapter_3_presentation
chapter_3_presentation

... the air in the atmosphere (20%). This is much higher than the concentration of oxygen found in your blood.  The oxygen first dissolves in a thin film of moisture covering the walls of the alveoli, then it dif fuses from the alveoli through the thin capillary walls into the bloodstream. ...
File
File

... Function: Stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine. Location: Lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra. ...
Histology Presentation
Histology Presentation

... • Some epithelia are richly innervated to detect changes in the environment at that body or organ surface. • Most nervous tissue is in the underlying ...
4 Histology - Orange Coast College
4 Histology - Orange Coast College

... Tissues are groups of similar cells and extracellular products that carry out a common function. ...
Lesson 24
Lesson 24

... • Reproduction: No matter how an organism reproduces, whether sexually or asexually, it is again the cells that carry out the process. The male sperm is a cell and so is the female egg. When you grow a new plant from a cutting, such as rose or sugarcane, it is again the cells in the cutting that re- ...
A&P ch. 4 - Catherine Huff`s Site
A&P ch. 4 - Catherine Huff`s Site

... • Organized into tightly packed groups that form sheets of tissue. • Can be composed of single layer or multiple layers depending on location. • Epithelial cells share the following characteristics: • Polar - Each epithelial cell has an apical surface and a basal surface • Apical surface faces the l ...
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Chimera (genetics)



A chimera (also spelled chimaera) (from the creature Chimera in Greek mythology) is a single organism composed of genetically distinct cells. This can result in male and female organs, two blood types, or subtle variations in form. Animal chimeras are produced by the merger of multiple fertilized eggs. In plant chimeras, however, the distinct types of tissue may originate from the same zygote, and the difference is often due to mutation during ordinary cell division. Normally, chimerism is not visible on casual inspection; however, it has been detected in the course of proving parentage.Another way that chimerism can occur in animals is by organ transplantation, giving one individual tissues that developed from two genomes. For example, a bone marrow transplant can change someone's blood type.
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