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IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... optimized routing length in OLSR, which means that AOHR is immune from topological structures. Sharp Hybrid Adaptive Routing Protocol (SHARP), is designed to dynamically adapt to changing network characteristics and traffic behavior [5]. SHARP is driven by the fundamental trade-off between proactive ...
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)

... communicate with each other is known as mobile ad-hoc network. In MANET their is very importent role of nodes. All nodes can communicate with each other by directly or indirectly method. Routing is a most important part in MANET. There are three types of protocols we use for routing i.e. Proactive, ...
CCNA1 3.0-10 Routing Fundamentals & Subnets
CCNA1 3.0-10 Routing Fundamentals & Subnets

... The routers learn of these available routes through static routing or dynamic routing. Routes configured manually by the network administrator are static routes. Routes learned by others routers using a routing protocol are dynamic routes. The router uses path determination to decide which port an i ...
Routing algorithms
Routing algorithms

... RIP ( Routing Information Protocol)  Distance vector algorithm  Included in BSD-UNIX Distribution in 1982 ...
ex2-3-o-can
ex2-3-o-can

... • There are times when a router will have multiple paths to the same destination. • Metrics are a way to measure and/or compare routes to determine which route is the best path. CCNA2-27 ...
Stephanie Kinsella
Stephanie Kinsella

... radio, portable power supply, and possibly a Global Positioning System. The most important feature of networks such as these, is that their nodes are unattended and have limited and non-replenishable energy sources, which makes energy efficiency an important design consideration. In GEAR, the proces ...
Encounter based Routing in Opportunistic Networks Nidhi , R. K. Chauhan
Encounter based Routing in Opportunistic Networks Nidhi , R. K. Chauhan

... Fig. 2: Classifications of Various Routing Protocols in OPPNET ...
IJAER-International Journal of Advances in Engineering Research
IJAER-International Journal of Advances in Engineering Research

... only to interconnect backbone segments but also to act as points of attachments to high performance wide area links. Special attention must be given to new powerful architectures for routers in order to play that demanding role. In this paper, we identify important trends in router design and outlin ...
dhs-aug2006 - Princeton University
dhs-aug2006 - Princeton University

... • Aggregation and analysis of route updates – A single event can trigger instability in routes to many destinations. High volume of updates makes this an MDS-algorithmic challenge. – Use statistical correlation to form clusters of routes that change frequently and (approx’ly) simultaneously. Provide ...
Network Layer
Network Layer

... • Historically known as the old ARPANET routing algorithm {or known as Bellman-Ford algorithm}. Basic idea: each network node maintains a Distance Vector table containing the distance between itself and ALL possible destination nodes. • Distances are based on a chosen metric and are computed using i ...
FAR: A Fault-avoidance Routing Method for Data Center Networks
FAR: A Fault-avoidance Routing Method for Data Center Networks

... consume a lot of network bandwidth and CPU resources. ...
Datacenter Network Topologies
Datacenter Network Topologies

... – Some apps expect servers in the same LAN ...
Introduction to Computer Networks
Introduction to Computer Networks

... remember (in NAT translation table) every (source IP address, port #) to (NAT IP address, new port #) translation pair ...
B43011014
B43011014

... In the past few years, we have seen a rapid expansion in the field of mobile computing due to the pro- liferation of inexpensive, widely available wireless devices or networks.However, all these networks are conventional wireless networks as they require a fixed network infrastructure with centralis ...
RouterA(config)# ip route
RouterA(config)# ip route

... • Routers do not calculate the entire path to a destination  They select the next hop leading to that destination  Rely on the next hop router to select a further hop that gets the packet closer to its destination A router’s routing tables contains information about the networks directly connecte ...
3rd Edition: Chapter 4
3rd Edition: Chapter 4

... Chapter 4: done! 4.1 introduction 4.2 virtual circuit and datagram networks 4.3 what’s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol  datagram format, IPv4 addressing, ICMP, IPv6 ...
A Connectivity Based Partition Approach for Node
A Connectivity Based Partition Approach for Node

... – Storing packets in static nodes and wait for the best delivery paths to become available. – Measuring link delay periodically so that routing decisions can be made adaptive to the changing vehicle densities. – Using multi-path routing to increase the chance of hitting a better delivery path. ...
routing101
routing101

... port numbers from source to destination for unicast packets -- so that any intermediate node can directly infer through computation alone (no table lookup) what the output port number is. - As you may have realized, source routing by putting the entire path in the header is very inefficient. Also, i ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... networks from basic building blocks like variety of nodes and links. With the help of simulators one can design hierarchical networks using various types of nodes like computers, hubs, bridges, routers, optical crossconnects, multicast routers, mobile units, etc. Various types of Wide Area Network ( ...
A Novel Approach for Secure Data Transmission and Clustering based Energy
A Novel Approach for Secure Data Transmission and Clustering based Energy

... them to choose routes between any two nodes on the network. Routing protocol shares this information first among immediate neighbors, and then throughout the network. WSNs have many limitations such as communication range, computing power, storage space and the most important of all, the energy. Nod ...
Routing - Oakton Community College
Routing - Oakton Community College

KM3218251830
KM3218251830

... change in network conditions, even if this requires altering the route during a transmission. Route Reply would only be generated if the message has reached the projected destination node (route record which is firstly contained in Route Request would be inserted into the Route Reply). To return the ...
Security Problems in the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Security Problems in the TCP/IP Protocol Suite

Document
Document

... • Same routing protocol need not be run within the AS • But, to the outside world, an AS should present a consistent picture of what ASs are reachable through it • Stub AS: has only a single connection to the outside world. • Multihomed AS: has multiple connections to the outside world, but refuses ...
Network Protocols Designed for Optimizability Jennifer Rexford Computer Science Department Princeton University
Network Protocols Designed for Optimizability Jennifer Rexford Computer Science Department Princeton University

... turn an intractable optimization problem into a tractable one. For example, hot-potato routing selects between multiple egress points based on the path costs, as shown earlier in Figure 4. A more flexible egress-selection mechanism would allow each router to select the egress point based on a weight ...
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Routing

Routing is the process of selecting best paths in a network. In the past, the term routing also meant forwarding network traffic among networks. However, that latter function is better described as forwarding. Routing is performed for many kinds of networks, including the telephone network (circuit switching), electronic data networks (such as the Internet), and transportation networks. This article is concerned primarily with routing in electronic data networks using packet switching technology.In packet switching networks, routing directs packet forwarding (the transit of logically addressed network packets from their source toward their ultimate destination) through intermediate nodes. Intermediate nodes are typically network hardware devices such as routers, bridges, gateways, firewalls, or switches. General-purpose computers can also forward packets and perform routing, though they are not specialized hardware and may suffer from limited performance. The routing process usually directs forwarding on the basis of routing tables, which maintain a record of the routes to various network destinations. Thus, constructing routing tables, which are held in the router's memory, is very important for efficient routing. Most routing algorithms use only one network path at a time. Multipath routing techniques enable the use of multiple alternative paths.In case of overlapping/equal routes, algorithms consider the following elements to decide which routes to install into the routing table (sorted by priority):Prefix-Length: where longer subnet masks are preferred (independent of whether it is within a routing protocol or over different routing protocol)Metric: where a lower metric/cost is preferred (only valid within one and the same routing protocol)Administrative distance: where a route learned from a more reliable routing protocol is preferred (only valid between different routing protocols)Routing, in a more narrow sense of the term, is often contrasted with bridging in its assumption that network addresses are structured and that similar addresses imply proximity within the network. Structured addresses allow a single routing table entry to represent the route to a group of devices. In large networks, structured addressing (routing, in the narrow sense) outperforms unstructured addressing (bridging). Routing has become the dominant form of addressing on the Internet. Bridging is still widely used within localized environments.
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