A fractal climate response function can simulate global average
... One way of dealing with the uncertainties in climate response function and forcings is to acknowledge them explicitly and utilize them as leeway for fitting model responses to observed temperatures. For the most elaborate climate models, this could at most take the form of some implicit tuning, bec ...
... One way of dealing with the uncertainties in climate response function and forcings is to acknowledge them explicitly and utilize them as leeway for fitting model responses to observed temperatures. For the most elaborate climate models, this could at most take the form of some implicit tuning, bec ...
Michigan Climate and Health Profile Report 2015
... impactful ways. Since 1951 the average annual temperature has increased by 0.6°F in the southeastern Lower Peninsula, and up to 1.3°F in the northwestern Lower Peninsula. During that same period total annual average precipitation across the state increased by 4.5%, or 1.4 inches. Additional changes ...
... impactful ways. Since 1951 the average annual temperature has increased by 0.6°F in the southeastern Lower Peninsula, and up to 1.3°F in the northwestern Lower Peninsula. During that same period total annual average precipitation across the state increased by 4.5%, or 1.4 inches. Additional changes ...
New York City Begins Planning for Climate
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
Florida on the Coast of Climate Change: Responding to
... 42 See id. The international community faces even greater challenges as sea levels continue to rise. Although beyond the scope of this article, these include boundary disputes and navigational issues where sea level rise changes surface shapes and creates new waterways. Menefee, supra note 23, at 17 ...
... 42 See id. The international community faces even greater challenges as sea levels continue to rise. Although beyond the scope of this article, these include boundary disputes and navigational issues where sea level rise changes surface shapes and creates new waterways. Menefee, supra note 23, at 17 ...
Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
Payne and Pates 2009 Wetlands Ecology and Management
... Testate amoebae analysis was used to reconstruct changes in hydrology. Testate amoebae are shell-forming unicellular microorganisms that are abundant in peatlands and ...
... Testate amoebae analysis was used to reconstruct changes in hydrology. Testate amoebae are shell-forming unicellular microorganisms that are abundant in peatlands and ...
Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
Crime, Weather, and Climate Change
... F. Above this cuto↵, changes in temperature have little e↵ect on crime rates. These results improve on past research in several ways: in my use of a semi-parametric specification, which allows for a more flexible functional form than the linear or quadratic specifications imposed in previous work; ...
... F. Above this cuto↵, changes in temperature have little e↵ect on crime rates. These results improve on past research in several ways: in my use of a semi-parametric specification, which allows for a more flexible functional form than the linear or quadratic specifications imposed in previous work; ...
as pdf, 3.4 MB
... are clear: elevated concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere caused by human activities have led to a global warming that has also increased temperatures in the surface waters of the oceans.This leads to rising sea levels due to thermal expansion of the water and due to melting ice masse ...
... are clear: elevated concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere caused by human activities have led to a global warming that has also increased temperatures in the surface waters of the oceans.This leads to rising sea levels due to thermal expansion of the water and due to melting ice masse ...
Climate change and the northern Russian treeline zone
... the availability of nitrogen and decrease growth. Shading by trees can accentuate soil cooling and serve as a negative feedback to forest development on cold sites. Prolonged minimum temperatures greater than 68C are generally required for bud formation and other aspects of reproductive development. ...
... the availability of nitrogen and decrease growth. Shading by trees can accentuate soil cooling and serve as a negative feedback to forest development on cold sites. Prolonged minimum temperatures greater than 68C are generally required for bud formation and other aspects of reproductive development. ...
lcmexl978i.pdf
... Central America: per capita reduction of water availability, baseline scenario, B2 and A2, 2005-2100 ..................................................................................................................................... Central America: evolution of water demand with baseline, B2 and ...
... Central America: per capita reduction of water availability, baseline scenario, B2 and A2, 2005-2100 ..................................................................................................................................... Central America: evolution of water demand with baseline, B2 and ...
Pre-Workshop scoping document
... project to examine the future of flood risk in the Taihu Basin around Shanghai that runs from 2006 to 2009. In 2007, presentations on the Foresight ‘Future Flooding’ project at technical meetings of the US Army Corps of Engineers attended by senior personnel and representatives of the Association of ...
... project to examine the future of flood risk in the Taihu Basin around Shanghai that runs from 2006 to 2009. In 2007, presentations on the Foresight ‘Future Flooding’ project at technical meetings of the US Army Corps of Engineers attended by senior personnel and representatives of the Association of ...
chapter 1 - UNDPCC.org
... Research on Farming Systems Change to Enable Adaptation to Climate Change ...
... Research on Farming Systems Change to Enable Adaptation to Climate Change ...
a guidebook on climate scenarios
... straightforward. In addition, their needs may require more specific information that must be customized to some degree to suit their expertise. Indeed, ‘generic’ decision support tools are not easily constructed given that climate related decisions are made at multiple levels and by a variety of act ...
... straightforward. In addition, their needs may require more specific information that must be customized to some degree to suit their expertise. Indeed, ‘generic’ decision support tools are not easily constructed given that climate related decisions are made at multiple levels and by a variety of act ...
Historical and Idealized Climate Model Experiments: An EMIC
... community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth’s orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse g ...
... community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth’s orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse g ...
The influence of volcanic eruptions on the climate
... through a number of observational and modeling efforts (Hardy et al., 2003; Vuille and Werner 2005; Vimeux et al., 2005, 2009; Kanner et al., 2012) which suggest that the isotopic signal is more closely related to the degree of rainout upstream in regions of intense convection (in the case of South ...
... through a number of observational and modeling efforts (Hardy et al., 2003; Vuille and Werner 2005; Vimeux et al., 2005, 2009; Kanner et al., 2012) which suggest that the isotopic signal is more closely related to the degree of rainout upstream in regions of intense convection (in the case of South ...
Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past
... contains three distinct, multidecadal trends: early-century warming, mid-century cooling and late-century warming. But that knowledge comes from instrumental thermometry with its high time resolution and other biases that preclude a direct comparison with the proxies (proxies have their own biases). ...
... contains three distinct, multidecadal trends: early-century warming, mid-century cooling and late-century warming. But that knowledge comes from instrumental thermometry with its high time resolution and other biases that preclude a direct comparison with the proxies (proxies have their own biases). ...
Equator Principles and Climate Change Issues
... To my advisor, Dr. Neil Craik, I thank you for your constructive feedback, insights, and encouragement throughout my Master’s studies. Your contributions have been invaluable to my thesis that I am proud of. I sincerely express my gratitude for all efforts that you have put forth to advise me during ...
... To my advisor, Dr. Neil Craik, I thank you for your constructive feedback, insights, and encouragement throughout my Master’s studies. Your contributions have been invaluable to my thesis that I am proud of. I sincerely express my gratitude for all efforts that you have put forth to advise me during ...
The Changing Arctic Cryosphere and Likely Consequences: An
... 2011a, b [this issue]). The warming of the Arctic cryosphere is limiting the habitat range for cold-adapted biota, while less specialized taxa including invasive species from the south are likely to become increasingly common in the future. Extreme climate events such as thawing in midwinter are lik ...
... 2011a, b [this issue]). The warming of the Arctic cryosphere is limiting the habitat range for cold-adapted biota, while less specialized taxa including invasive species from the south are likely to become increasingly common in the future. Extreme climate events such as thawing in midwinter are lik ...
Climate Change
... would like to make believe that there is nothing to worry about, either because there is no proof or technology will fix it. The areas where impacts will be most felt are in agriculture, food systems and nutrition. There will be other impacts, eg. health will be affected by shifting diseases and by ...
... would like to make believe that there is nothing to worry about, either because there is no proof or technology will fix it. The areas where impacts will be most felt are in agriculture, food systems and nutrition. There will be other impacts, eg. health will be affected by shifting diseases and by ...
Helping Biodiversity Adapt
... to climate change is likely to be unavoidable, widespread and substantial. As a result, some of our approaches to biodiversity conservation may need to change – including not just the actions we take now but also the overarching goals of what we aim to achieve. The scope of the challenge of adapting ...
... to climate change is likely to be unavoidable, widespread and substantial. As a result, some of our approaches to biodiversity conservation may need to change – including not just the actions we take now but also the overarching goals of what we aim to achieve. The scope of the challenge of adapting ...
Recent worldwide CO2 emissions - Digging in the Clay
... Although the IPCC accepts that this crucial effect exists, the UN panel certainly does not emphasise it. Like the Medieval Warm Period, that they tried to eliminate with the Hockey Stick graph in 2001, the panel knows that wide public knowledge of this fact would be utterly detrimental to their pri ...
... Although the IPCC accepts that this crucial effect exists, the UN panel certainly does not emphasise it. Like the Medieval Warm Period, that they tried to eliminate with the Hockey Stick graph in 2001, the panel knows that wide public knowledge of this fact would be utterly detrimental to their pri ...
Strengthening of the hydrological cycle in future scenarios
... of the precipitation rate in one of the Earth System Models (ESMs) participating to the ENSEMBLES centennial climate projection exercise (Johns et al., 2011). The reasons for the different precipitation changes during the E1 mitigation scenario compared to A1B are investigated by applying a method t ...
... of the precipitation rate in one of the Earth System Models (ESMs) participating to the ENSEMBLES centennial climate projection exercise (Johns et al., 2011). The reasons for the different precipitation changes during the E1 mitigation scenario compared to A1B are investigated by applying a method t ...
Fourth Carbon Budget Review – part 1
... fluctuations and cooling from other natural factors. Similar periods occurred in the 20th Century, and they are consistent with longer-term warming. • Recent assessments of the likely temperature change in response to greenhouse gas concentrations confirm previous ones. In particular, the IPCC prov ...
... fluctuations and cooling from other natural factors. Similar periods occurred in the 20th Century, and they are consistent with longer-term warming. • Recent assessments of the likely temperature change in response to greenhouse gas concentrations confirm previous ones. In particular, the IPCC prov ...
Water storage change in the Himalayas from the Gravity Recovery
... 2000; Fujita, 2008b]. Temperature is predicted to rise in 2100 by 3.5°C–5.5°C in the Indian subcontinent and by 2.5°C–5°C in the Tibetan Plateau [Macintosh, 2005; Kumar et al., 2007]. [6] Storage depletion in the ecologically fragile Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau region is attributed, in part, to wa ...
... 2000; Fujita, 2008b]. Temperature is predicted to rise in 2100 by 3.5°C–5.5°C in the Indian subcontinent and by 2.5°C–5°C in the Tibetan Plateau [Macintosh, 2005; Kumar et al., 2007]. [6] Storage depletion in the ecologically fragile Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau region is attributed, in part, to wa ...