CLIMATE CHANGE – Refining the Impacts for Ireland
... reproduced without further permission, provided the source is acknowledged. The EPA STRIVE Programme addresses the need for research in Ireland to inform policymakers and other stakeholders on a range of questions in relation to environmental protection. These reports are intended as contributions t ...
... reproduced without further permission, provided the source is acknowledged. The EPA STRIVE Programme addresses the need for research in Ireland to inform policymakers and other stakeholders on a range of questions in relation to environmental protection. These reports are intended as contributions t ...
Climate Satellites Affirmative - NDI - 2011
... sea ice around the Antarctic and Greenland continents during the warmest interglacials would have a year-round effect on temperature, because the increased area of open water has its largest impact on surface air temperature in the cool seasons. Further, we suggest that the stability of sea level du ...
... sea ice around the Antarctic and Greenland continents during the warmest interglacials would have a year-round effect on temperature, because the increased area of open water has its largest impact on surface air temperature in the cool seasons. Further, we suggest that the stability of sea level du ...
A Question of Balance - Yale Economics
... In practice, an economic analysis of climate change weighs the costs of slowing climate change against the damages of more rapid climate change. On the side of the costs of slowing climate change, countries must consider whether, and by how much, to reduce their GHG emissions. Reducing GHGs, particu ...
... In practice, an economic analysis of climate change weighs the costs of slowing climate change against the damages of more rapid climate change. On the side of the costs of slowing climate change, countries must consider whether, and by how much, to reduce their GHG emissions. Reducing GHGs, particu ...
Draft Guidelines on Climate Change and Natura 2000
... sequence of questions, which require to be addressed to develop pro-active responses for climate change and to decide which practical actions are required (see figure 1 Decision framework). In the guidelines, a broad suite of possible measures are described and illustrated with examples. Adaptation ...
... sequence of questions, which require to be addressed to develop pro-active responses for climate change and to decide which practical actions are required (see figure 1 Decision framework). In the guidelines, a broad suite of possible measures are described and illustrated with examples. Adaptation ...
Climate Volatility and Change in Central Asia: Economic Impacts
... wheat stocks to face expected supply shortfalls, thus leading to higher regional wheat prices. This effect could be further aggravated by negative impacts of lower irrigation water availability on wheat yields. The estimates of the aggregate impacts of climate change on Central Asian agriculture ran ...
... wheat stocks to face expected supply shortfalls, thus leading to higher regional wheat prices. This effect could be further aggravated by negative impacts of lower irrigation water availability on wheat yields. The estimates of the aggregate impacts of climate change on Central Asian agriculture ran ...
Sceptical Climate Part 2: Climate Science in Australian Newspapers
... links to the relevant sections and data from which the findings are drawn. Although this report covers a different time period, the key findings for this study of ten Australian newspapers from February to April in both 2011 and 2012 can be considered in light of the key findings of Sceptical Climat ...
... links to the relevant sections and data from which the findings are drawn. Although this report covers a different time period, the key findings for this study of ten Australian newspapers from February to April in both 2011 and 2012 can be considered in light of the key findings of Sceptical Climat ...
Module: Introduction
... - to ensure that the entire world population, that will increase from 7 to 10 billion people by 2050, will have access to cheap energy, and - to guarantee that this happens in an environmentally sustainable way, limiting the increase of temperature to below 2°C. OUR STRATEGY Consistent with this vis ...
... - to ensure that the entire world population, that will increase from 7 to 10 billion people by 2050, will have access to cheap energy, and - to guarantee that this happens in an environmentally sustainable way, limiting the increase of temperature to below 2°C. OUR STRATEGY Consistent with this vis ...
S2009001_en.pdf
... international mitigation strategy entails costs of such a magnitude that climate change will heavily condition the nature of economic development in the decades ahead. The socio-economic, institutional and geographical features of Latin America and the Caribbean make climate change a particularly pr ...
... international mitigation strategy entails costs of such a magnitude that climate change will heavily condition the nature of economic development in the decades ahead. The socio-economic, institutional and geographical features of Latin America and the Caribbean make climate change a particularly pr ...
Europe
... European sub-regions (high confidence), but the provision of cultural services is projected to decline in the Continental, Northern, and Southern sub-regions (low confidence). {Box 23-1} Climate change is expected to impede economic activity in Southern Europe more than in other sub-regions (medium ...
... European sub-regions (high confidence), but the provision of cultural services is projected to decline in the Continental, Northern, and Southern sub-regions (low confidence). {Box 23-1} Climate change is expected to impede economic activity in Southern Europe more than in other sub-regions (medium ...
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... The construction and operation of developments, such as the proposed Project, cause GHG emissions. Operational phase GHG emissions result from energy use associated with heating, lighting and powering buildings (typically through natural gas and electricity consumption in Oakland), pumping and proce ...
... The construction and operation of developments, such as the proposed Project, cause GHG emissions. Operational phase GHG emissions result from energy use associated with heating, lighting and powering buildings (typically through natural gas and electricity consumption in Oakland), pumping and proce ...
MURARI LAL (INDIA), HIDEO HARASAWA (JAPAN), AND DANIEL
... relevant sectors (e.g., water resources, agriculture and food security, coastal resources, human health, and ecosystems and biodiversity). These strategies are summarized in Box 11-1. Each subregion has its priority adaptation sector for its own situation. Food security, disaster preparedness and ma ...
... relevant sectors (e.g., water resources, agriculture and food security, coastal resources, human health, and ecosystems and biodiversity). These strategies are summarized in Box 11-1. Each subregion has its priority adaptation sector for its own situation. Food security, disaster preparedness and ma ...
PREPARING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE: An Implementation Guide
... PREPARING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE: An Implementation Guide for Local Governments in British Columbia ...
... PREPARING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE: An Implementation Guide for Local Governments in British Columbia ...
Agriculture and Forestry Climate change report card technical paper
... Soil N mineralisation, by which organic matter is converted to inorganic N forms, depends on the amount and nature of the organic matter but also, among others, on temperature and rainfall (Rustad et al., 2001; Rowe et al., 2012). A study of 39 different soil types incubated under standard condition ...
... Soil N mineralisation, by which organic matter is converted to inorganic N forms, depends on the amount and nature of the organic matter but also, among others, on temperature and rainfall (Rustad et al., 2001; Rowe et al., 2012). A study of 39 different soil types incubated under standard condition ...
Carbon Disclosure Project
... support of Total, ability to grow the company’s market position, and being well positioned for long term growth and achieving its business objectives; (f) growth of renewable energy worldwide; and (g) the company’s success in climate change mitigation and reaching its plan for reduction of its carbo ...
... support of Total, ability to grow the company’s market position, and being well positioned for long term growth and achieving its business objectives; (f) growth of renewable energy worldwide; and (g) the company’s success in climate change mitigation and reaching its plan for reduction of its carbo ...
IPCC 5: Synthesis - Summary
... There are multiple mitigation pathways that are likely to limit warming to below 2°C relative to preindustrial levels. These pathways would require substantial emissions reductions over the next few decades and near zero emissions of CO2 and other long-lived GHGs by the end of the century. Implement ...
... There are multiple mitigation pathways that are likely to limit warming to below 2°C relative to preindustrial levels. These pathways would require substantial emissions reductions over the next few decades and near zero emissions of CO2 and other long-lived GHGs by the end of the century. Implement ...
Appendix L: Climate impacts and adaptation actions for shrub
... Future climate change may present additional challenges and needs for shrub-steppe habitat connectivity.3-4 First, climate change may impact shrub-steppe core habitat areas and corridors in ways that may make them more or less permeable to wildlife movement. Second, existing shrub-steppe core hab ...
... Future climate change may present additional challenges and needs for shrub-steppe habitat connectivity.3-4 First, climate change may impact shrub-steppe core habitat areas and corridors in ways that may make them more or less permeable to wildlife movement. Second, existing shrub-steppe core hab ...
Development of a Coastal Community Climate Change Action Plan
... Knowledge has a place in predicting local climate change impacts. In some areas, climate change science and predicted impacts are in direct conflict with the locally observed changes. Local knowledge must be included in determining the possible impact of climate change in order to create a fully fun ...
... Knowledge has a place in predicting local climate change impacts. In some areas, climate change science and predicted impacts are in direct conflict with the locally observed changes. Local knowledge must be included in determining the possible impact of climate change in order to create a fully fun ...
- Nottingham ePrints
... (see Brönnimann, 2002). Such images were, to some extent, more symbolic than real, such as the flooding of Cologne cathedral on the front page of Der Spiegel in 1986, for example, Von Storch and Krauss (2005). This image has now become, for some, a symbol of climate alarmism or catastrophism (e.g. ...
... (see Brönnimann, 2002). Such images were, to some extent, more symbolic than real, such as the flooding of Cologne cathedral on the front page of Der Spiegel in 1986, for example, Von Storch and Krauss (2005). This image has now become, for some, a symbol of climate alarmism or catastrophism (e.g. ...
Omitted Damages What`s Missing from the Social Cost of Carbon.indd
... two.2 Using a methodology specified in the 2010 Technical Support Document (IWG, 2010), the 2010 Interagency Working Group developed a central estimate (corresponding to a constant discount rate of 3 percent) of $24 for a 2015 emission of carbon using three Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs): DICE-2 ...
... two.2 Using a methodology specified in the 2010 Technical Support Document (IWG, 2010), the 2010 Interagency Working Group developed a central estimate (corresponding to a constant discount rate of 3 percent) of $24 for a 2015 emission of carbon using three Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs): DICE-2 ...
WHITE PAPER Climate Change Adaptation in the Nordic Countries
... and potential barriers to such collaboration. Finally, it identifies key elements for a Nordic Adaptation Strategy and suggests priorities for Nordic decision-makers. UNDERSTANDING ADAPTATION For many decades, climate policy debates focused on how to curb greenhouse gas emissions. This remains an ur ...
... and potential barriers to such collaboration. Finally, it identifies key elements for a Nordic Adaptation Strategy and suggests priorities for Nordic decision-makers. UNDERSTANDING ADAPTATION For many decades, climate policy debates focused on how to curb greenhouse gas emissions. This remains an ur ...
Small global-mean cooling due to volcanic radiative forcing
... Received: 18 September 2015 / Accepted: 19 February 2016 © The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ...
... Received: 18 September 2015 / Accepted: 19 February 2016 © The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ...
united - Stockholm Convention
... These measures could also reduce the emissions of several other contaminants of concern (such as nitrogen and sulphur oxides and other gases, particulates, and mercury and other metals). There are, however, some potential negative impacts that need to be taken into account when considering mitigatio ...
... These measures could also reduce the emissions of several other contaminants of concern (such as nitrogen and sulphur oxides and other gases, particulates, and mercury and other metals). There are, however, some potential negative impacts that need to be taken into account when considering mitigatio ...
World Bank Document
... methodology and use of comparable municipal information could allow analysts to monitor the progress of new adaptation policies for climate change within the agricultural sector. ...
... methodology and use of comparable municipal information could allow analysts to monitor the progress of new adaptation policies for climate change within the agricultural sector. ...
The global status of CCS 2015: summary report
... CCS used in the combustion of biomass is a large-scale ‘net negative’ emissions technology that could play an important role in this period. The IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Synthesis Report states that the deployment of CCS, including bio-CCS, will significantly reduce the risk of not meeting climate go ...
... CCS used in the combustion of biomass is a large-scale ‘net negative’ emissions technology that could play an important role in this period. The IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Synthesis Report states that the deployment of CCS, including bio-CCS, will significantly reduce the risk of not meeting climate go ...
PDF
... binding greenhouse gas emission targets for developed countries for the five-year period 2008 to 2012. If Canada ratifies the Protocol, it will be required to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to six percent below 1990 levels during this period. In response to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol (KP) the Firs ...
... binding greenhouse gas emission targets for developed countries for the five-year period 2008 to 2012. If Canada ratifies the Protocol, it will be required to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to six percent below 1990 levels during this period. In response to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol (KP) the Firs ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.