• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Plant Propagation
Plant Propagation

... • Seeds are directly seeded when they are planted in the soil where they will grow to a saleable size. • Germination flats are used if they are to be transplanted at a later time. • When reusing germination flats, be sure to sterilize the flats and soil. ...
Unit 5, Module 13 Plants
Unit 5, Module 13 Plants

... Synthesis describes how organisms build necessary molecules. Plants produce sugars through photosynthesis which requires gas exchange through the stomata. Plant cells must also produce essential cell molecules such as phospholipids for membranes and proteins for enzymes. Nutrition describes how orga ...
Plant Biology
Plant Biology

... the terminal bud. Leaves arise as leaf primordia, which are finger-like projections along both sides of the apical meristem. Axillary buds can form lateral shoots as well. Within a bud, leaf primordia grow in length due to both cell division and cell elongation. ...
Unit 10 Plants
Unit 10 Plants

... Vegetative Structures • LEAVES – Make food for the plant (photosynthesis) – Often covered with waxy cuticle (waterproof!) – Main pigment is green (chlorophyll), but may ...
Unit C 4-10 Basic Principles of Agricultural/Horticultural Science
Unit C 4-10 Basic Principles of Agricultural/Horticultural Science

... WHST.9-12.7 Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigat ...
What is a Plant? - ab032.k12.sd.us
What is a Plant? - ab032.k12.sd.us

... -roots supply plants with water and dissolved minerals, the minerals are absorbed from the soil, water and minerals are transported to the shoots in the xylem. -roots hold plants securely in the soil. -roots store surplus food made during photosynthesis; the food is produced in the leaves; then it i ...
Name
Name

... If the statement is true, write true. If the statement is false, replace the italicized word or phrase to make it true. 1. Vegetative reproduction is a form of sexual reproduction in which new plants grow from parts of an existing plant. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... exerts a controlling influence over the shoot, and suppresses the growth of lateral buds. ...
An Introduction to Angiosperms: The Flowering Seed Plants
An Introduction to Angiosperms: The Flowering Seed Plants

... • Angiosperms can go from seed to seed in less than one year as opposed to the years this may take in gymnosperms • The xylem cells in angiosperms are more efficient than in gymnosperms • Pollination is more successful • Can cross fertilize • Use insects to fertilize (more effective and direct) ...
test 4 - Northern Illinois University
test 4 - Northern Illinois University

... fuse during the process of fertilization to produce a diploid organism.  Some cells in the diploid  organism undergo the cell division process of meiosis, which produces new haploid offspring.   ‐‐fungi spend most of their lives as haploids.  When fungi of two different mating types (the  equivalent ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis

... Three Types of Plants: 1. Short-Day Plants (Long-night) a. Flower when days are short (fall, winter) b. Actually controlled by night length: Night length must be longer than a critical ...
1 SECTION – A 1) Artificial system of classification of plants was
1 SECTION – A 1) Artificial system of classification of plants was

... 46. Sclereids are dead cells The cell wall is very thick due to lignification. 47. A mature plant has three kinds of tissue systems - the dermal, the fundamental and the vascular system 48. Trichomes may be branched or unbranched. 49. In dicot stem the vascular bundle consists of cambial tissue in b ...
A abiotic factor Nonliving component in the environment. abscisic
A abiotic factor Nonliving component in the environment. abscisic

... actinomorphic Regular or radially symmetric. active transport Movement of materials across a cell membrane and against a concentration gradient that requires the expenditure of cellular energy. adaptation Trait that enhances the survival of an organism in its environment. addictive drug Substance th ...
Standard 3
Standard 3

... Why are nonvascular plants typically smaller and shorter than vascular plants? Nonvascular plants use mitosis to produce cells. Nonvascular plants use photosynthesis to obtain energy. Nonvascular plants lack tubes to transport materials. Nonvascular plants lack deep fibrous roots to obtain water. ...
word
word

... G. Microsporangia - spore case bearing spores that give rise to male gametophytes H. Sporocyte - a diploid or haploid cell that will undergo mitosis or meiosis to produce spores I. Spore - a reproductive cell that develops into a plant without union with other cells Characteristics within phyla of l ...
Plant Lecture in Power Point
Plant Lecture in Power Point

... Alternation of generations Two Generations: 1. Sporophyte stage (spore-plant) a. Diploid stage (2n) b. Produces haploid spores by meiosis c. Spores grow into gametophyte containing male or female repro ...
Botany
Botany

... in a region called the apical meristem, where the cells are dividing quickly ...
GasExchangePlants
GasExchangePlants

... openings in stems for openings) gas exchange. ...
File
File

... 41 Petal Attracts pollinators with color and scent 42 Ovary Produces the female reproductive cells, and is the place where seeds develop. 43 Sepal Is at the base of the flower and supports and protects the petals and the reproductive structures. 44 _Style The narrow structure in between the stigma a ...
6SC11 Intro to Plants
6SC11 Intro to Plants

... root. The root structure is comprised of vascular tissue, root hairs, and a root cap. The vascular tissues, the xylem and phloem, transport materials throughout the plant. The root hairs help absorb water and other nutrients and also help to anchor the plant. Root caps are dead cells that act like a ...
genomebiology.com
genomebiology.com

... flower once and die. A striking example is the Haleakalā silversword, Argyroxiphium sandwicense, which may live for more than 50 years before flowering and dying (Figure 1). The molecular basis for the death of monocarpic plants like Arabidopsis after reproduction is not well understood. ...
biology - WordPress.com
biology - WordPress.com

... has function to store food in stem. Cortex consist of several cell layers with air cavities between its cells so have function for gaseous exchange. • In certain plant, cortex cell wall has thickening that has function to support or strengthening plant body. ...
PartsOfPlantTeachPrep
PartsOfPlantTeachPrep

... students to observe that all the stalks are growing out of a single short branch). If supplies allow, it can sometimes be useful to cut the specimen in several ways, e.g. cross sectional and longitudinally. If you do not want to provide a cutting instrument, you can precut each specimen. After each ...
Plant Hormones - NCEA Level 3 Biology
Plant Hormones - NCEA Level 3 Biology

... so the underside elongates the most and causes the shoot to curve upwards. Higher conc of auxin inhibits the root, so the top side grows faster and so the root curves downwards. ...
Unit 6 - root,stems, leaves
Unit 6 - root,stems, leaves

... 17. explain the advantage for seeds to have a starchy endosperm as opposed to a sugary endosperm. 18. describe seed germination up to the period in which the leaves are formed. 19. explain how seed plants are better able to survive drier conditions than mosses and ferns. 20. explain what a plant tro ...
< 1 ... 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 ... 133 >

Meristem



A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report