How does fishing alter marine populations and ecosystems
... temperature. The poor condition of the cod had two significant consequences. The first was that the fish had less energy resources available to put into reproduction; they were simply struggling to stay alive. The second important effect was a direct interaction between an ...
... temperature. The poor condition of the cod had two significant consequences. The first was that the fish had less energy resources available to put into reproduction; they were simply struggling to stay alive. The second important effect was a direct interaction between an ...
ocean governance for the 21st century: making marine zoning
... seeks from the beginning to account for the health of the relevant marine ecosystems, balancing biodiversity protection with human use to achieve ecosystem-based management in the oceans.24 As a result, marine spatial planning will often provide special protections for, and perhaps even forbid all h ...
... seeks from the beginning to account for the health of the relevant marine ecosystems, balancing biodiversity protection with human use to achieve ecosystem-based management in the oceans.24 As a result, marine spatial planning will often provide special protections for, and perhaps even forbid all h ...
Future changes in Mekong River hydrology
... its hydrology and the characteristics of its exceptional flood pulse. The rapid economic development of the riparian countries has led to massive plans for hydropower construction, and projected climate change is expected to alter the monsoon patterns and increase temperature in the basin. The aim o ...
... its hydrology and the characteristics of its exceptional flood pulse. The rapid economic development of the riparian countries has led to massive plans for hydropower construction, and projected climate change is expected to alter the monsoon patterns and increase temperature in the basin. The aim o ...
It is beyond cavil that climate change poses grave and irreversible
... In 2009 the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) issued an important report: Sharing the effort under a global carbon budget.29 WWF proposes three trajectories to come to grips with climate change. One of our core principles aligns with the WWF’s contraction and convergence submission. The WWF suggests the fol ...
... In 2009 the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) issued an important report: Sharing the effort under a global carbon budget.29 WWF proposes three trajectories to come to grips with climate change. One of our core principles aligns with the WWF’s contraction and convergence submission. The WWF suggests the fol ...
Regional climate model applications on subregional scales over the
... model integrations were carried out from 1979 to 1991, to capture a range of global and regional climatological features, such as strong ENSO-monsoon cycles of 1982–83 and 1987–88. We allowed a spin-up of one year for the four-layer soil model to reach an equilibrium state with the atmosphere, and t ...
... model integrations were carried out from 1979 to 1991, to capture a range of global and regional climatological features, such as strong ENSO-monsoon cycles of 1982–83 and 1987–88. We allowed a spin-up of one year for the four-layer soil model to reach an equilibrium state with the atmosphere, and t ...
publishable final report - Klima
... energy demand and cooling peak loads. However, the changes which have to occur in order to reach climate mitigation targets are much more fundamental than the impact of climate change on the energy system. Thus, the Austrian energy system can cope with climate change at very moderate costs, if corre ...
... energy demand and cooling peak loads. However, the changes which have to occur in order to reach climate mitigation targets are much more fundamental than the impact of climate change on the energy system. Thus, the Austrian energy system can cope with climate change at very moderate costs, if corre ...
Climate Change Adaptation Guidelines
... I. A message from the project delivery team Humanity will need to act decisively now if the global average temperature rise is to be contained within the 2°C limit agreed to by world governments in Paris. This landmark agreement furthermore called for substantial action to adapt to climate change. A ...
... I. A message from the project delivery team Humanity will need to act decisively now if the global average temperature rise is to be contained within the 2°C limit agreed to by world governments in Paris. This landmark agreement furthermore called for substantial action to adapt to climate change. A ...
Who`s holding us back?
... against climate change action.11 In the EU more than 100 companies have supported a unilateral increase of the EU’s outdated 2020 GHG emission target to 30% taking publicly the opposite position of BusinessEurope that claims to represent them.12 • Key associations such as the Business Council of Au ...
... against climate change action.11 In the EU more than 100 companies have supported a unilateral increase of the EU’s outdated 2020 GHG emission target to 30% taking publicly the opposite position of BusinessEurope that claims to represent them.12 • Key associations such as the Business Council of Au ...
Cooperation on Climate-Change Mitigation
... Analyzing countries' strategic interactions is crucial for understanding climate-change policy. As the negotiations over the Kyoto Protocol illustrate, countries can choose to participate or stay on the sidelines (e.g., US and China). Even if a country chooses to participate, there are limited ...
... Analyzing countries' strategic interactions is crucial for understanding climate-change policy. As the negotiations over the Kyoto Protocol illustrate, countries can choose to participate or stay on the sidelines (e.g., US and China). Even if a country chooses to participate, there are limited ...
The Open Ocean
... Key Messages and Recommendations 1. Urgent attention is needed to sustainably manage the open ocean ecosystems and their services. The open ocean is the largest transboundary water space on Earth, covering about half of the entire surface of the planet, but also has impact on the entire global ocea ...
... Key Messages and Recommendations 1. Urgent attention is needed to sustainably manage the open ocean ecosystems and their services. The open ocean is the largest transboundary water space on Earth, covering about half of the entire surface of the planet, but also has impact on the entire global ocea ...
Projecting future climate change: Implications of carbon cycle
... the absence of land use (preanthropogenic conditions) is specified in ISAM for comparison to DGVM results. Since the future cumulative change in carbon stocks in the terrestrial biosphere is more closely related to change in future atmospheric CO2 concentration over the next century than annual upta ...
... the absence of land use (preanthropogenic conditions) is specified in ISAM for comparison to DGVM results. Since the future cumulative change in carbon stocks in the terrestrial biosphere is more closely related to change in future atmospheric CO2 concentration over the next century than annual upta ...
SHAKY SCIENCE: INCONVENIENT TRUTHS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
... would be appropriate to use the most recent IPCC reports, including the chapters focusing on North America, and the U.S. government Climate Change Science Program [CCSP] Synthesis Reports as scientific assessments that could serve as an important source or as the primary basis for the Agency’s issua ...
... would be appropriate to use the most recent IPCC reports, including the chapters focusing on North America, and the U.S. government Climate Change Science Program [CCSP] Synthesis Reports as scientific assessments that could serve as an important source or as the primary basis for the Agency’s issua ...
PDF
... yields is -0.17. While this value is not directly transferable to our model since we are using a logistic regression, we approximate it by setting a coefficient of corn yield to be -1.85 so that migration intention will increase about 0.17% when the value of corn yield decreases from 1 to 0.99. Two ...
... yields is -0.17. While this value is not directly transferable to our model since we are using a logistic regression, we approximate it by setting a coefficient of corn yield to be -1.85 so that migration intention will increase about 0.17% when the value of corn yield decreases from 1 to 0.99. Two ...
Responses of plant populations and communities to environmental
... different controls (summer and winter insolation) that do not necessarily operate in concert; summer insolation can increase while winter insolation decreases, and vice versa (Berger and Loutre 1991). Changes in position of the realized environmental space result from changes in the values of the en ...
... different controls (summer and winter insolation) that do not necessarily operate in concert; summer insolation can increase while winter insolation decreases, and vice versa (Berger and Loutre 1991). Changes in position of the realized environmental space result from changes in the values of the en ...
FAO - NWP: Climate Related Risks and Extreme Events 2007 (pp.3-10)
... designed with scale independence in mind, to monitor patterns of climate variability at global, continental, regional, national, sub-national and farm level. They have been tested and used extensively by countries and are appropriate for vulnerability risk assessment and to define best practices for ...
... designed with scale independence in mind, to monitor patterns of climate variability at global, continental, regional, national, sub-national and farm level. They have been tested and used extensively by countries and are appropriate for vulnerability risk assessment and to define best practices for ...
Public Perception of geoengineering and its consequences for
... good for the environment people tend to be more skeptical with roughly 7 out of 10 strongly/ somewhat agree (Borick and Rabe 2012). Alike, the survey undertaken by the United States Government Accountability Office indicated that some 50 % or more were somewhat to extremely concerned that geoenginee ...
... good for the environment people tend to be more skeptical with roughly 7 out of 10 strongly/ somewhat agree (Borick and Rabe 2012). Alike, the survey undertaken by the United States Government Accountability Office indicated that some 50 % or more were somewhat to extremely concerned that geoenginee ...
7 Managing the Risks: International Level and Integration across Scales
... A need to cope with the risks associated with atmospheric processes (floods, droughts, cyclones, and so forth) has always been a fact of human life (Lamb, 1995). In more recent decades, extreme weather events have increasingly come to be associated with large-scale disasters and an increasing level ...
... A need to cope with the risks associated with atmospheric processes (floods, droughts, cyclones, and so forth) has always been a fact of human life (Lamb, 1995). In more recent decades, extreme weather events have increasingly come to be associated with large-scale disasters and an increasing level ...
1.1.3 Coral Reef Analysis and Monitoring in Eight
... The Climate Studies Group (CSG) of the UWI Mona and Cave Hill has been engaged in the downscaling and scenario development activities covered by MOU with the CCCCC. The CSG has provided beneficiaries and users with the outputs of downscaled climate projection scenarios for use in vulnerability asses ...
... The Climate Studies Group (CSG) of the UWI Mona and Cave Hill has been engaged in the downscaling and scenario development activities covered by MOU with the CCCCC. The CSG has provided beneficiaries and users with the outputs of downscaled climate projection scenarios for use in vulnerability asses ...
Download - 1,8Mb
... risks or impacts on: forest productivity; biodiversity; water availability and quality; fire; pests and diseases; extreme weather events; sea-level rise; and economic, social and institutional considerations. These actions are intended to support forest managers and other stakeholders in dealing wit ...
... risks or impacts on: forest productivity; biodiversity; water availability and quality; fire; pests and diseases; extreme weather events; sea-level rise; and economic, social and institutional considerations. These actions are intended to support forest managers and other stakeholders in dealing wit ...
Detecting an external influence on recent changes
... by 2100 (Sarmiento et al., 1998; Bopp et al., 2002; Matear and Hirst, 2003; Frölicher et al., 2009). Global [O2 ] decreases have also been simulated over longer timescales in response to protracted ocean warming. For example, model simulations using Intermediate Complexity Earth System Models (EMIC ...
... by 2100 (Sarmiento et al., 1998; Bopp et al., 2002; Matear and Hirst, 2003; Frölicher et al., 2009). Global [O2 ] decreases have also been simulated over longer timescales in response to protracted ocean warming. For example, model simulations using Intermediate Complexity Earth System Models (EMIC ...
Modeling the Effects of Climate Change on the Supply of Phosphate
... process-oriented models include the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT Arnold et al., 1998), the Hydrologic Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF Bicknell et al., 1997), the Netherlands model (NL-CAT/AMINO Schoumans and Silgram, 2003), and the INCA-P model (Wade et al., 2002; Whitehead et al., 2007). These ...
... process-oriented models include the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT Arnold et al., 1998), the Hydrologic Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF Bicknell et al., 1997), the Netherlands model (NL-CAT/AMINO Schoumans and Silgram, 2003), and the INCA-P model (Wade et al., 2002; Whitehead et al., 2007). These ...
Regional Climate Change Adaptation Plan for the Eyre Peninsula
... management and biodiversity conservation, both of which will be impacted by declining rainfall and projected increased temperatures. The adaptation pathways analysis focussed on eight issues and areas of decision making (described in italics below). These were then considered in a regional context t ...
... management and biodiversity conservation, both of which will be impacted by declining rainfall and projected increased temperatures. The adaptation pathways analysis focussed on eight issues and areas of decision making (described in italics below). These were then considered in a regional context t ...
The Third Oregon Climate Assessment Report
... Strategy and the Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan. Furthermore, implementing climate adaptation actions can be compatible with other societal goals, such as sustainable development and disaster risk reduction (Bierbaum et al., 2014). ...
... Strategy and the Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan. Furthermore, implementing climate adaptation actions can be compatible with other societal goals, such as sustainable development and disaster risk reduction (Bierbaum et al., 2014). ...
POTENTIAL MARKET BARRIERS FOR VOLUNTARY CLIMATE CHANGE
... The challenge of the twenty first century is to enable economic growth and increase both the environmental quality and social inclusiveness, while mitigating and adapting to the impacts of climate change. The need for a transition to more sustainable consumption and production patterns is undeniable ...
... The challenge of the twenty first century is to enable economic growth and increase both the environmental quality and social inclusiveness, while mitigating and adapting to the impacts of climate change. The need for a transition to more sustainable consumption and production patterns is undeniable ...
Quantifying the effects of climate variability and human activities on
... the step change point of the annual runoff series over the period from 1960 to 2009. Figure 3 shows the computed probability series of the step change point years. The intersection of the curves indicates that there are two step change points (in 1993 and 1995 at the 0.01 significance level) for the ...
... the step change point of the annual runoff series over the period from 1960 to 2009. Figure 3 shows the computed probability series of the step change point years. The intersection of the curves indicates that there are two step change points (in 1993 and 1995 at the 0.01 significance level) for the ...