Chapter 35 Presentation-Plant Structure and Growth
... •These are shorter and run perpendicular to the stem/root axis. •These consist of parenchyma cells and provide a way for H2O and nutrients to flow between secondary xylem and secondary phloem. ...
... •These are shorter and run perpendicular to the stem/root axis. •These consist of parenchyma cells and provide a way for H2O and nutrients to flow between secondary xylem and secondary phloem. ...
SESSION ENDING EXAMINATION 2015
... motion of the stapes against the oval window sets up the waves in the fluids of the cochlea , causing the basilar membranes to vibrate . This stimulates the sensory cells of organ of corti , to send nerve impulses to the brain. 12)refer NCERT UNIT 1(3marks) 13) ) (a) chondriocytes : cartilage cells ...
... motion of the stapes against the oval window sets up the waves in the fluids of the cochlea , causing the basilar membranes to vibrate . This stimulates the sensory cells of organ of corti , to send nerve impulses to the brain. 12)refer NCERT UNIT 1(3marks) 13) ) (a) chondriocytes : cartilage cells ...
Topic 1 Plant morphology
... Plant growth patterns When plants grow from seed the first soft growth is herbaceous and is called primary growth. At this stage the roots and shoots are elongating, side branches of both may develop, but there is no woodiness. Diameters remain relatively thin. All annual plants show this stage of ...
... Plant growth patterns When plants grow from seed the first soft growth is herbaceous and is called primary growth. At this stage the roots and shoots are elongating, side branches of both may develop, but there is no woodiness. Diameters remain relatively thin. All annual plants show this stage of ...
Chapter 35 Plant Structure
... 9. A hair-like fiber found on the epidermis of plants; that discourages insects from eating it. 10. A modified leaf that wraps around a support. (Used by plants that don’t have very strong support stems. Example: beans) 11. Term for live tissue that transports the sugar products from photosynthesis ...
... 9. A hair-like fiber found on the epidermis of plants; that discourages insects from eating it. 10. A modified leaf that wraps around a support. (Used by plants that don’t have very strong support stems. Example: beans) 11. Term for live tissue that transports the sugar products from photosynthesis ...
21.3 Roots and Stems
... Protecting the growing part of the root Producing more xylem and phloem Increasing the root’s surface area Lengthening the tips of roots ...
... Protecting the growing part of the root Producing more xylem and phloem Increasing the root’s surface area Lengthening the tips of roots ...
Unit 10: Classification
... _________________ plants have a ________________________ phase. - ________________ are typical seed plant sporophytes - female spores produced in ______________; male spores produced in ______________ - male spores develop into ____________________, the male gametophytes - female spores develop in ...
... _________________ plants have a ________________________ phase. - ________________ are typical seed plant sporophytes - female spores produced in ______________; male spores produced in ______________ - male spores develop into ____________________, the male gametophytes - female spores develop in ...
In Class Questions
... Which of these is a plant? • A. It has 4 legs, has fur, and eats dog food • B. It is green, rooted in the ground, and has leaves. ...
... Which of these is a plant? • A. It has 4 legs, has fur, and eats dog food • B. It is green, rooted in the ground, and has leaves. ...
Lab 6: Plants II - Valencia College
... Angiosperms are characterized by their flowers and their highly efficient vascular tissues. The rapid uptake of water and minerals by the root system (below ground) and their distribution to the shoot system (above ground) allow an angiosperm to maintain large leaves with broad surface areas. The hi ...
... Angiosperms are characterized by their flowers and their highly efficient vascular tissues. The rapid uptake of water and minerals by the root system (below ground) and their distribution to the shoot system (above ground) allow an angiosperm to maintain large leaves with broad surface areas. The hi ...
Lab 6: Plants II
... Angiosperms are characterized by their flowers and their highly efficient vascular tissues. The rapid uptake of water and minerals by the root system (below ground) and their distribution to the shoot system (above ground) allow an angiosperm to maintain large leaves with broad surface areas. The hi ...
... Angiosperms are characterized by their flowers and their highly efficient vascular tissues. The rapid uptake of water and minerals by the root system (below ground) and their distribution to the shoot system (above ground) allow an angiosperm to maintain large leaves with broad surface areas. The hi ...
Chapter Outline
... c. The photoreceptor then triggers a transduction pathway that leads to the entry of auxin into the cell. D. Thigmotropism 1. Unequal growth due to contact with solid objects is thigmotropism. 2. The coiling of morning glory or pea tendrils around posts, etc., is a common example. 3. Cells in contac ...
... c. The photoreceptor then triggers a transduction pathway that leads to the entry of auxin into the cell. D. Thigmotropism 1. Unequal growth due to contact with solid objects is thigmotropism. 2. The coiling of morning glory or pea tendrils around posts, etc., is a common example. 3. Cells in contac ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
... 1. Phototropism occurs because cells on shady side of stems elongate due to the presence of auxin. 2. Negative tropism occurs when a plant curves away from light. 3. It is now known that phototropism occurs because plants respond to blue light. a. When the blue light is formed, the photopropin under ...
... 1. Phototropism occurs because cells on shady side of stems elongate due to the presence of auxin. 2. Negative tropism occurs when a plant curves away from light. 3. It is now known that phototropism occurs because plants respond to blue light. a. When the blue light is formed, the photopropin under ...
Unit 7 Gymnosperms Student Guided Notes
... prevents it from blowing away or falling over. Finally, ___________________________ _______________________________________________________. This _________________________________________________________________. Some roots may become specialized below-ground storage organs (example: carrot!). This ...
... prevents it from blowing away or falling over. Finally, ___________________________ _______________________________________________________. This _________________________________________________________________. Some roots may become specialized below-ground storage organs (example: carrot!). This ...
**Life span
... high energy compounds ( usually starch) as in carots. 2/ Adventitious roots: Roots that arise from a nonroot organ (stem or leaf). They could be in different kinds as following: A* Fibrous roots : In this system the primary root soon withers after its production and group of thin roots almost equal ...
... high energy compounds ( usually starch) as in carots. 2/ Adventitious roots: Roots that arise from a nonroot organ (stem or leaf). They could be in different kinds as following: A* Fibrous roots : In this system the primary root soon withers after its production and group of thin roots almost equal ...
Vascular tissue
... Produce fruits with 1 or more seeds Fruit—ripened ovary of flower Fruit aid in seed dispersal ...
... Produce fruits with 1 or more seeds Fruit—ripened ovary of flower Fruit aid in seed dispersal ...
Grade 5 Chapter 1 Notes
... are classified based on characteristics Two Major Groups: 1. Vascular Plants Tubes transport water and food Tubes are called vascular tissue Examples: Trees Ferns ...
... are classified based on characteristics Two Major Groups: 1. Vascular Plants Tubes transport water and food Tubes are called vascular tissue Examples: Trees Ferns ...
- Furman University Scholar Exchange
... Shoot Systems: Asparagus and Kohlrabi Plant usually have very different looking root and shoot systems. As we saw with the root systems in the section above, roots can branch in two main ways (tap root or fibrous roots) to form the root system that penetrates throughout the soil in the area around t ...
... Shoot Systems: Asparagus and Kohlrabi Plant usually have very different looking root and shoot systems. As we saw with the root systems in the section above, roots can branch in two main ways (tap root or fibrous roots) to form the root system that penetrates throughout the soil in the area around t ...
Types of Vegetative Reproduction
... 1. It is advantageous under certain circumstances because it does not rely on pollinators, and expend less energy trying to attract an animal or insect 2. Self-pollinating plants produce progenies that are more uniform than those that outcrossed, Because meiosis is involved, recombination still take ...
... 1. It is advantageous under certain circumstances because it does not rely on pollinators, and expend less energy trying to attract an animal or insect 2. Self-pollinating plants produce progenies that are more uniform than those that outcrossed, Because meiosis is involved, recombination still take ...
leaf structure
... leaf. It is clear and waxy to prevent against water loss. Epidermis – a layer of cells one cell thick that provides protection for the inner tissues. These cells are clear to allow light to reach the photosynthetic tissues. Mesophyll – between the epidermal layers. It contains palisade cells that ar ...
... leaf. It is clear and waxy to prevent against water loss. Epidermis – a layer of cells one cell thick that provides protection for the inner tissues. These cells are clear to allow light to reach the photosynthetic tissues. Mesophyll – between the epidermal layers. It contains palisade cells that ar ...
Leaf adaptation and flowers - Miss Jan`s Science Wikispace
... possible – wide and flat Use as much sunlight as possible – thin with lots of chlorophyll Allow CO2 in and O2 out – stomata and air spaces ...
... possible – wide and flat Use as much sunlight as possible – thin with lots of chlorophyll Allow CO2 in and O2 out – stomata and air spaces ...
Lecture 2: Applications of Tissue Culture to Plant
... Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis • Both of these technologies can be used as methods of micropropagation. • It is not always desirable because they may not always result in populations of identical plants. • The most beneficial use of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis is in the product ...
... Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis • Both of these technologies can be used as methods of micropropagation. • It is not always desirable because they may not always result in populations of identical plants. • The most beneficial use of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis is in the product ...
Reproduction with Cones and Flowers
... Seed dormancy Embryo is alive but not growing Length of dormancy varies in each plant Allows for long-distance dispersal Environmental factors cause seeds to end dormancy and germinate ...
... Seed dormancy Embryo is alive but not growing Length of dormancy varies in each plant Allows for long-distance dispersal Environmental factors cause seeds to end dormancy and germinate ...
Asexual Reproduction - Science at St. Dominics
... Some of the new growths are beginning to turn green – these will become the shoots of the new plant Some of the new growths are beginning to turn downwards – these will become the roots of the new plant ...
... Some of the new growths are beginning to turn green – these will become the shoots of the new plant Some of the new growths are beginning to turn downwards – these will become the roots of the new plant ...
3 LAB 1: ALGAL ORIGINS OF LAND PLANTS
... The Class Charophyceae contains mostly freshwater green algae and is believed to be the line containing the ancestral stock from which land plants evolved. Multigene DNA phylogenetic analysis has shown that the Charales (Chara, Nitella) are the closest living relatives of green land plants (McCourt ...
... The Class Charophyceae contains mostly freshwater green algae and is believed to be the line containing the ancestral stock from which land plants evolved. Multigene DNA phylogenetic analysis has shown that the Charales (Chara, Nitella) are the closest living relatives of green land plants (McCourt ...
AP Review Part 3:
... • How Gibberellins work – Gibberellin binds to a receptor on the cell membrane – Activates a second messenger inside the cell – Ca++ – Ca++ combines with a protein called calmodulin – This complex activates the gene that codes for amylase – Amylase acts on starch to release sugars ...
... • How Gibberellins work – Gibberellin binds to a receptor on the cell membrane – Activates a second messenger inside the cell – Ca++ – Ca++ combines with a protein called calmodulin – This complex activates the gene that codes for amylase – Amylase acts on starch to release sugars ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.