Reduced functional connectivity within and between `social` resting
... network subserves are correlated with the resting functional connectivity of that network (Seeley et al., 2007). In light of these observations, an interesting question is to what extent task-based differences in specific brain regions in ASC are reflected in different connectivity patterns of their ...
... network subserves are correlated with the resting functional connectivity of that network (Seeley et al., 2007). In light of these observations, an interesting question is to what extent task-based differences in specific brain regions in ASC are reflected in different connectivity patterns of their ...
A Review on Image Reconstruction through MRI k
... signals, which are the true indicators of brain activity which is hard to measure. Therefore, measurable surrogate indicators had to be developed to track neural activities and their derivations from equilibrium state. In fMRI, typically a 3 Tesla magnet is used. fMRI measures the local change in bl ...
... signals, which are the true indicators of brain activity which is hard to measure. Therefore, measurable surrogate indicators had to be developed to track neural activities and their derivations from equilibrium state. In fMRI, typically a 3 Tesla magnet is used. fMRI measures the local change in bl ...
empathize with fictional characters
... mechanisms for gaze have been described in the neuroscience literature (Shepherd et al. 2009). Here, the daughter turns and looks at her mother, who is in turn tenderly gazing at her. Thus, it is possible that this scene produces simultaneously two forms of neural mirroring: on the one hand, the mir ...
... mechanisms for gaze have been described in the neuroscience literature (Shepherd et al. 2009). Here, the daughter turns and looks at her mother, who is in turn tenderly gazing at her. Thus, it is possible that this scene produces simultaneously two forms of neural mirroring: on the one hand, the mir ...
fluctuations in somatosensory responsiveness and baseline firing
... Recording sessions began 1 week after surgery. Extracellularly recorded action potentials of single neurons were amplified, filtered (bandpass 500 – 8000 Hz) and two-stage discriminated (West, 1998). For each striatal neuron that exhibited spontaneous activity, impulses were delivered in parallel to ...
... Recording sessions began 1 week after surgery. Extracellularly recorded action potentials of single neurons were amplified, filtered (bandpass 500 – 8000 Hz) and two-stage discriminated (West, 1998). For each striatal neuron that exhibited spontaneous activity, impulses were delivered in parallel to ...
Conditioned and unconditioned regulation of human activity
... For development of a conditioned reflex it is necessary, that any factor of an environment, which may be perceived by one of analyzer systems of an organism, occur repeatedly and acted on an organism of the person or an animal. If at each occurrence this irritant outstrips a little or takes place ...
... For development of a conditioned reflex it is necessary, that any factor of an environment, which may be perceived by one of analyzer systems of an organism, occur repeatedly and acted on an organism of the person or an animal. If at each occurrence this irritant outstrips a little or takes place ...
Canceling Planned Action: An fMRI Study of
... Anatomical and functional images were acquired on a 4 T Varian INOVA MR scanner. Functional volumes sensitive to BOLD contrast were acquired with a TEM send--recieve RF head coil using a two-shot gradient echo-EPI sequence. We scanned eight runs lasting 470 s each, resulting in 3760 volumes total co ...
... Anatomical and functional images were acquired on a 4 T Varian INOVA MR scanner. Functional volumes sensitive to BOLD contrast were acquired with a TEM send--recieve RF head coil using a two-shot gradient echo-EPI sequence. We scanned eight runs lasting 470 s each, resulting in 3760 volumes total co ...
The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the
... Moreover, current-source density analysis of laminar profiles demonstrated that no field responses were evoked in the PRC when the ERC is massively activated either by olfactory tract stimulation or by the hippocampal output (Biella et al., 2003). The failure to detect propagation of neuronal activi ...
... Moreover, current-source density analysis of laminar profiles demonstrated that no field responses were evoked in the PRC when the ERC is massively activated either by olfactory tract stimulation or by the hippocampal output (Biella et al., 2003). The failure to detect propagation of neuronal activi ...
Mapping Retinotopic Structure in Mouse Visual Cortex with Optical
... signal across all imaged single-condition maps and aligned the resulting map with both cytochrome oxidase-stained and SMI32-stained (Duffy et al., 1998) sections using the superficial blood vessels as landmarks (Fig. 1 E, top panels). Both the size and shape of the imaged and the stained areas are i ...
... signal across all imaged single-condition maps and aligned the resulting map with both cytochrome oxidase-stained and SMI32-stained (Duffy et al., 1998) sections using the superficial blood vessels as landmarks (Fig. 1 E, top panels). Both the size and shape of the imaged and the stained areas are i ...
neural representation and the cortical code
... middle temporal cortical area (MT), an area believed to be involved in the representation of visual motion. The response properties of these two neurons to stimuli are identical by construction, yet neuron B2 has no axon and hence serves no functional role whatsoever. Can one say what these two neur ...
... middle temporal cortical area (MT), an area believed to be involved in the representation of visual motion. The response properties of these two neurons to stimuli are identical by construction, yet neuron B2 has no axon and hence serves no functional role whatsoever. Can one say what these two neur ...
remembering familiar people: the posterior cingulate cortex and
... signi¢cantly activated in all eight subjects studied. Most subjects also showed signi¢cant activation of the left anterior orbitomedial, anterior middle frontal, precuneus, cuneus, and posterior inferior parietal cortices, and the right posterior cingulate and motor cortices. Our ¢ndings are consist ...
... signi¢cantly activated in all eight subjects studied. Most subjects also showed signi¢cant activation of the left anterior orbitomedial, anterior middle frontal, precuneus, cuneus, and posterior inferior parietal cortices, and the right posterior cingulate and motor cortices. Our ¢ndings are consist ...
pdf
... humans (19) and has been found to be associated with auditory attention (1, 20, 41) resulting in top-down modulation of auditory processing (25). This finding was further confirmed by electrophysiological data indicating that tinnitus might occur as the result of a dysfunction in the top-down inhibito ...
... humans (19) and has been found to be associated with auditory attention (1, 20, 41) resulting in top-down modulation of auditory processing (25). This finding was further confirmed by electrophysiological data indicating that tinnitus might occur as the result of a dysfunction in the top-down inhibito ...
Decision Making in Recurrent Neuronal Circuits
... (B) Monkey’s performance (top) and mean RT (bottom) as a function of the motion strength. (C) Response of a single LIP neuron. Only correct choices at two motion strengths (6.4% and 51.2%) are shown. Spike rasters and response histograms are aligned to the beginning of the monkey’s eye movement resp ...
... (B) Monkey’s performance (top) and mean RT (bottom) as a function of the motion strength. (C) Response of a single LIP neuron. Only correct choices at two motion strengths (6.4% and 51.2%) are shown. Spike rasters and response histograms are aligned to the beginning of the monkey’s eye movement resp ...
Mechanisms of Visual Attention in the Human Cortex
... stimuli were shown to be a weighted average of the responses to the individual stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited ...
... stimuli were shown to be a weighted average of the responses to the individual stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited ...
The Neuroscience of Spontaneous Thought: An Evolving
... 2008), was discovered entirely accidentally. This ground-breaking discovery followed a metaanalysis of nine different Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies of “human visual information processing,” each with passive control conditions in which participants fixated on a crosshair or passively vi ...
... 2008), was discovered entirely accidentally. This ground-breaking discovery followed a metaanalysis of nine different Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies of “human visual information processing,” each with passive control conditions in which participants fixated on a crosshair or passively vi ...
Altered cortical and subcortical connectivity due to infrasound
... prefrontal cortex (MPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, inferior parietal lobe (IPL), lateral temporal cortex (LTC), and hippocampal formation (HC) [35–36]. This activity causes fluctuations of the blood oxygen dependent (BOLD) signal, which can then be visualized using resting-state ...
... prefrontal cortex (MPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, inferior parietal lobe (IPL), lateral temporal cortex (LTC), and hippocampal formation (HC) [35–36]. This activity causes fluctuations of the blood oxygen dependent (BOLD) signal, which can then be visualized using resting-state ...
Current BCI Platforms
... - A measure of the electrical activity of the brain taken from beneath the skull ...
... - A measure of the electrical activity of the brain taken from beneath the skull ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Biointelligence Laboratory School of Computer Science and Engineering Graduate Programs in Cognitive Science, Brain Science and Bioinformatics ...
... Biointelligence Laboratory School of Computer Science and Engineering Graduate Programs in Cognitive Science, Brain Science and Bioinformatics ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Biointelligence Laboratory School of Computer Science and Engineering Graduate Programs in Cognitive Science, Brain Science and Bioinformatics ...
... Biointelligence Laboratory School of Computer Science and Engineering Graduate Programs in Cognitive Science, Brain Science and Bioinformatics ...
Estimating Fast Neural Input Using Anatomical and
... Kohn, 2015). Using in vitro patching a larger connectivity probability of 2% is seen between pyramidal cells which may be explained by the more sensitive post synaptic potential ...
... Kohn, 2015). Using in vitro patching a larger connectivity probability of 2% is seen between pyramidal cells which may be explained by the more sensitive post synaptic potential ...
EXERCISE TRAINING AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... of physical activity dependent plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). Of particular interest are functional improvements, such as those reported for memory and cognition,35–39 that are associated with changes in the number, structure and function of neurons.35,40 Recent studies indicate tha ...
... of physical activity dependent plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). Of particular interest are functional improvements, such as those reported for memory and cognition,35–39 that are associated with changes in the number, structure and function of neurons.35,40 Recent studies indicate tha ...
Inferring a dual-stream model of mentalizing from associative white
... slight slowing of the inferential process associated with intentional attribution (Herbet et al., 2013). Based on these findings, we assumed that both tasks can simultaneously engage the mirror and mentalizing systems to some extent, but that the intactness of each subsystem is more important for su ...
... slight slowing of the inferential process associated with intentional attribution (Herbet et al., 2013). Based on these findings, we assumed that both tasks can simultaneously engage the mirror and mentalizing systems to some extent, but that the intactness of each subsystem is more important for su ...
Monoaminergic dysfunction in recreational users of
... scan for registration and segmentation purposes and a phMRI sequence. For the phMRI acquisition, we used a pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence, based on the PULSAR sequence (Golay et al., 2005). ASL is a non-invasive perfusion imaging modality, using magnetically labeled blood water protons ...
... scan for registration and segmentation purposes and a phMRI sequence. For the phMRI acquisition, we used a pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence, based on the PULSAR sequence (Golay et al., 2005). ASL is a non-invasive perfusion imaging modality, using magnetically labeled blood water protons ...
Evolution of the Size and Functional Areas of the Human Brain
... hominid brain increased in size more than threefold over a period of approximately 2.5 million years. However, it has become increasingly clear that the human brain is not simply a large ape brain: Important qualitative and quantitative changes occurred as well. Some of these changes are a result of ...
... hominid brain increased in size more than threefold over a period of approximately 2.5 million years. However, it has become increasingly clear that the human brain is not simply a large ape brain: Important qualitative and quantitative changes occurred as well. Some of these changes are a result of ...
Early Microglial Activation Precedes Neuronal Loss in Mouse Model of Progressive
... (Cstbj/j) mice. Our data reveal early and localized glial activation in brain regions where neuron loss subsequently occurs. These changes are most pronounced in the thalamocortical system, with neuron loss occurring first within the cortex and only subsequently in the corresponding thalamic relay nu ...
... (Cstbj/j) mice. Our data reveal early and localized glial activation in brain regions where neuron loss subsequently occurs. These changes are most pronounced in the thalamocortical system, with neuron loss occurring first within the cortex and only subsequently in the corresponding thalamic relay nu ...
A multi-level account of selective attention
... In a related finding, Treisman (Treisman 1960) presented subjects with two coherent sentences, one in each ear, and subjects were instructed to shadow the input from one of the channels. When the flow of the prose from the shadowed channel changed to the other ear, subjects would often continue to s ...
... In a related finding, Treisman (Treisman 1960) presented subjects with two coherent sentences, one in each ear, and subjects were instructed to shadow the input from one of the channels. When the flow of the prose from the shadowed channel changed to the other ear, subjects would often continue to s ...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases.The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast, discovered by Seiji Ogawa. This is a type of specialized brain and body scan used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells. Since the early 1990s, fMRI has come to dominate brain mapping research because it does not require people to undergo shots, surgery, or to ingest substances, or be exposed to radiation, etc. Other methods of obtaining contrast are arterial spin labeling and diffusion MRI.The procedure is similar to MRI but uses the change in magnetization between oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood as its basic measure. This measure is frequently corrupted by noise from various sources and hence statistical procedures are used to extract the underlying signal. The resulting brain activation can be presented graphically by color-coding the strength of activation across the brain or the specific region studied. The technique can localize activity to within millimeters but, using standard techniques, no better than within a window of a few seconds.fMRI is used both in the research world, and to a lesser extent, in the clinical world. It can also be combined and complemented with other measures of brain physiology such as EEG and NIRS. Newer methods which improve both spatial and time resolution are being researched, and these largely use biomarkers other than the BOLD signal. Some companies have developed commercial products such as lie detectors based on fMRI techniques, but the research is not believed to be ripe enough for widespread commercialization.