HAESA, an Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase, controls
... sion corresponds to stage 14–15 (Smyth et al. 1990), around the time when the abscission zones first begin to differentiate (Bleecker and Patterson 1997). However, this inflorescence expression is not dependent on pollination, as removal of anthers to prevent self-pollination without disturbing othe ...
... sion corresponds to stage 14–15 (Smyth et al. 1990), around the time when the abscission zones first begin to differentiate (Bleecker and Patterson 1997). However, this inflorescence expression is not dependent on pollination, as removal of anthers to prevent self-pollination without disturbing othe ...
19 REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS MODULE - 3
... (i) Vegetative reproduction : It involves formation of new plantlets from vegetative (somatic) cell, buds or organs of the plant. Here, a vegetative part of the plant (Root, stem, leaf or bud) gets detached from the parent body and grows into an independent plant. It is similar to asexual reproducit ...
... (i) Vegetative reproduction : It involves formation of new plantlets from vegetative (somatic) cell, buds or organs of the plant. Here, a vegetative part of the plant (Root, stem, leaf or bud) gets detached from the parent body and grows into an independent plant. It is similar to asexual reproducit ...
GENES IN MAIZE FOR POLLEN STERILITY Studies of a
... pollen which is incapable of effecting fertilization under any conditions. Cases of pollen sterility in maize due to simple genetic factors have been (1921) described a simple recessive which is charreported. L. A. EYSTER acterized by abortion of all the pollen. This character was given the name and ...
... pollen which is incapable of effecting fertilization under any conditions. Cases of pollen sterility in maize due to simple genetic factors have been (1921) described a simple recessive which is charreported. L. A. EYSTER acterized by abortion of all the pollen. This character was given the name and ...
Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Thymbra sintenisii Bornm
... eglandular and glandular hairs. Hairs are dense on both surfaces of subsp. isaurica, sparse on the subsp. sintenisii. Eglandular hairs are conical, 1-2 celled. A thin cuticular layer is present on both surfaces of the leaves. The leaves are amphistomatic. In both subspecies the epidermal cells of th ...
... eglandular and glandular hairs. Hairs are dense on both surfaces of subsp. isaurica, sparse on the subsp. sintenisii. Eglandular hairs are conical, 1-2 celled. A thin cuticular layer is present on both surfaces of the leaves. The leaves are amphistomatic. In both subspecies the epidermal cells of th ...
Inheritance of Pattern: Analysis from Phenotype to Gene1 This essay
... such fields abut on the dome they combine to make the irregularity for the next leaf. Hence a given reinforcement pattern on the dome produces a leaf; the action of the leaves in turn reestablishes the reinforcement pattern. The cellular basis of generating a reinforcement field appears to be a cyto ...
... such fields abut on the dome they combine to make the irregularity for the next leaf. Hence a given reinforcement pattern on the dome produces a leaf; the action of the leaves in turn reestablishes the reinforcement pattern. The cellular basis of generating a reinforcement field appears to be a cyto ...
BIO101 - National Open University of Nigeria
... scientists, Schlieden and Schwann proposed what is commonly known as cell theory in 1838 and 1839 respectively. In 1855, another idea that new cells can only come from pre-existing cells was proposed. Study table 2.0 for historical developments in the area of cell biology. An easy way of looking at ...
... scientists, Schlieden and Schwann proposed what is commonly known as cell theory in 1838 and 1839 respectively. In 1855, another idea that new cells can only come from pre-existing cells was proposed. Study table 2.0 for historical developments in the area of cell biology. An easy way of looking at ...
Diversity of Plants
... barely noticeable in lower plants (the collective term for the plant groups of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Towering trees are the diplontic phase in the lifecycles of plants such as sequoias and pines. Sporangia in the Seedless Plants The sporophyte of seedless plants is diploid and results ...
... barely noticeable in lower plants (the collective term for the plant groups of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Towering trees are the diplontic phase in the lifecycles of plants such as sequoias and pines. Sporangia in the Seedless Plants The sporophyte of seedless plants is diploid and results ...
Lethal Yellowing (LY) - EDIS
... they also can be blown around by wind. Use of host palm resistance represents the most practical long-term solution for LY control. Coconut cultivars, such as the ‘Malayan Dwarf ’ or hybrid ‘Maypan’ (Malayan Dwarf x Panama Tall), have exhibited acceptable levels of resistance in most areas. However, ...
... they also can be blown around by wind. Use of host palm resistance represents the most practical long-term solution for LY control. Coconut cultivars, such as the ‘Malayan Dwarf ’ or hybrid ‘Maypan’ (Malayan Dwarf x Panama Tall), have exhibited acceptable levels of resistance in most areas. However, ...
New evidence of the reproductive organs of Glossopteris based on
... smaller than mature ones and are crushed, lacking cellular contents. In the microsporangiate cone at this developmental stage the epidermis of the main axis and of the leaves is also filled with dark substances, making it easier to follow external contour of each organ even when the ground tissues a ...
... smaller than mature ones and are crushed, lacking cellular contents. In the microsporangiate cone at this developmental stage the epidermis of the main axis and of the leaves is also filled with dark substances, making it easier to follow external contour of each organ even when the ground tissues a ...
32 | plant reproduction
... In angiosperms, pollination is defined as the placement or transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or another flower. In gymnosperms, pollination involves pollen transfer from the male cone to the female cone. Upon transfer, the pollen germinates to form the pollen tube a ...
... In angiosperms, pollination is defined as the placement or transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or another flower. In gymnosperms, pollination involves pollen transfer from the male cone to the female cone. Upon transfer, the pollen germinates to form the pollen tube a ...
The Living World - Chapter 20 - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
... Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
Physiologia Plantarum
... six transmembrane helices connected by a cytosolic loop. Low affinity transporters are encoded by the NRT1 gene family. These have been characterized in a variety of plants including tomato in which at least two different NRT1 genes occur. Transcript accumulation of LeNRT1;2 was reported to be restr ...
... six transmembrane helices connected by a cytosolic loop. Low affinity transporters are encoded by the NRT1 gene family. These have been characterized in a variety of plants including tomato in which at least two different NRT1 genes occur. Transcript accumulation of LeNRT1;2 was reported to be restr ...
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
... permeable barrier is known as osmosis, which must also be taken into account. Bulk flow accounts for some water movement in plants through the xylem tissues of plants. Movement of materials by bulk flow (or mass flow) is pressure driven. Bulk flow occurs when an external force, such as gravity or pr ...
... permeable barrier is known as osmosis, which must also be taken into account. Bulk flow accounts for some water movement in plants through the xylem tissues of plants. Movement of materials by bulk flow (or mass flow) is pressure driven. Bulk flow occurs when an external force, such as gravity or pr ...
Chapter - V Micro Propogation of Gymnema sylveste R.Br.
... Aristolochia leaves when it was inoculated on the medium containing combination of kinetin (0.45-23 pM) NAA (0.46-9.2 pM) and IAA (0.55.7 pM) (Remeshree et al, 1994). Initiation of callus was observed in Calotropis gigantea Lin on MS media supplemented with KN (0.5 mg/1) and 2, 4-D (1 mg/1). In our ...
... Aristolochia leaves when it was inoculated on the medium containing combination of kinetin (0.45-23 pM) NAA (0.46-9.2 pM) and IAA (0.55.7 pM) (Remeshree et al, 1994). Initiation of callus was observed in Calotropis gigantea Lin on MS media supplemented with KN (0.5 mg/1) and 2, 4-D (1 mg/1). In our ...
Identification of Genes Expressed in Vascular Tissues Using NPA
... expression in the basal regions of leaves where new secondary veins form (Fig. 7C), the functional significance of which remains to be determined. Expression of anthocyanin-related genes Two genes, TRANSPARENT TESTA 19 (TT19, At5g17220), encoding a glutathione transferase, and ...
... expression in the basal regions of leaves where new secondary veins form (Fig. 7C), the functional significance of which remains to be determined. Expression of anthocyanin-related genes Two genes, TRANSPARENT TESTA 19 (TT19, At5g17220), encoding a glutathione transferase, and ...
STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 Controls the Level of
... into the dominant C5-sterols: cholesterol, campesterol, and sitosterol. The color code distinguishes the degree of C-24 alkylation (blue for the C1 addition and red for the C2 addition) on the black carbon skeleton of the sterol intermediates or products. For the names of the products and some inter ...
... into the dominant C5-sterols: cholesterol, campesterol, and sitosterol. The color code distinguishes the degree of C-24 alkylation (blue for the C1 addition and red for the C2 addition) on the black carbon skeleton of the sterol intermediates or products. For the names of the products and some inter ...
Meristems, Growth, and Development in Woody Plants: An
... the activity of jts meristems. Growth and morphogenesis! and the control of these processes, are largely localized in the meristems proper and in their uncillary regions of occasional cell division, con tinuing cell enlargement, and cell differentiation. TI~e subject area encompassing meristems, gr ...
... the activity of jts meristems. Growth and morphogenesis! and the control of these processes, are largely localized in the meristems proper and in their uncillary regions of occasional cell division, con tinuing cell enlargement, and cell differentiation. TI~e subject area encompassing meristems, gr ...
A survey of toxic plants on the market in the district of Bamako, Mali
... contractions, which were blocked by atropine. At high dose, the extract produced ulcerations on gastric mucosa and small intestine (Olajide et al., 1998). The crude ethanol extract of the stem bark has a fatal dose for rats of 50 mg/kg. The animals died after 24 h (Neuwinger, 1996). Several compoun ...
... contractions, which were blocked by atropine. At high dose, the extract produced ulcerations on gastric mucosa and small intestine (Olajide et al., 1998). The crude ethanol extract of the stem bark has a fatal dose for rats of 50 mg/kg. The animals died after 24 h (Neuwinger, 1996). Several compoun ...
MAKING SURE HUNGRY PLANTS GET FED: THE DUAL-TARGETED PURPLE ACID PHOSPHATASE
... about 40% lower in –Pi atpap26 mutants relative to wild-type controls, but unaffected under Pisufficient conditions. Moreover, shoot, root, inflorescence, and silique development of the atpap26 mutant was impaired during Pi deprivation, but unaffected under Pi-replete conditions, or during nitrogen ...
... about 40% lower in –Pi atpap26 mutants relative to wild-type controls, but unaffected under Pisufficient conditions. Moreover, shoot, root, inflorescence, and silique development of the atpap26 mutant was impaired during Pi deprivation, but unaffected under Pi-replete conditions, or during nitrogen ...
Characterisation of Holocene plant macrofossils
... the four studied here, and used to prepare a reference collection composed of i) herbarium specimens, ii) fruits and seeds and iii) microscope slides. For herbaceous species, whole plants - including rhizomes and roots - were collected as herbarium specimens. For woody species, samples of shoots, st ...
... the four studied here, and used to prepare a reference collection composed of i) herbarium specimens, ii) fruits and seeds and iii) microscope slides. For herbaceous species, whole plants - including rhizomes and roots - were collected as herbarium specimens. For woody species, samples of shoots, st ...
Cytochrome P450 CYP78A9 Is Involved in
... Arabidopsis has six CYP78A genes (Bak et al., 2011). The overexpression of KLUH/CYP78A5, ENHANCER OF DA1-1 (EOD3)/CYP78A6, and CYP78A9 genes all produced a general growth phenotype. This phenotype included large siliques and short stamens, a delay in bud opening and organ abscission, reduced fertili ...
... Arabidopsis has six CYP78A genes (Bak et al., 2011). The overexpression of KLUH/CYP78A5, ENHANCER OF DA1-1 (EOD3)/CYP78A6, and CYP78A9 genes all produced a general growth phenotype. This phenotype included large siliques and short stamens, a delay in bud opening and organ abscission, reduced fertili ...
LAB 1 - PLANT IDENTIFICATION
... would be Aceraceae to which maples belong. Within each family there are members that are more closely related than others. This relationship is demonstrated by the similarity of basic morphological traits like leaf shape or arrangement. These plants are placed in a group called a Genus. Maples belon ...
... would be Aceraceae to which maples belong. Within each family there are members that are more closely related than others. This relationship is demonstrated by the similarity of basic morphological traits like leaf shape or arrangement. These plants are placed in a group called a Genus. Maples belon ...
LAB 1 - PLANT IDENTIFICATION Objectives
... plant family would be Aceraceae to which maples belong. Within each family there are members that are more closely related than others. This relationship is demonstrated by the similarity of basic morphological traits like leaf shape or arrangement. These plants are placed in a group called a Genus. ...
... plant family would be Aceraceae to which maples belong. Within each family there are members that are more closely related than others. This relationship is demonstrated by the similarity of basic morphological traits like leaf shape or arrangement. These plants are placed in a group called a Genus. ...
Diversity And Classification of Flowering Plants:
... Part used: FLOWERING SHOOT (Flowers abortive or immature) [Bred by Arabians in 12th century; leaves gathered and tied around flowers to prevent exposure to sun and therefore green color.] ...
... Part used: FLOWERING SHOOT (Flowers abortive or immature) [Bred by Arabians in 12th century; leaves gathered and tied around flowers to prevent exposure to sun and therefore green color.] ...
Differences in the location of subcotyledonary
... organs, large individuals in the field developing up to 100 1-m tall shoots every year. Of more than 60 cultivated plants of E. dodonaei not a single one was observed with buds on roots. Epilobium fieischeri (Fig. 3) combines the habit of E. angustifolium and E. dodonaei. The first developing buds i ...
... organs, large individuals in the field developing up to 100 1-m tall shoots every year. Of more than 60 cultivated plants of E. dodonaei not a single one was observed with buds on roots. Epilobium fieischeri (Fig. 3) combines the habit of E. angustifolium and E. dodonaei. The first developing buds i ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.