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... of $9.60 per hour (Hayhoe et al. 2012). Annual maintenance cost was estimated to be 8% of initial irrigation system cost, and a real discount rate of 3% was used to calculate net present value. Average crop price was calculated using NASS price data for the years 2008-2012 as reported by the Texas A ...
... of $9.60 per hour (Hayhoe et al. 2012). Annual maintenance cost was estimated to be 8% of initial irrigation system cost, and a real discount rate of 3% was used to calculate net present value. Average crop price was calculated using NASS price data for the years 2008-2012 as reported by the Texas A ...
UN Sustainable Development Goals Setting Agenda for
... “The OWG underscored that the global nature of climate change calls for the widest possible cooperation by all countries and their participation in an effective and appropriate international response, with a view to accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions. It recalled that the ...
... “The OWG underscored that the global nature of climate change calls for the widest possible cooperation by all countries and their participation in an effective and appropriate international response, with a view to accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions. It recalled that the ...
A severe centennial-scale drought in mid
... appear to represent hydroclimatic changes that are still poorly understood. Droughts spanning several years to several decades are documented throughout the late Holocene, and many of these had substantial ecological and socioeconomic effects (Hodell et al., 1995; Woodhouse and Overpeck, 1998; Stahl ...
... appear to represent hydroclimatic changes that are still poorly understood. Droughts spanning several years to several decades are documented throughout the late Holocene, and many of these had substantial ecological and socioeconomic effects (Hodell et al., 1995; Woodhouse and Overpeck, 1998; Stahl ...
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Cross
... and F). Although less well documented, benthic invertebrates other than corals are also at risk (Przeslawski et al., 2008). Fish biodiversity is threatened by the permanent degradation of coral reefs, including in a marine reserve (Jones et al., 2004). Future impacts of climate-related drivers (ocea ...
... and F). Although less well documented, benthic invertebrates other than corals are also at risk (Przeslawski et al., 2008). Fish biodiversity is threatened by the permanent degradation of coral reefs, including in a marine reserve (Jones et al., 2004). Future impacts of climate-related drivers (ocea ...
... The analysis has shown that based upon exposed assets and population, SLR can be classified as having the potential to create potential catastrophe in Barbados. The main contributing factor is the concentration of socioeconomic infrastructure along the coastline in vulnerable areas. The A2 and B2 pr ...
The Climate Change Performance Index - Results
... from deforestation and forest degradation was one of the major steps in this process, made possible due to the data provided by the FAO Global Forest Resource Assessment 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By ...
... from deforestation and forest degradation was one of the major steps in this process, made possible due to the data provided by the FAO Global Forest Resource Assessment 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By ...
Top-level Research Initiative
... have access to natural resources that many other regions do not have, and thus have great potential for developing sustainable solutions. It is essential to these countries that they manage their resources responsibly. Individually the Nordic countries are small, but their long history of collaborat ...
... have access to natural resources that many other regions do not have, and thus have great potential for developing sustainable solutions. It is essential to these countries that they manage their resources responsibly. Individually the Nordic countries are small, but their long history of collaborat ...
The Climate Change Performance Index
... from deforestation and forest degradation was one of the major steps in this process, made possible due to the data provided by the FAO Global Forest Resource Assessment 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By ...
... from deforestation and forest degradation was one of the major steps in this process, made possible due to the data provided by the FAO Global Forest Resource Assessment 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By ...
Transient responses to increasing CO2 and climate change in an
... Still, this ultimately depends on the long-term competitive success of clover in mixture with grasses. In modelling studies, the coexistence of grass and clover in mixed swards has been investigated mostly from a theoretical point of view (Ross et al. 1972, Thornley et al. 1995, Schwinning & Parsons ...
... Still, this ultimately depends on the long-term competitive success of clover in mixture with grasses. In modelling studies, the coexistence of grass and clover in mixed swards has been investigated mostly from a theoretical point of view (Ross et al. 1972, Thornley et al. 1995, Schwinning & Parsons ...
Power Switch - Environmental Defense Fund
... In 2014, the U.S. clean energy market grew 14%—nearly five times as fast as the overall economy—to nearly $200 billion. In Connecticut, where I live, there’s almost as much solar power today as there was in the entire U.S. in 2004. Under the old model, coal-burning power plants generated electricity ...
... In 2014, the U.S. clean energy market grew 14%—nearly five times as fast as the overall economy—to nearly $200 billion. In Connecticut, where I live, there’s almost as much solar power today as there was in the entire U.S. in 2004. Under the old model, coal-burning power plants generated electricity ...
Climate Change in the Midwest - Union of Concerned Scientists
... under lower emissions and 30% under higher. • Little change in summer and fall precipitation is expected under lower emissions, but summer decreases and fall increases on the order of 10% are expected by the end of the century under higher emissions. • The frequency of heavy precipitation events—mea ...
... under lower emissions and 30% under higher. • Little change in summer and fall precipitation is expected under lower emissions, but summer decreases and fall increases on the order of 10% are expected by the end of the century under higher emissions. • The frequency of heavy precipitation events—mea ...
Indonesia Second National Communication Under The United
... The role of sectors other than oil and gas has become much more significant in the Indonesian economy since the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC), with the oil and gas sectors experiencing negative growth rates each year since with the exception of 2000. Among the non-oil and gas sectors, agriculture has ...
... The role of sectors other than oil and gas has become much more significant in the Indonesian economy since the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC), with the oil and gas sectors experiencing negative growth rates each year since with the exception of 2000. Among the non-oil and gas sectors, agriculture has ...
A Complex Constellation: Displacement, Climate Change and Arctic
... recorded history. When people perceive that their lives or livelihoods are threatened, they move elsewhere. Often they move to cities within their own countries. Sometimes they migrate to other countries. In other cases, they are forcibly displaced because their homes have been destroyed, their land ...
... recorded history. When people perceive that their lives or livelihoods are threatened, they move elsewhere. Often they move to cities within their own countries. Sometimes they migrate to other countries. In other cases, they are forcibly displaced because their homes have been destroyed, their land ...
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... generate yield responses to times of sowing under current and projected climatic conditions for several locations in the grainbelt of Western Australia. A model for investment in crop sowing machinery draws on these simulated yield relationships at each location and is used to determine a farmer’s o ...
... generate yield responses to times of sowing under current and projected climatic conditions for several locations in the grainbelt of Western Australia. A model for investment in crop sowing machinery draws on these simulated yield relationships at each location and is used to determine a farmer’s o ...
CHANGING HOW EARTH SYSTEM MODELING IS DONE TO
... Decades of research using such models have resulted in advances in the understanding of many Earth system processes, including the impacts of humans on climate. Models have also produced projections, combining current knowledge of the underlying science with a set of plausible future societal change ...
... Decades of research using such models have resulted in advances in the understanding of many Earth system processes, including the impacts of humans on climate. Models have also produced projections, combining current knowledge of the underlying science with a set of plausible future societal change ...
Climate change, wine, and conservation
... Climate change is expected to impact ecosystems directly, such as through shifting climatic controls on species ranges, and indirectly, for example through changes in human land use that may result in habitat loss. Shifting patterns of agricultural production in response to climate change have recei ...
... Climate change is expected to impact ecosystems directly, such as through shifting climatic controls on species ranges, and indirectly, for example through changes in human land use that may result in habitat loss. Shifting patterns of agricultural production in response to climate change have recei ...
Climate Change Law in Latin America
... (Springer, 2013), at: http://www.springer.com/law/book/978-94-007-5439-3). The original publication is available at: www.springerlink.com. Soledad Aguilar holds an LL.M from the London School of Economics and Political Science. ...
... (Springer, 2013), at: http://www.springer.com/law/book/978-94-007-5439-3). The original publication is available at: www.springerlink.com. Soledad Aguilar holds an LL.M from the London School of Economics and Political Science. ...
Climate Change and Coral Reefs By: Maddie Renner
... 1. What is climate change? 2. What are coral reefs? 3. How are coral reefs being affected by global warming? 4. How are coral reefs beneficial to humans? 5. What is one of the main causes for the death of coral reefs? 6. What can we do to help prevent coral reefs from dying and global warming in gen ...
... 1. What is climate change? 2. What are coral reefs? 3. How are coral reefs being affected by global warming? 4. How are coral reefs beneficial to humans? 5. What is one of the main causes for the death of coral reefs? 6. What can we do to help prevent coral reefs from dying and global warming in gen ...
Trends in river floods: why is there no clear signal in observations?
... the trend estimates including not only the possible effect of climate change, but also, for example, of changes in land use and flow attenuation due to reservoirs. Notwithstanding such limitations, river flows represent the integrated response to all the hydrometeorological processes operating throu ...
... the trend estimates including not only the possible effect of climate change, but also, for example, of changes in land use and flow attenuation due to reservoirs. Notwithstanding such limitations, river flows represent the integrated response to all the hydrometeorological processes operating throu ...
Biogeochemical Cycles
... 2. In total, land in the United States absorbs and stores an amount of carbon equivalent to about 17% of annual U.S. fossil fuel emissions. U.S. forests and associated wood products account for most of this land sink. The effect of this carbon storage is to partially offset warming from ...
... 2. In total, land in the United States absorbs and stores an amount of carbon equivalent to about 17% of annual U.S. fossil fuel emissions. U.S. forests and associated wood products account for most of this land sink. The effect of this carbon storage is to partially offset warming from ...
Inability of stratospheric sulfate aerosol injections to preserve the
... Accepted 2 JUN 2015 Accepted article online 4 JUN 2015 ...
... Accepted 2 JUN 2015 Accepted article online 4 JUN 2015 ...
Climatic Threat Spaces as a Tool to Assess Current and Future
... care should be taken regarding some environmental factors such as soils and pests, which are complexly related to climatic variations. In any case, all of these factors should be part of the “story” that must be documented to decide the weight of climatological factors on agricultural production. Th ...
... care should be taken regarding some environmental factors such as soils and pests, which are complexly related to climatic variations. In any case, all of these factors should be part of the “story” that must be documented to decide the weight of climatological factors on agricultural production. Th ...
Climate Change Corrections - Florida Department of Environmental
... possible. “Probable” means that an effect is highly likely to occur in the future, while “possible” means that it may occur, but that predicted impacts must be carefully qualified to reflect the level of certainty. ...
... possible. “Probable” means that an effect is highly likely to occur in the future, while “possible” means that it may occur, but that predicted impacts must be carefully qualified to reflect the level of certainty. ...
variability of freezing levels, melting season indicators, and snow
... 2. Data and Methods The height of the freezing level surface (FLS) – the elevation above sea level at which the air temperature is close to 0 ◦ C – is an important parameter, because it denotes the approximate position of permanent ice and snow on the surface, and thus constitutes an important indic ...
... 2. Data and Methods The height of the freezing level surface (FLS) – the elevation above sea level at which the air temperature is close to 0 ◦ C – is an important parameter, because it denotes the approximate position of permanent ice and snow on the surface, and thus constitutes an important indic ...
Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and Carbon
... temporal dynamics and interannual variabilityusing annual climatic records.However, the climate can influence the C budget not only directly by affectingthe flux ratesbut also indirectlyby affecting both the disturbanceregime and the vegetation type. Earlierresearchon climate change focused on chang ...
... temporal dynamics and interannual variabilityusing annual climatic records.However, the climate can influence the C budget not only directly by affectingthe flux ratesbut also indirectlyby affecting both the disturbanceregime and the vegetation type. Earlierresearchon climate change focused on chang ...