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... • When did crime hit its peak in the United States? • Crime was just about its peak in the United States on Christmas day, 1989, wasn’t it? • What led the national conversation? • Who didn’t foresee the crime decline? • How were the crime drop explanations ranked? Questions 8, 9 and 10 refer to the ...
... • When did crime hit its peak in the United States? • Crime was just about its peak in the United States on Christmas day, 1989, wasn’t it? • What led the national conversation? • Who didn’t foresee the crime decline? • How were the crime drop explanations ranked? Questions 8, 9 and 10 refer to the ...
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... effectiveness and efficiency (i.e. cost–benefit analyses that include consideration of the distribution of costs, risks and benefits), and on vulnerable groups, such as indigenous people, forest communities and women. Growing concern about the unintended consequences of management actions implemente ...
... effectiveness and efficiency (i.e. cost–benefit analyses that include consideration of the distribution of costs, risks and benefits), and on vulnerable groups, such as indigenous people, forest communities and women. Growing concern about the unintended consequences of management actions implemente ...
A summary for policymakers
... Synergies or conflicts across different sectoral policies are particularly relevant in mountain areas, where fragile ecosystems provide valuable economic services such as energy for hydropower, water towers and natural storage systems of water, tourism uses, etc. Existing tensions across sectors, go ...
... Synergies or conflicts across different sectoral policies are particularly relevant in mountain areas, where fragile ecosystems provide valuable economic services such as energy for hydropower, water towers and natural storage systems of water, tourism uses, etc. Existing tensions across sectors, go ...
Ecological and methodological drivers of species` distribution and
... a comprehensive data set rather than a small subset of available data. Three criteria were applied for inclusion of peer-reviewed studies in the database: (1) authors must have inferred or directly tested for trends in marine ecological and climate variables from field observations; (2) observations ...
... a comprehensive data set rather than a small subset of available data. Three criteria were applied for inclusion of peer-reviewed studies in the database: (1) authors must have inferred or directly tested for trends in marine ecological and climate variables from field observations; (2) observations ...
Advantage CP 2 7WK - Open Evidence Archive
... no sign of suffering during periods when the trade deficit is expanding. To the contrary, real GDP grew more than three times faster at an annualized rate — 3.6%, versus 1% — during periods when the trade deficit was expanding, compared to those in which it was shrinking. A rising trade deficit was ...
... no sign of suffering during periods when the trade deficit is expanding. To the contrary, real GDP grew more than three times faster at an annualized rate — 3.6%, versus 1% — during periods when the trade deficit was expanding, compared to those in which it was shrinking. A rising trade deficit was ...
Assessment of impacts of climate change on rice and wheat in the
... Since the impact of these extremes is likely to be much higher, an analysis of projected extremes in temperature and rainfall in Indian region was performed. Analysis indicated that locations in IGP will experience more number of days with temperatures above 45 oC (Table 1). Except locations in sout ...
... Since the impact of these extremes is likely to be much higher, an analysis of projected extremes in temperature and rainfall in Indian region was performed. Analysis indicated that locations in IGP will experience more number of days with temperatures above 45 oC (Table 1). Except locations in sout ...
Small States and the Commonwealth
... marginalisation, HIV/AIDS, poverty, violence and crime. The repercussions of the global economic crisis and a growing youth bulge in many countries present challenges not only to young people’s personal development, but also to their capacity to contribute to national development. The Commonwealth s ...
... marginalisation, HIV/AIDS, poverty, violence and crime. The repercussions of the global economic crisis and a growing youth bulge in many countries present challenges not only to young people’s personal development, but also to their capacity to contribute to national development. The Commonwealth s ...
2015 NGPR Leadership Symposium
... toolkits that underlie them. I am also a classically trained invertebrate zoologist with an expertise in aplacophroan molluscs. ...
... toolkits that underlie them. I am also a classically trained invertebrate zoologist with an expertise in aplacophroan molluscs. ...
Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics and Climate
... benthic or nektonic. Moreover, changes in plankton populations can critically affect the distribution, abundance and maintenance of living marine resources. Physical processes, structures and characteristics in the ocean change when climate variability or climate forcing change. These modifications ...
... benthic or nektonic. Moreover, changes in plankton populations can critically affect the distribution, abundance and maintenance of living marine resources. Physical processes, structures and characteristics in the ocean change when climate variability or climate forcing change. These modifications ...
Towards Climate Change Resilient of Hail Haor, Sylhet:
... Bangladesh is one of the poor countries in the South Asia where most of the people depend on fishes for their nutrition. About 60% of total demand of protein is fulfilled from fishes. Wetlands, rivers, khals, and estuaries are the major sources of fishes and its highly productive environment support ...
... Bangladesh is one of the poor countries in the South Asia where most of the people depend on fishes for their nutrition. About 60% of total demand of protein is fulfilled from fishes. Wetlands, rivers, khals, and estuaries are the major sources of fishes and its highly productive environment support ...
Alberto Montanari - University of Bologna
... • While global sea level rose by approximately 120 metres during the several millennia that followed the end of the last glacial maximum, the level stabilized between 3000 and 2000 years ago. Since then, paleo sea level indicators suggest that global sea level did not change significantly: the avera ...
... • While global sea level rose by approximately 120 metres during the several millennia that followed the end of the last glacial maximum, the level stabilized between 3000 and 2000 years ago. Since then, paleo sea level indicators suggest that global sea level did not change significantly: the avera ...
Attribution of Weather and Climate-Related Extreme Events
... changes does not imply that a specific weather or climate extreme can necessarily be attributed unambiguously to human influence, since many types of weather extremes, including heatwaves, extreme rainfall and drought can happen in an unaltered climate and indeed have happened in pre-industrial time ...
... changes does not imply that a specific weather or climate extreme can necessarily be attributed unambiguously to human influence, since many types of weather extremes, including heatwaves, extreme rainfall and drought can happen in an unaltered climate and indeed have happened in pre-industrial time ...
Abstract - Sokoine University of Agriculture
... species are already being driven to alter their geographic distributions and behavior as they respond to extreme weather pattern changes that are associated with human induced climate change (Monzón et al 2011). When responding to a shift in climatic conditions, species tend to increase, decrease, o ...
... species are already being driven to alter their geographic distributions and behavior as they respond to extreme weather pattern changes that are associated with human induced climate change (Monzón et al 2011). When responding to a shift in climatic conditions, species tend to increase, decrease, o ...
Reducing Human Vulnerability
... dams and roads—create new opportunities but can also create new risks for people. Climate change, superimposed on these processes, brings additional stress for natural, human, and social systems. People’s livelihoods need to function under conditions that will almost certainly change but cannot be p ...
... dams and roads—create new opportunities but can also create new risks for people. Climate change, superimposed on these processes, brings additional stress for natural, human, and social systems. People’s livelihoods need to function under conditions that will almost certainly change but cannot be p ...
Formation and evolution of the periglacial landscape under major
... increasingly abundant. The fate of this ground-ice reservoir is tied to dramatic global climate change during the recent history of Mars (<10 Myr). The planet is thought to have undergone periodic variations of its orbital parameters deeply modifying the climate like Milankovitch’s cycles on Earth. ...
... increasingly abundant. The fate of this ground-ice reservoir is tied to dramatic global climate change during the recent history of Mars (<10 Myr). The planet is thought to have undergone periodic variations of its orbital parameters deeply modifying the climate like Milankovitch’s cycles on Earth. ...
Global response of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function to
... HadCM2-SUL. Simulations with changing CO2 alone show a widely distributed terrestrial carbon sink of 1.4±3.8 Pg C y±1 during the 1990s, rising to 3.7±8.6 Pg C y±1 a century later. Simulations including climate change show a reduced sink both today (0.6± 3.0 Pg C y±1) and a century later (0.3±6.6 Pg ...
... HadCM2-SUL. Simulations with changing CO2 alone show a widely distributed terrestrial carbon sink of 1.4±3.8 Pg C y±1 during the 1990s, rising to 3.7±8.6 Pg C y±1 a century later. Simulations including climate change show a reduced sink both today (0.6± 3.0 Pg C y±1) and a century later (0.3±6.6 Pg ...
- Energy
... extreme weather events can provide analogues to the level of human vulnerability and ability to cope with and adapt to climate change (Adger et al., 2005; McMichael and Kovats, 2000). Hazards refer to the nature of extreme events in the environment, defined by the characteristics of intensity, severi ...
... extreme weather events can provide analogues to the level of human vulnerability and ability to cope with and adapt to climate change (Adger et al., 2005; McMichael and Kovats, 2000). Hazards refer to the nature of extreme events in the environment, defined by the characteristics of intensity, severi ...
Domestic Politics and Global Climate Policy
... constraints, such as the hurdles involved with the formal ratification of international treaties. In their work on negotiations about the deepening of European integration, Schneider (1994) as well as Schneider and Cederman (1994) propose a sequential game with incomplete information—that is, countr ...
... constraints, such as the hurdles involved with the formal ratification of international treaties. In their work on negotiations about the deepening of European integration, Schneider (1994) as well as Schneider and Cederman (1994) propose a sequential game with incomplete information—that is, countr ...
A comment on “Economy-wide estimates of the
... problem is particularly severe for China and India, but affects the worldwide estimates of Bosello et al. Martens does not produce worldwide estimates, but projects the effect on cardio-vascular and respiratory mortality from a 1.2 °C warming in 20 major cities located in 17 countries. Assuming that ...
... problem is particularly severe for China and India, but affects the worldwide estimates of Bosello et al. Martens does not produce worldwide estimates, but projects the effect on cardio-vascular and respiratory mortality from a 1.2 °C warming in 20 major cities located in 17 countries. Assuming that ...
lecture 34
... • CO2 levels are rising and will likely double by 2070. • The greenhouse relationship between higher CO2 levels and warmer temperatures is indisputable. • Even with perfect knowledge of future CO2 levels, there is significant uncertainty about how much warming would occur and how fast it would occur ...
... • CO2 levels are rising and will likely double by 2070. • The greenhouse relationship between higher CO2 levels and warmer temperatures is indisputable. • Even with perfect knowledge of future CO2 levels, there is significant uncertainty about how much warming would occur and how fast it would occur ...
How to read a Climate-Fact-Sheet
... system, the reason for this is to be found in certain assumptions about the future development of greenhouse gas emissions, whereby we are at present only minimally able to assess, for example, how technical or political processes will operate in the future. In addition to this, real meteorological ...
... system, the reason for this is to be found in certain assumptions about the future development of greenhouse gas emissions, whereby we are at present only minimally able to assess, for example, how technical or political processes will operate in the future. In addition to this, real meteorological ...
Effects of climate change on European ducks: what do we know and
... sometimes show very clear peaks of mass emergence has lead to the belief that ducks time their breeding to such superabundance in food (e.g. chironomids in Danell & Sjöberg 1977). This could cause a mismatch if ducks were not able to track potential shifts in emergence dates following climate chang ...
... sometimes show very clear peaks of mass emergence has lead to the belief that ducks time their breeding to such superabundance in food (e.g. chironomids in Danell & Sjöberg 1977). This could cause a mismatch if ducks were not able to track potential shifts in emergence dates following climate chang ...
Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... Sea level rise increases pressure on utilities – such as water and energy – by contaminating potential freshwater supplies with saltwater. Such problems are amplified during extreme dry periods with little runoff. Uncertainties in the scale, timing, and location of climate change impacts can make de ...
... Sea level rise increases pressure on utilities – such as water and energy – by contaminating potential freshwater supplies with saltwater. Such problems are amplified during extreme dry periods with little runoff. Uncertainties in the scale, timing, and location of climate change impacts can make de ...
PROXY MEMORANDUM To: Marathon Petroleum Corporation
... company is setting long-term goals that incorporate changing levels of demand, using an internal price on carbon to inform decision-making, or testing the company’s short- and longterm business plans and capital expenditures against different scenarios designed to reach a 2degree goal, investors lac ...
... company is setting long-term goals that incorporate changing levels of demand, using an internal price on carbon to inform decision-making, or testing the company’s short- and longterm business plans and capital expenditures against different scenarios designed to reach a 2degree goal, investors lac ...
Ensemble modeling, uncertainty and robust predictions
... oday, many studies of future climate change take an ensemble modeling approach in which simulations of future conditions are produced with multiple climate models (or model versions), rather than just one. The need for multiple models stems from uncertainty about how to represent the climate system ...
... oday, many studies of future climate change take an ensemble modeling approach in which simulations of future conditions are produced with multiple climate models (or model versions), rather than just one. The need for multiple models stems from uncertainty about how to represent the climate system ...