CHAPTER 8 NOTES
... paramagnetic--attracted to a magnetic field; lose their magnetism when removed from the magnetic field; HAS ONE OR MORE UNPAIRED ELECTRONS ferromagnetic--retain magnetism upon introduction to, then removal from a magnetic ...
... paramagnetic--attracted to a magnetic field; lose their magnetism when removed from the magnetic field; HAS ONE OR MORE UNPAIRED ELECTRONS ferromagnetic--retain magnetism upon introduction to, then removal from a magnetic ...
Lecture 8: The fractional quantum Hall effect The fractional quantum
... or decreasing ν away from the commensurate value 1/q (either by supplying/taking away electrons or by changing the magnetic field or both) requires the creation of quasiparticle or quasihole, it follows that there is a finite energy gap for such a change, and the fractional quantum Hall state is the ...
... or decreasing ν away from the commensurate value 1/q (either by supplying/taking away electrons or by changing the magnetic field or both) requires the creation of quasiparticle or quasihole, it follows that there is a finite energy gap for such a change, and the fractional quantum Hall state is the ...
Fundamental Forces
... 2. Strong – holds nuclei together 3. Weak – source of nuclear decays 4. Gravity – why you’re sitting here • The Cold Hard Truth: – These forces might not actually be fundamental. – There may be more (or less) than four. * “Force” = way for particles to interact ...
... 2. Strong – holds nuclei together 3. Weak – source of nuclear decays 4. Gravity – why you’re sitting here • The Cold Hard Truth: – These forces might not actually be fundamental. – There may be more (or less) than four. * “Force” = way for particles to interact ...
Statistical complexity, Fisher-Shannon information, and Bohr orbits
... sets of discrete points, showing a behavior parallel to the above signaled for C (Fig. 1). Each one of these sets is also related with a different l value. We remark again that the set with the minimum values of Pr corresponds just to the highest l. In Figs. 2(c) and 2(d), the same behavior can be o ...
... sets of discrete points, showing a behavior parallel to the above signaled for C (Fig. 1). Each one of these sets is also related with a different l value. We remark again that the set with the minimum values of Pr corresponds just to the highest l. In Figs. 2(c) and 2(d), the same behavior can be o ...
Multiphoton antiresonance M. I. Dykman and M. V. Fistul
... between the external and internal trajectories is that their periods 2 / 共g兲 are the same.10 When the motion is quantized, 共g兲 gives the distance between the energy levels. Therefore if, for some ␦ and , two levels that correspond to the external and internal trajectories coincide with each oth ...
... between the external and internal trajectories is that their periods 2 / 共g兲 are the same.10 When the motion is quantized, 共g兲 gives the distance between the energy levels. Therefore if, for some ␦ and , two levels that correspond to the external and internal trajectories coincide with each oth ...
Discoveries: Atoms to Quarks
... to call neutrons, which have spin ½ and obey the exclusion principle ..... The mass of the neutrons should be of the same order of magnitude as the electron mass and in any event not larger than 0.01 proton masses. The continuous -spectrum would then become understandable by the assumption that in ...
... to call neutrons, which have spin ½ and obey the exclusion principle ..... The mass of the neutrons should be of the same order of magnitude as the electron mass and in any event not larger than 0.01 proton masses. The continuous -spectrum would then become understandable by the assumption that in ...
Classical and Quantum Production of Cornucopions At Energies
... strong coupling physics. We cannot do this at present for real cornucopions, but some progress can be made by studying an analogous problem in 1 + 1 dimensional string theory where the strong coupling singularity is shielded by a condensate of massless modes. In that model we argue that the classica ...
... strong coupling physics. We cannot do this at present for real cornucopions, but some progress can be made by studying an analogous problem in 1 + 1 dimensional string theory where the strong coupling singularity is shielded by a condensate of massless modes. In that model we argue that the classica ...
無投影片標題
... the instantaneous position and velocity of the particle are no longer deterministic. Thus, the electrons motion in solids must be analyzed by a probability theory. Quantum mechanics Newtonian mechanics Schrodinger’s equation: to describe the position probability of a particle. ...
... the instantaneous position and velocity of the particle are no longer deterministic. Thus, the electrons motion in solids must be analyzed by a probability theory. Quantum mechanics Newtonian mechanics Schrodinger’s equation: to describe the position probability of a particle. ...
Simple, accurate electrostatics-based formulas for calculating
... A set of simple analytic formulas is derived via electrostatics-based methods to accurately calculate the values of electron a⌅nities An and ionization potentials In for n-carbon icosahedral fullerene molecules as a function of their average radii Rn . These formulas reproduce with accuracy the valu ...
... A set of simple analytic formulas is derived via electrostatics-based methods to accurately calculate the values of electron a⌅nities An and ionization potentials In for n-carbon icosahedral fullerene molecules as a function of their average radii Rn . These formulas reproduce with accuracy the valu ...
Holonomic Quantum Computation with Josephson Networks
... more detailed investigation of geometric phase effects in such systems. Here we show that non-Abelian phases can appear in the quantum dynamics of Josephson networks. As it will become clear in the following non-Abelian phases can be detected by a measurement of the adiabatic charge dynamics of the ...
... more detailed investigation of geometric phase effects in such systems. Here we show that non-Abelian phases can appear in the quantum dynamics of Josephson networks. As it will become clear in the following non-Abelian phases can be detected by a measurement of the adiabatic charge dynamics of the ...
lattice approximations
... degrees of freedom (its lattice approximations). 2) These collective degrees of freedom are local. They interact according to local laws. ...
... degrees of freedom (its lattice approximations). 2) These collective degrees of freedom are local. They interact according to local laws. ...
Lecture 6: QUANTUM CIRCUITS 1. Simple Quantum Circuits We`ve
... Hence the CONTROLLED-U gate is a natural extension of the CONTROLLEDNOT gate, and the latter itself can be represented in a different way, as illustrated in Figure 1.9. We just consider the CONTROLLED-U operation with one target qubits. What about n target qubits? In circuit representation, the answ ...
... Hence the CONTROLLED-U gate is a natural extension of the CONTROLLEDNOT gate, and the latter itself can be represented in a different way, as illustrated in Figure 1.9. We just consider the CONTROLLED-U operation with one target qubits. What about n target qubits? In circuit representation, the answ ...
Quantum electrodynamics
In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. QED mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism giving a complete account of matter and light interaction.In technical terms, QED can be described as a perturbation theory of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Richard Feynman called it ""the jewel of physics"" for its extremely accurate predictions of quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen.