Introduction to the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
... quantum number ν is a simple integer with a precision of about 10−10 and an absolute accuracy of about 10−8 (both being limited by our ability to do resistance metrology). In 1982, Tsui, Störmer and Gossard discovered that in certain devices with reduced (but still non-zero) disorder, the quantum n ...
... quantum number ν is a simple integer with a precision of about 10−10 and an absolute accuracy of about 10−8 (both being limited by our ability to do resistance metrology). In 1982, Tsui, Störmer and Gossard discovered that in certain devices with reduced (but still non-zero) disorder, the quantum n ...
Deconfined Quantum Criticality
... nothing but adding one more dimensionality, which is not necessarily true. For instance, the dynamical exponent z at the critical point is not unity in case of the incommensurate Bose-Hubbard model. So, the asymmetry between the time and the space at criticality becomes apparent through the dynamica ...
... nothing but adding one more dimensionality, which is not necessarily true. For instance, the dynamical exponent z at the critical point is not unity in case of the incommensurate Bose-Hubbard model. So, the asymmetry between the time and the space at criticality becomes apparent through the dynamica ...
Mixed states and pure states
... The normalization of the weights pk expresses the condition Tr(ρ̂) = 1 (P). 22. We could interpret the weights pk as probabilities, but we have to be careful: we should not think of pk as the probability to find the particle in the state |ψk i! You can give one reason for that right now (P), and soo ...
... The normalization of the weights pk expresses the condition Tr(ρ̂) = 1 (P). 22. We could interpret the weights pk as probabilities, but we have to be careful: we should not think of pk as the probability to find the particle in the state |ψk i! You can give one reason for that right now (P), and soo ...
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
... volume - this makes uyu and hence transforms like the time component of a 4-vector under Lorentz transformations, as it must to be the zeroth component of J . Note that the spinors are orthogonal. We must further normalize the spatial wave functions. In fact a plane wave is not normalizable in an ...
... volume - this makes uyu and hence transforms like the time component of a 4-vector under Lorentz transformations, as it must to be the zeroth component of J . Note that the spinors are orthogonal. We must further normalize the spatial wave functions. In fact a plane wave is not normalizable in an ...
The Weirdness of Quantum Mechanics
... claims about the fundamental behavior of particles The claims of quantum mechanics: 1. Particles act like waves. Particles can interfere with themselves. 2. Particles do whatever they want. There is a non-zero probability of finding a particle essentially anywhere in the universe. 3. Measurement is ...
... claims about the fundamental behavior of particles The claims of quantum mechanics: 1. Particles act like waves. Particles can interfere with themselves. 2. Particles do whatever they want. There is a non-zero probability of finding a particle essentially anywhere in the universe. 3. Measurement is ...
A Study of Electric Breakdown Theory to Model Dielectric Surface
... in the tube, and σ = 0 outside the tube. Creating these equations required Steenbeck to use the principle of minimum power where the temperature in the tube must end up at a value such that the power W is minimized. This validity of this assumption has been debated up to today. With this formulation ...
... in the tube, and σ = 0 outside the tube. Creating these equations required Steenbeck to use the principle of minimum power where the temperature in the tube must end up at a value such that the power W is minimized. This validity of this assumption has been debated up to today. With this formulation ...
Critical parameters for the heliumlike atoms: A phenomenological
... asymptotic behavior of the one-electron radial density for l
... asymptotic behavior of the one-electron radial density for l
Experimental violation of Bell inequalities for multi
... where P(Aa = Bb + k) denotes the probability of the measurements Aa and Bb with outcomes that differ, modulo d, by k. Compared with previous significant discoveries,3 this is the first analytical demonstration of Bell inequalities for bipartite quantum systems of arbitrarily high dimensionality. In ...
... where P(Aa = Bb + k) denotes the probability of the measurements Aa and Bb with outcomes that differ, modulo d, by k. Compared with previous significant discoveries,3 this is the first analytical demonstration of Bell inequalities for bipartite quantum systems of arbitrarily high dimensionality. In ...
Can Bohmian Mechanics Be Made Background Independent?
... in a relativistic context, no geometrical object is needed over and above a single 4- dimensional semi-Riemannian metric in order to describe the metrical properties of spacetime.5 The second key requirement is the absence of spatiotemporal structures that act as backgrounds (we will call this featu ...
... in a relativistic context, no geometrical object is needed over and above a single 4- dimensional semi-Riemannian metric in order to describe the metrical properties of spacetime.5 The second key requirement is the absence of spatiotemporal structures that act as backgrounds (we will call this featu ...
Quantum Phase Transitions
... For the purposes of this subsection might as well localized but the theory discussed in Sec. 2 below applies to itinerant magnets only. T , large J). For any given J, there is an associated Curie temperature Tc and classical phase transition occurs if we vary the temperature through Tc . On the othe ...
... For the purposes of this subsection might as well localized but the theory discussed in Sec. 2 below applies to itinerant magnets only. T , large J). For any given J, there is an associated Curie temperature Tc and classical phase transition occurs if we vary the temperature through Tc . On the othe ...
Summer/Fall 2000, Vol. 30, No. 2 - SLAC
... can only measure one aspect or the other. Bohr argued that theories about the Universe must include a factor to account for the effects of the observer on any measurement of quanta. Bohr and Heisenberg argued that exact predictions in quantum mechanics are limited to statistical descriptions of grou ...
... can only measure one aspect or the other. Bohr argued that theories about the Universe must include a factor to account for the effects of the observer on any measurement of quanta. Bohr and Heisenberg argued that exact predictions in quantum mechanics are limited to statistical descriptions of grou ...
Identical Quantum Particles and Weak Discernibility - Philsci
... transferred to different one-Euro accounts. So, in a complete money transfer an account with five Euros, say, would be emptied and five different oneEuro accounts would result. In this case the Euros in the original account stand in an irreflexive relation to each other, namely “only transferable to ...
... transferred to different one-Euro accounts. So, in a complete money transfer an account with five Euros, say, would be emptied and five different oneEuro accounts would result. In this case the Euros in the original account stand in an irreflexive relation to each other, namely “only transferable to ...
`To Be, To Be, What Does it Mean to Be?` : On Quantum
... (classical) causes. I shall call such models or the corresponding theories, or ways of thinking, “nonclassical.” In this view, things of nature or mind (since this view can also apply to mind) do exist, but it may not be possible to form a conception of how they ultimately exist. There are, thus, th ...
... (classical) causes. I shall call such models or the corresponding theories, or ways of thinking, “nonclassical.” In this view, things of nature or mind (since this view can also apply to mind) do exist, but it may not be possible to form a conception of how they ultimately exist. There are, thus, th ...
"Excitation Enhancement of CdSe Quantum Dots by Single Metal
... Synthesis of CdSe/CdS/CdZnS/ZnS core/shell quantum dots CdSe quantum dots were synthesized by the CdO/amine-route of Peng et al.1 0.077 g of CdO was heated to 220 °C with 0.68 g of oleic acid to form Cd-oleate; when the solution turned clear, it was removed from heating and allowed to cool to room t ...
... Synthesis of CdSe/CdS/CdZnS/ZnS core/shell quantum dots CdSe quantum dots were synthesized by the CdO/amine-route of Peng et al.1 0.077 g of CdO was heated to 220 °C with 0.68 g of oleic acid to form Cd-oleate; when the solution turned clear, it was removed from heating and allowed to cool to room t ...
Attenuation of gamma particles
... The validity of Lambert’s law follows from the fact that the interaction of photons with electrons is probabilistic, and a single interaction removes the gamma from the beam. Since the parameter α in our derivation is the same as the linear attenuation coefficient, we have a physical interpretation ...
... The validity of Lambert’s law follows from the fact that the interaction of photons with electrons is probabilistic, and a single interaction removes the gamma from the beam. Since the parameter α in our derivation is the same as the linear attenuation coefficient, we have a physical interpretation ...
Quantum electrodynamics
In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. QED mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism giving a complete account of matter and light interaction.In technical terms, QED can be described as a perturbation theory of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Richard Feynman called it ""the jewel of physics"" for its extremely accurate predictions of quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen.