R eelin is expressed in the accessory olfactory system, but is not a
... towards the olfactory bulb. When the axons cross the main olfactory bulb they converge into two or three bundles that terminate in specific regions of the accessory olfactory bulb. In the reeler mice the vomeronasal sensory neuron projections are indistinguishable from the wild-type animals (Fig. 2A ...
... towards the olfactory bulb. When the axons cross the main olfactory bulb they converge into two or three bundles that terminate in specific regions of the accessory olfactory bulb. In the reeler mice the vomeronasal sensory neuron projections are indistinguishable from the wild-type animals (Fig. 2A ...
It takes all kinds to make a brain
... pathways. On page 1232 of this issue, Hantman and Jessell find that the convergence of the cortical command pathway and the proprioceptive sensory feedback pathway occurs even earlier, at Clarke’s column in the spinal cord. Clarke’s column comprises dorsal spinocerebellar (dSC) tract neurons, which ...
... pathways. On page 1232 of this issue, Hantman and Jessell find that the convergence of the cortical command pathway and the proprioceptive sensory feedback pathway occurs even earlier, at Clarke’s column in the spinal cord. Clarke’s column comprises dorsal spinocerebellar (dSC) tract neurons, which ...
Fly MARCM and mouse MADM: Genetic methods of labeling and
... Fig. 1 – MARCM-based clonal analysis revealed relationship between lineage/birth order and wiring specificity of olfactory projection neurons. (A) Schematic of MARCM. After FLP/FRT site-specific mitotic recombination (cross between triangles), a heterozygous mother cell may give rise to two daughter ...
... Fig. 1 – MARCM-based clonal analysis revealed relationship between lineage/birth order and wiring specificity of olfactory projection neurons. (A) Schematic of MARCM. After FLP/FRT site-specific mitotic recombination (cross between triangles), a heterozygous mother cell may give rise to two daughter ...
Postnatal characterization of cells in the accessory olfactory bulb of
... OSN and higher olfactory centers, and their position in olfaction is often compared to the thalamus in other sensory systems (Shepherd, 2005). These two anatomically distinct olfactory systems were described as functionally distinct, with the main olfactory epithelium detecting volatile odorants and ...
... OSN and higher olfactory centers, and their position in olfaction is often compared to the thalamus in other sensory systems (Shepherd, 2005). These two anatomically distinct olfactory systems were described as functionally distinct, with the main olfactory epithelium detecting volatile odorants and ...
Individual olfactory sensory neurons project into more than one
... G2 but, before entering into it, issues an additional branch, b1, to glomerulus G1 (Fig. 3B, schematically depicted in Fig. 3D). The branches entered the glomerulus from opposite sides and appeared to innervate opposite parts of it (Fig. 3C). There is a common feature in Figures 2 and 3. The axon bi ...
... G2 but, before entering into it, issues an additional branch, b1, to glomerulus G1 (Fig. 3B, schematically depicted in Fig. 3D). The branches entered the glomerulus from opposite sides and appeared to innervate opposite parts of it (Fig. 3C). There is a common feature in Figures 2 and 3. The axon bi ...
Ear to Auditory Cortex
... that smells trigger have 200 million more brain activity in receptors. women than in men. Research indicates that women’s smell sensitivity is better than that of men. ...
... that smells trigger have 200 million more brain activity in receptors. women than in men. Research indicates that women’s smell sensitivity is better than that of men. ...
Sensory Systems and Neural Circuits II
... • Taste sensation can be caused by diverse tastants • Action potentials in the taste receptor cells leads to an increase in Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated channels with a release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores • In response to Ca2+, neurotransmitter is released, which causes synaptic potent ...
... • Taste sensation can be caused by diverse tastants • Action potentials in the taste receptor cells leads to an increase in Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated channels with a release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores • In response to Ca2+, neurotransmitter is released, which causes synaptic potent ...
Glossary of Olfactory Terms
... an olfactory disorder in which a normal, pleasant odor is perceived as foul or putrefactive. For example, in one form of cacosmia, a subject smells rotting meat when no such odor is present. ...
... an olfactory disorder in which a normal, pleasant odor is perceived as foul or putrefactive. For example, in one form of cacosmia, a subject smells rotting meat when no such odor is present. ...
An Introduction to the Special Senses
... Provides route for blood vessels and lymphatics that supply tissues of eye Regulates amount of light entering eye Secretes and reabsorbs aqueous humor that circulates within chambers of eye Controls shape of lens, which is essential to focusing ...
... Provides route for blood vessels and lymphatics that supply tissues of eye Regulates amount of light entering eye Secretes and reabsorbs aqueous humor that circulates within chambers of eye Controls shape of lens, which is essential to focusing ...
ecture 23- special senses
... Taste receptors (or gustatory receptors) are distributed on tongue and portions of pharynx, larynx, and epiglottis. By the time we reach the adulthood, the taste receptors of the pharynx, larynx and epiglottis have decreased in importance and abundance. ...
... Taste receptors (or gustatory receptors) are distributed on tongue and portions of pharynx, larynx, and epiglottis. By the time we reach the adulthood, the taste receptors of the pharynx, larynx and epiglottis have decreased in importance and abundance. ...
32 MaxPlanckResearch 3 | 09 Small but mighty: In mice, around ten
... of mice: The animals first broke through a light barrier. At that moment, an odor was blown into their noses. The rodents quickly learned that, after sniffing the scent of bananas, they were allowed to lick some sugar water as a reward. After sniffing an apple scent, in contrast, they were left empt ...
... of mice: The animals first broke through a light barrier. At that moment, an odor was blown into their noses. The rodents quickly learned that, after sniffing the scent of bananas, they were allowed to lick some sugar water as a reward. After sniffing an apple scent, in contrast, they were left empt ...
Chapter 10b
... • Olfaction is one of the oldest senses • Taste is a combination of five basic sensations • Taste transduction ...
... • Olfaction is one of the oldest senses • Taste is a combination of five basic sensations • Taste transduction ...
2906_lect8
... Olfactory receptor cells are different from all other sensory receptor cells: They are not mediated by any protective barrier and make direct contact with the brain Contrast with visual receptors that are protected ...
... Olfactory receptor cells are different from all other sensory receptor cells: They are not mediated by any protective barrier and make direct contact with the brain Contrast with visual receptors that are protected ...
Discrimination of Perfumes Using an Electronic Nose System
... Reception involves binding the odorant molecules to the olfactory receptors. These olfactory receptors respond chemically with the odorant molecules. This process involves temporarily binding the odorant molecules to proteins that transport the molecules across the receptor membrane. Once across the ...
... Reception involves binding the odorant molecules to the olfactory receptors. These olfactory receptors respond chemically with the odorant molecules. This process involves temporarily binding the odorant molecules to proteins that transport the molecules across the receptor membrane. Once across the ...
Olfactory processing: maps, time and codes Gilles Laurent
... After all, each postsynaptic neuron that does the averaging could simply extend long and possibly electrically active dendrites [32] in every direction to contact the appropriate afferents wherever they lie. This would accomplish the same computation (the convergence would be done by the postsynapti ...
... After all, each postsynaptic neuron that does the averaging could simply extend long and possibly electrically active dendrites [32] in every direction to contact the appropriate afferents wherever they lie. This would accomplish the same computation (the convergence would be done by the postsynapti ...
PDF
... combinations activated by these factors are poorly understood. Now, on p. 4023, Rothbächer and co-workers reveal that the maternal transcription factor Ci-GATAa (orthologue of vertebrate GATA4, 5 and 6) controls the ectodermal regulatory network in Ciona intestinalis. The ectoderm, which develops in ...
... combinations activated by these factors are poorly understood. Now, on p. 4023, Rothbächer and co-workers reveal that the maternal transcription factor Ci-GATAa (orthologue of vertebrate GATA4, 5 and 6) controls the ectodermal regulatory network in Ciona intestinalis. The ectoderm, which develops in ...
PDF
... combinations activated by these factors are poorly understood. Now, on p. 4023, Rothbächer and co-workers reveal that the maternal transcription factor Ci-GATAa (orthologue of vertebrate GATA4, 5 and 6) controls the ectodermal regulatory network in Ciona intestinalis. The ectoderm, which develops in ...
... combinations activated by these factors are poorly understood. Now, on p. 4023, Rothbächer and co-workers reveal that the maternal transcription factor Ci-GATAa (orthologue of vertebrate GATA4, 5 and 6) controls the ectodermal regulatory network in Ciona intestinalis. The ectoderm, which develops in ...
The Complicated Equation of Smell, Flavor, and Taste
... pattern recognition” to identify discrete smells. “Odor images” refer to maps of olfactory bulb activity during olfaction. The SenseLab Web site contains many of these maps obtained with fMRI at 7T in animals (because the olfactory bulb contains neurons, their activation may be mapped by fMRI as we ...
... pattern recognition” to identify discrete smells. “Odor images” refer to maps of olfactory bulb activity during olfaction. The SenseLab Web site contains many of these maps obtained with fMRI at 7T in animals (because the olfactory bulb contains neurons, their activation may be mapped by fMRI as we ...
The Complicated Equation of Smell, Flavor, and Taste
... pattern recognition” to identify discrete smells. “Odor images” refer to maps of olfactory bulb activity during olfaction. The SenseLab Web site contains many of these maps obtained with fMRI at 7T in animals (because the olfactory bulb contains neurons, their activation may be mapped by fMRI as we ...
... pattern recognition” to identify discrete smells. “Odor images” refer to maps of olfactory bulb activity during olfaction. The SenseLab Web site contains many of these maps obtained with fMRI at 7T in animals (because the olfactory bulb contains neurons, their activation may be mapped by fMRI as we ...
Chemosensory Systems
... Effective stimuli elicit short-latency excitatory OSN responses. Some OSN axons respond to multiple odor chemicals but others respond specifically to chemicals with a single functional group and restricted carbon chain lengths [Fig. 32-3]. In 1 well-studied case, OR I7, heptyl (C7), octyl (C8), nony ...
... Effective stimuli elicit short-latency excitatory OSN responses. Some OSN axons respond to multiple odor chemicals but others respond specifically to chemicals with a single functional group and restricted carbon chain lengths [Fig. 32-3]. In 1 well-studied case, OR I7, heptyl (C7), octyl (C8), nony ...
The Senses - Poudre School District
... • Highly modified neurons with elongated cilia (between 10-20 million receptors in an area 5 sq. cm) • Canines have 72 times greater surface area than humans in their olfactory organs = better smellers ...
... • Highly modified neurons with elongated cilia (between 10-20 million receptors in an area 5 sq. cm) • Canines have 72 times greater surface area than humans in their olfactory organs = better smellers ...
Canine Olfaction: An Overview of the Anatomy, Physiology and
... epithelium (VNsE), found in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). This tissue is present bilaterally in the bottom of the nasal cavity above the roof of the mouth just behind the canine teeth. The VNO is open to the nasal cavity and connected to the mouth by small channels. Licking brings chemicals into the ...
... epithelium (VNsE), found in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). This tissue is present bilaterally in the bottom of the nasal cavity above the roof of the mouth just behind the canine teeth. The VNO is open to the nasal cavity and connected to the mouth by small channels. Licking brings chemicals into the ...
Understanding the Human Sensory Conduction of Smell
... This theory, also called the steric theory, states that a particular odor of a molecule is due to a structural specificity between the odorant and the OR, like a key-and-lock. The basic idea of this theory has been developed since 1949. In 1991, Richard Axel and Linda Buck cloned and identified 1,00 ...
... This theory, also called the steric theory, states that a particular odor of a molecule is due to a structural specificity between the odorant and the OR, like a key-and-lock. The basic idea of this theory has been developed since 1949. In 1991, Richard Axel and Linda Buck cloned and identified 1,00 ...
CASE 45
... Synapses from a very large number of olfactory receptor neuron axons are made onto a much smaller number of relay neurons (mitral cells and tufted cells) and inhibitory interneurons (periglomerular cells) within glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Information about different odorants is mapped on diffe ...
... Synapses from a very large number of olfactory receptor neuron axons are made onto a much smaller number of relay neurons (mitral cells and tufted cells) and inhibitory interneurons (periglomerular cells) within glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Information about different odorants is mapped on diffe ...
Olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb (bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, or the sense of smell.